穴盘苗变形滑针式取苗器的研究

›› 2011, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 154-158.

穴盘苗变形滑针式取苗器的研究

胡敏娟,尹文庆*

南京农业大学工学院,江苏南京 210031

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-01-25 发布日期:2011-01-25

Experimental research on the deformed sliding needle pick\|up device for plug seedlings

HU Min-juan;YIN Wen-qing*

College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-01-25 Published:2011-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 半自动移栽机受到人工取苗的限制,单行移栽频率约为45株·min-1,生产率较低。对于穴盘苗移栽,自动取苗代替人工取苗是穴盘苗移栽机械的发展趋势。取苗器是自动取苗系统的末端执行器,其结构及作业条件对穴盘苗取苗成功率的影响直接关系到移栽机械的作业质量。设计了变形滑针式取苗器,运用正交试验和方差分析获得了该取苗器的取苗成功率、影响取苗成功率的显著因素及最佳取苗工作条件。正交试验选取穴盘苗苗龄、苗钵含水量、取苗夹持角度、取苗速度和取苗滑针数这5个因素,结果表明：变形滑针式取苗器平均取苗成功率达83.61%,影响取苗器成功率的显著因素有取苗滑针数和苗龄,取苗夹持角度影响其次,最佳取苗工作条件以25 d穴盘苗苗龄、4根取苗滑针以36°取苗夹持角度为宜。

关键词: 自动移栽, 穴盘苗, 取苗器, 取苗成功率

Abstract: The productivity of transplanting seedlings could not be improved due to the low efficiency of manual picking seedlings that was approximately 45 seedlings per minute in one way working by semi-automatic transplanter. For plug seedling transplanting, the developmental trend of transplanter was automatical-picking instead of manual\|picking. Pick-up seedling device was the end-effector of the automatic picking system, the influence of its different structures and operating conditions on picking success rate were directly related to the operation quality of transplanting mechanism. A deformed sliding needle-type pick-up device was designed, and an orthogonal experiment on the designed machine was used to study the picking success rate, the influencing factors and the best working conditions. The factors selected for this experiment were the vegetable plug seedlings' own physical characteristics, seedling plug moisture content, the angle and the velocity of picking plug seedlings and the number of gripper needles. The experimental results showed that the average picking success rate was 83.61%, and through analysis of ANOVA it revealed that the number of needles and seedling age were two major factors which might affect the success rate of picking operation, the angles was next. The highest picking success rate was obtained as 25-day-old seedling, 4 gripper needles, and pick plug seedlings with 36° angles．

Key words: automatic transplanting, plug seedling, seedling pick-up device, picking success rate

胡敏娟;尹文庆*. 穴盘苗变形滑针式取苗器的研究[J]. , 2011, 23(1): 154-158.

HU Min-juan;YIN Wen-qing*. Experimental research on the deformed sliding needle pick\|up device for plug seedlings[J]. , 2011, 23(1): 154-158.