温室番茄生理生态分析与温度预测模型构建

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250244

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 898-908.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250244

温室番茄生理生态分析与温度预测模型构建

张昊宇¹^,²(), 苗辰², 朱翠芳², 朱凯丽¹^,², 丁小涛²^,^*(), 姜玉萍¹^,^*()

¹ 上海应用技术大学城市建设与生态技术学部, 上海 201418
² 上海市农业科学院上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室, 上海 201403

收稿日期:2025-03-25 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-06-02
作者简介:张昊宇,研究方向为温室栽培。E-mail:zhanghy4453542@163.com
通讯作者: *丁小涛,E-mail:dingxiaotao@saas.sh.cn;姜玉萍,E-mail:yupingjiang@sit.edu.cn
基金资助:
上海市农业农村委农业科技创新项目(2024-02-08-00-12-F00001)

Physiological and ecological analysis of greenhouse tomato and construction of temperature prediction model

ZHANG Haoyu¹^,²(), MIAO Chen², ZHU Cuifang², ZHU Kaili¹^,², DING Xiaotao²^,^*(), JIANG Yuping¹^,^*()

¹ Department of Urban Construction and Ecological Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
² Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China

Received:2025-03-25 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-06-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究现代温室番茄生产中环境生态因子与植物生理生态的关系,本研究对温室内温度、太阳辐射强度、基质参数和茎流速率等因子进行了跨冬季、春季和夏季的监测,并选取典型天气进行分析。结果表明,叶片温度在冬季与空气温度相近,午间峰值仅相差约0.5 ℃;春季和夏季午间叶片温度较空气温度低约1.5 ℃。基质温度日变化滞后于空气温度日变化,冬季和春季滞后约3 h,夏季滞后约1 h,且夏季基质最高温度较空气温度高约2 ℃。基质含水量与温度变化趋势较为一致,而电导率在春季和夏季与含水量变化规律相反。茎流速率在冬季和春季较低,夏季较高,其日变化主要受空气温度调控。与晴天相比,阴雨天各参数日变化幅度均显著减小,但仍保持与空气温度、太阳辐射强度等因子的同步性。相关分析表明,叶片温度、基质温度、基质含水量、茎流速率均与空气温度和太阳辐射强度在p<0.01的统计学水平上呈显著相关,其中与空气温度的相关系数均在0.787以上。基于环境因子与天气状况构建的分段式叶片温度与基质温度预测模型的均方根误差(RMSE)均小于1 ℃,决定系数(R²)均大于0.93;阴雨天预测模型精度更高。本研究加深了对温室环境因子的认识,构建了叶片与基质温度预测模型,为温室环境调控提供了理论依据。

关键词: 温室环境, 叶片温度, 基质温度, 茎流, 温度模型

Abstract:

To investigate the relationship between environmental ecological factors and plant physiological ecology in modern greenhouse tomato production, temperature, solar radiation intensity, substrate parameters, and stemflow rate were monitored during winter, spring, and summer. Typical weather conditions were selected for analysis. The results showed that leaf temperature was similar to air temperature in winter, with a difference of only 0.5 ℃. At noon in spring and summer, leaf temperature was approximately 1.5 ℃ lower than air temperature. The diurnal variation of substrate temperature lagged behind that of air temperature, with a lag of 3 h in winter and spring and 1 h in summer. Moreover, the maximum substrate temperature in summer was about 2 ℃ higher than air temperature. Substrate moisture content varied consistently with temperature, whereas substrate electrical conductivity varied inversely with moisture content in spring and summer. Stemflow rate was lower in winter and spring and higher in summer, with its diurnal variation primarily dependent on air temperature changes. Compared with sunny days, the diurnal variation amplitude of all parameters decreased significantly on rainy days but still maintained consistent trends with air temperature and solar radiation intensity. Leaf temperature, substrate temperature, substrate moisture content, and stemflow rate were all significantly correlated with air temperature and solar radiation intensity at the statistical level of p<0.01, with correlation coefficients with air temperature exceeding 0.787. The segmented prediction models for leaf temperature and substrate temperature, based on environmental factors and weather conditions, had root mean square errors (RMSE) below 1 ℃ and coefficient of determination (R²) above 0.93. The accuracy of the prediction models was higher on rainy days. This study improves the understanding of greenhouse environmental factors and establishes prediction models for leaf and substrate temperatures, providing a theoretical basis for greenhouse environmental control.

Key words: greenhouse environment, leaf temperature, substrate temperature, stemflow, temperature model

中图分类号:

张昊宇, 苗辰, 朱翠芳, 朱凯丽, 丁小涛, 姜玉萍. 温室番茄生理生态分析与温度预测模型构建[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(5): 898-908.

ZHANG Haoyu, MIAO Chen, ZHU Cuifang, ZHU Kaili, DING Xiaotao, JIANG Yuping. Physiological and ecological analysis of greenhouse tomato and construction of temperature prediction model[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(5): 898-908.

图/表 10

图1 测量示意图

Fig.1 Instrumentation layout

图2 晴天不同季节叶片温度、温室空气温度与太阳辐射强度的日变化 A,冬季(1月12日至14日);B,春季(4月9日至11日);C,夏季(7月3日至5日)。

Fig.2 Diurnal variations of leaf temperature, greenhouse air temperature, and solar radiation intensity on sunny days in different seasons A, Winter (January 12-14); B, Spring (April 9-11); C, Summer (July 3-5).

图3 阴雨天不同季节叶片温度、温室空气温度与太阳辐射强度的日变化 A,冬季(1月18日至20日);B,春季(3月2日至4日);C,夏季(7月10日至12日)。

Fig.3 Diurnal variations of leaf temperature, greenhouse air temperature, and solar radiation intensity on cloudy and rainy days in different seasons A, Winter (January 18-20); B, Spring (March 2-4); C, Summer (July 10-12).

图4 晴天不同季节基质温度、含水量与电导率的日变化 A,冬季(1月12日至14日);B,春季(4月9日至11日);C,夏季(7月3日至5日)。

Fig.4 Diurnal variations of substrate temperature, water content, and electrical conductivity on sunny days in different seasons A, Winter (January 12-14); B, Spring (April 9-11); C, Summer (July 3-5).

图5 阴雨天不同季节基质温度、含水量与电导率的日变化 A,冬季(1月18日至20日);B,春季(3月2日至4日);C,夏季(7月10日至12日)。

Fig.5 Diurnal variations of substrate temperature, water content, and electrical conductivity on cloudy and rainy days in different seasons A, Winter (January 18-20); B, Spring (March 2-4); C, Summer (July 10-12).

图6 晴天不同季节茎流速率日变化 A,冬季(1月12日至14日);B,春季(4月9日至11日);C,夏季(7月3日至5日)。

Fig.6 Diurnal variations of stemflow rate on sunny days in different seasons A, Winter (January 12-14); B, Spring (April 9-11); C, Summer (July 3-5).

图7 阴雨天不同季节茎流速率日变化 A,冬季(1月18日至20日);B,春季(3月2日至4日);C,夏季(7月10日至12日)。

Fig.7 Diurnal variation of stemflow rate on cloudy and rainy days in different seasons A, Winter (January 18-20); B, Spring (March 2-4); C, Summer (July 10-12).

表1 生态因子间的相关性

Table 1 Correlation of ecological factors

生态因子 Ecological factor	空气温度 Air temperature	太阳辐射强度 Solar radiation intensity	叶片温度 Leaf temperature	基质温度 Substrate temperature	基质含水量 Substrate water content	基质电导率 Substrate electrical conductivity
辐射强度 Solar radiation intensity	0.520^**
叶片温度Leaf temperature	0.988^**	0.535^**
基质温度 Substrate temperature	0.949^**	0.386^**	0.226^**
基质含水量 Substrate water content	0.862^**	0.300^**	0.030	0.494^**
基质电导率 Substrate electrical conductivity	-0.128	-0.158	-0.209^*	-0.009	0.216^**
茎流速率Stemflow rate	0.787^**	0.653^**	0.137	-0.180*	0.519^**	-0.728^**

图8 叶片温度预测值与实测值对比 RMSE,均方根误差;R2,决定系数。下同。A,晴天;B,阴雨天;C,夜晚;■,预测值;―,1∶1直线。

Fig.8 Comparison of predicted and measured leaf temperatures RMSE,Root mean square error; R2, Coefficient of determination. The same as below. A, Sunny day; B, Cloudy and rainy day; C, Night; ■, Predicted value; ―, 1∶1 line.

图9 基质温度预测值与实测值的比较 A,晴天升温;B,阴雨天升温;C,晴天降温;D,阴雨天降温;■,预测值;―,1∶1直线。

Fig.9 Comparison of predicted and measured substrate temperatures A, Warm sunny day; B, Warm cloudy and rainy day; C, Cool sunny day; D, Cool cloudy and rainy day; ■, Predicted value; ―, 1∶1 line.

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温室番茄生理生态分析与温度预测模型构建

Physiological and ecological analysis of greenhouse tomato and construction of temperature prediction model

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