外源喷施氨基酸肥对豆瓣菜生长与硒吸收的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221184

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1638-1647.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221184

外源喷施氨基酸肥对豆瓣菜生长与硒吸收的影响

肖家昶¹(), 雷凤芸², 格桑³, 马俊英¹, 贺茂林¹, 李艳文¹, 郑阳霞¹^,^*()

1.四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都 611130
2.成都市农林科学院农业装备研究所,四川成都 611130
3.西藏自治区山南市农业技术推广中心,西藏山南 856000

收稿日期:2022-08-19 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-08-17
作者简介:肖家昶(1997—),男,山西阳泉人,硕士研究生,主要从事蔬菜逆境生理研究。E-mail:929144771@qq.com
通讯作者: *郑阳霞,E-mail:754924349@qq.com
基金资助:
陕西省科技厅项目(2022ZY1-CGZY-07)

Effects of exogenous spraying of amino acid fertilizer on growth and selenium uptake of watercress

XIAO Jiachang¹(), LEI Fengyun², GE Sang³, MA Junying¹, HE Maolin¹, LI Yanwen¹, ZHENG Yangxia¹^,^*()

1. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2. Agricultural Equipment Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
3. Shannan Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Shannan 856000, Tibet, China

Received:2022-08-19 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-08-17
Contact: ZHENG Yangxia

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高豆瓣菜(Nasturtium officinale R. Br.)对硒的吸收能力,采用盆栽试验研究不同浓度氨基酸肥(分别稀释0、600、900、1 200和1 500倍)对硒处理(5 mg·kg^-1)下豆瓣菜生长与硒吸收的影响。结果表明,外源喷施氨基酸肥可以提高豆瓣菜地下与地上部分的生物量,促进叶片中叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量增加,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低可溶性蛋白含量。主成分分析结果表明,氨基酸肥900倍稀释液对豆瓣菜的生长促进作用最优,此时地下与地上部分生物量较对照分别显著增加了73.03%和56.65%。外源喷施氨基酸肥900~1 500倍稀释液还可以提高豆瓣菜根、茎和叶的硒总积累量,但对豆瓣菜根、茎、叶和地上部分的硒含量无积极作用。相关分析发现,豆瓣菜生物量、硒总积累量与叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、POD活性、SOD活性、CAT活性、土壤pH值呈正相关。综上说明,氨基酸肥可以促进豆瓣菜的生长,提高豆瓣菜对硒总量的积累。

关键词: 氨基酸肥, 豆瓣菜, 生物量

Abstract:

In order to improve the selenium absorption capacity of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.), pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of amino acid fertilizer (dilute 0, 600, 900, 1 200 and 1 500 times) on growth and selenium absorption of watercress under selenium treatment (5 mg·kg^-1). The results showed that exogenous application of amino acid fertilizer could increase the biomass of root and shoot of watercress, promote the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves, increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and reduce the content of soluble protein. The results of principal component analysis showed that 900 times dilution of amino acid fertilizer had the best growth promotion effect on watercress, and the root and shoot biomass increased significantly by 73.03% and 56.65% compared with the control, respectively. The application of 900-1 500 times dilution of amino acid fertilizer could also increase the total selenium accumulation in root, stem and leaf of watercress, but had no positive effect on the selenium content in root, stem, leaf and shoot of watercress. Correlation analysis showed that the biomass and total selenium accumulation of watercress were positively correlated with chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity and soil pH value. In conclusion, amino acid fertilizer can promote the growth of watercress and increase the total selenium accumulation in watercress.

Key words: amino acid fertilizer, watercress, biomass

中图分类号:

S645

肖家昶, 雷凤芸, 格桑, 马俊英, 贺茂林, 李艳文, 郑阳霞. 外源喷施氨基酸肥对豆瓣菜生长与硒吸收的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(7): 1638-1647.

XIAO Jiachang, LEI Fengyun, GE Sang, MA Junying, HE Maolin, LI Yanwen, ZHENG Yangxia. Effects of exogenous spraying of amino acid fertilizer on growth and selenium uptake of watercress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(7): 1638-1647.

图/表 8

参考文献 43

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氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	每株生物量Biomass per plant/g
氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	地上部Shoot	根冠比Root/shoot ratio
0	0.152±0.004 d	0.260±0.011 d	0.545±0.010 c	0.805±0.021 d	0.189±0.008 b
600	0.158±0.003 cd	0.388±0.007 c	0.577±0.017 c	0.965±0.024 c	0.164±0.001 c
900	0.263±0.005 a	0.453±0.013 a	0.808±0.018 a	1.261±0.031 a	0.209±0.007 a
1 200	0.225±0.003 b	0.433±0.008 ab	0.750±0.011 b	1.183±0.020 b	0.190±0.005 b
1 500	0.165±0.004 c	0.420±0.006 b	0.740±0.016 b	1.160±0.021 b	0.142±0.005 d

氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	每株生物量Biomass per plant/g
氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	地上部Shoot	根冠比Root/shoot ratio
0	0.152±0.004 d	0.260±0.011 d	0.545±0.010 c	0.805±0.021 d	0.189±0.008 b
600	0.158±0.003 cd	0.388±0.007 c	0.577±0.017 c	0.965±0.024 c	0.164±0.001 c
900	0.263±0.005 a	0.453±0.013 a	0.808±0.018 a	1.261±0.031 a	0.209±0.007 a
1 200	0.225±0.003 b	0.433±0.008 ab	0.750±0.011 b	1.183±0.020 b	0.190±0.005 b
1 500	0.165±0.004 c	0.420±0.006 b	0.740±0.016 b	1.160±0.021 b	0.142±0.005 d

氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content	总叶绿素含量 Total chlorophyll content	类胡萝卜素含量 Carotenoid content
0	0.291±0.005 c	0.130±0.002 b	0.421±0.007 c	0.044±0.005 c
600	0.312±0.006 b	0.135±0.006 ab	0.447±0.011 bc	0.047±0.003 c
900	0.355±0.007 a	0.148±0.002 a	0.503±0.009 a	0.061±0.003 a
1 200	0.350±0.006 a	0.147±0.008 a	0.497±0.014 a	0.057±0.004 ab
1 500	0.329±0.009 b	0.146±0.006 a	0.475±0.015 ab	0.050±0.001 bc

氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content	总叶绿素含量 Total chlorophyll content	类胡萝卜素含量 Carotenoid content
0	0.291±0.005 c	0.130±0.002 b	0.421±0.007 c	0.044±0.005 c
600	0.312±0.006 b	0.135±0.006 ab	0.447±0.011 bc	0.047±0.003 c
900	0.355±0.007 a	0.148±0.002 a	0.503±0.009 a	0.061±0.003 a
1 200	0.350±0.006 a	0.147±0.008 a	0.497±0.014 a	0.057±0.004 ab
1 500	0.329±0.009 b	0.146±0.006 a	0.475±0.015 ab	0.050±0.001 bc

氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	POD活性 POD activity/ (U·g^-1min^-1)	SOD活性 SOD activity/ (U·g^-1min^-1)	CAT活性 CAT activity/ (U·g^-1min^-1)	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content/ (mg·g^-1)
0	1 255±7.78 d	190.5±7.02 c	2.003±0.070 e	80.89±4.72 a
600	1 300±9.90 c	205.7±4.79 b	2.270±0.062 d	74.41±2.42 a
900	1 474±2.83 a	234.3±4.79 a	5.348±0.072 a	52.92±3.71 c
1 200	1 459±12.73 a	213.0±4.04 b	5.047±0.088 b	58.47±2.94 bc
1 500	1 378±16.97 b	207.6±2.34 b	2.843±0.087 c	62.30±2.38 b

外源喷施氨基酸肥对豆瓣菜生长与硒吸收的影响

Effects of exogenous spraying of amino acid fertilizer on growth and selenium uptake of watercress

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项目 Items	成分Component
项目 Items	F₁	F₂
根系生物量Root biomass	0.913	0.361
地上部分生物量Shoot biomass	0.968	-0.231
叶绿素a含量Chlorophyll a content	0.996	-0.057
叶绿素b含量Chlorophyll b content	0.940	-0.332
总叶绿素含量Total chlorophyll content	0.991	-0.123
类胡萝卜素含量Carotenoid content	0.980	0.165
POD活性POD activity	0.988	-0.050
SOD活性SOD activity	0.932	0.216
CAT活性CAT activity	0.943	0.203
可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content	-0.984	0.137
根系硒含量Se content in root	-0.635	0.770
地上部分硒含量Se content in shoot	-0.977	0.119
根系硒总积累量Se accumulation in root	0.651	0.733
地上部分硒总积累量	0.881	-0.474
Se accumulation in shoot
土壤有效硒含量Soil available selenium	-0.870	-0.415
土壤pH值Soil pH value	0.757	0.263
特征值Eigenvalue	13.18	2.06
贡献率Eontribution rate/%	82.35	12.87
累计贡献率Eumulative contribution rate/%	82.35	95.23

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氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	硒含量Selenium content
氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	地上部Shoot
0	4.090±0.047 a	0.895±0.025 a	1.376±0.036 a	2.271±0.044 a
600	3.778±0.105 b	0.800±0.008 b	1.286±0.029 a	2.087±0.015 b
900	3.505±0.107 c	0.722±0.022 c	1.032±0.040 c	1.754±0.044 d
1 200	3.173±0.068 d	0.760±0.027 bc	1.124±0.034 bc	1.883±0.005 c
1 500	2.913±0.060 e	0.759±0.035 bc	1.163±0.055 b	1.922±0.014 c

氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	硒含量Selenium content
氨基酸肥稀释倍数 Dilution ratio of amino acid fertilizer	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf	地上部Shoot
0	4.090±0.047 a	0.895±0.025 a	1.376±0.036 a	2.271±0.044 a
600	3.778±0.105 b	0.800±0.008 b	1.286±0.029 a	2.087±0.015 b
900	3.505±0.107 c	0.722±0.022 c	1.032±0.040 c	1.754±0.044 d
1 200	3.173±0.068 d	0.760±0.027 bc	1.124±0.034 bc	1.883±0.005 c
1 500	2.913±0.060 e	0.759±0.035 bc	1.163±0.055 b	1.922±0.014 c