三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期的代谢组分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250307

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 857-866.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250307

三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期的代谢组分析

于咏清¹^,²(), 唐红¹^,², 简杰亮², 顾志敏¹^,²^,^*(), 关文志²^,^*()

¹ 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306
² 浙江省农业科学院水生生物研究所, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-06-02
作者简介:于咏清,研究方向为鱼类遗传育种。E-mail:2796809589@qq.com
通讯作者: 顾志敏,关文志*顾志敏,E-mail:guzhimin2006@163.com;关文志,E-mail:gwzguan@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400605)

Metabolome analysis of embryos of Megalobrama terminalis at different developmental stages

YU Yongqing¹^,²(), TANG Hong¹^,², JIAN Jieliang², GU Zhimin¹^,²^,^*(), GUAN Wenzhi²^,^*()

¹ College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
² Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2025-04-15 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-06-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期代谢物的种类、动态变化规律及调控代谢通路,采用基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)的非靶向代谢组学方法对三角鲂原肠胚期(17 h)、神经胚期(25 h)、肌节形成期(32 h)、尾芽期(41 h)、肌肉效应期(50 h)和心跳期(58 h)的胚胎样品进行分析。结果显示,共检测出952种代谢物,主要涉及脂质和类脂分子、有机酸及其衍生物和有机杂环化合物等。差异代谢物比较分析显示,9,11-十四碳二烯二酰基肉碱和三聚乙醛为三角鲂胚胎发育32 h时的特有代谢物,墨蝶呤、硬脂醛和β-硝基丙酸为58 h时的特有代谢物。KEGG富集分析结果表明,核苷酸代谢、ABC转运蛋白和氨酰基tRNA生物合成等代谢通路,在三角鲂胚胎发育过程的遗传物质及蛋白质生物合成、能量代谢和信号传导等方面发挥重要的生物学功能。本研究结果可为提高三角鲂受精卵孵化率提供理论支持。

关键词: 三角鲂, 胚胎发育, 代谢组学, 差异代谢物, 高效孵化

Abstract:

To investigate the types, dynamic variation patterns and regulatory metabolic pathways of metabolites during different developmental stages of Megalobrama terminalis embryos, a non-targeted metabolomic approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was employed to analyze embryo samples collected at the gastrula stage (17 h), neurula stage (25 h), somitogenesis stage (32 h), tail bud stage (41 h), muscular effect stage (50 h) and heart beating stage (58 h). The results showed that a total of 952 metabolites were detected, mainly including lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and organoheterocyclic compounds. Comparative analysis of differential metabolites revealed that 9,11-tetradecadienedioylcarnitine and paraldehyde were unique to Megalobrama terminalis embryos at 32 h of development, while sepiapterin, stearaldehyde and β-nitropropionic acid were specific metabolites at 58 h. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that metabolic pathways such as nucleotide metabolism, ABC transporters and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis exerted important biological functions in the processes of genetic material and protein biosynthesis, energy metabolism and signal transduction during embryonic development of Megalobrama terminalis. The findings of this study can provide theoretical support for improving the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of Megalobrama terminalis.

Key words: Megalobrama terminalis, embryonic development, metabolomics, differential metabolites, high-efficiency hatching

中图分类号:

于咏清, 唐红, 简杰亮, 顾志敏, 关文志. 三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期的代谢组分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(5): 857-866.

YU Yongqing, TANG Hong, JIAN Jieliang, GU Zhimin, GUAN Wenzhi. Metabolome analysis of embryos of Megalobrama terminalis at different developmental stages[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(5): 857-866.

图/表 6

图1 三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期样本的主成分分析 H17、H25、H32、H41、H50、H58分别代表在胚胎发育17、25、32、41、50、58 h时取得的样品。QC为质控样本。PC1,第1主成分;PC2,第2主成分。

Fig.1 Principal component analysis (PCA) of embryonic samples at different developmental stages of Megalobrama terminalis H17, H25, H32, H41, H50 and H58 denote samples harvested at 17, 25, 32, 41, 50 and 58 hours post-fertilization. QC, Quality control sample. PC1, Principal component 1; PC2, Principal component 2.

图2 三角鲂胚胎发育代谢物分类统计饼图分类基于人类代谢组数据库(HMDB)进行。

Fig.2 Pie chart of metabolite classification and statistics during embryonic development of Megalobrama terminalis Classification is performed based on the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB).

图3 不同样品对比的差异积累代谢物数量 H25_vs_H17表示H25与H17样品对比,其他依此类推。

Fig.3 Number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in comparisons between different samples H25_vs_H17 represents comparison between samples H25 and H17, and so forth for the others.

图4 不同样品对比的差异积累代谢物VIP图 A~E依次展示H25、H32、H41、H50、H58与H17对比时的结果。

Fig.4 VIP diagram of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in comparisons between different samples A-E show the comparative results of H25, H32, H41, H50, H58 versus H17 in sequence.

图5 差异积累代谢物的KEGG代谢通路富集气泡图

Fig.5 Bubble plot of KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment for differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)

表1 三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期主要差异积累代谢物(DAMs)的积累量变化

Table 1 Dynamic changes in accumulation levels of major differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) during different embryonic developmental stages of Megalobrama terminalis

代谢途径 Metabolic pathway	DAMs	不同样品对比的FC(倍数变化)值 FC (fold change) values from comparisons between different samples
代谢途径 Metabolic pathway	DAMs	H25_vs_H17	H32_vs_H17	H41_vs_H17	H50_vs_H17	H58_vs_H17
核苷酸代谢	腺苷Adenosine	0.99	0.97^**	0.93^**	0.87^**	0.84^**
Nucleotide metabolism	肌苷Inosine	1.02^**	1.02^**	1.02^**	1.03^**	1.04^**
	6-去氢睾酮葡萄糖醛酸苷	1.01	1.03	0.87^**	0.88^**	0.88^**
	6-Dehydrotestosterone glucuronide
	胸腺嘧啶Thymine	1.06^**	1.09^**	1.07^**	1.04^**	1.02
	腺嘌呤Adenine	0.95^**	0.90^**	0.86^**	0.79^**	0.74^**
ABC转运蛋白	壳二糖Chitobiose	1.00	1.05^**	0.98	0.94^**	0.74^**
ABC transporters	生物素Bioepiderm	1.05^*	1.11^**	1.10^**	1.10^**	1.10^**
	L-亮氨酸L-Leucine	1.05	1.09^**	1.10^**	1.09^**	1.09^**
	L-异亮氨酸L-Isoleucine	1.02^**	1.04^**	1.05^**	1.05^**	1.05^**
	L-脯氨酸L-Proline	1.27^**	0.99^**	0.83^**	0.66^**	0.63^**
氨酰基tRNA生物合成	L-色氨酸L-Tryptophan	1.08^*	1.19^**	1.23^**	1.25^**	1.25^**
Aminoacyl-tRNA	L-缬氨酸L-Valine	1.03^**	1.05^**	1.05^**	1.06^**	1.06^**
biosynthesis	天冬氨酸Aspartic acid	1.03^**	1.05^**	1.05^**	1.06^**	1.05^**
	L-酪氨酸L-Tyrosine	1.02^**	1.05^**	1.07^**	1.08^**	1.09^**
	L-组氨酸L-Histidine	1.05^**	1.07^**	1.08^**	1.09^**	1.10^**

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三角鲂胚胎不同发育时期的代谢组分析

Metabolome analysis of embryos of Megalobrama terminalis at different developmental stages

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