Optimum design of precise root cutting mechanism based on characteristics of garlic root disk

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.20

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 2174-2184.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.20

• Biosystems Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Optimum design of precise root cutting mechanism based on characteristics of garlic root disk

CHEN Jianneng^a^,^b(), ZHOU Yun^a, JIA Jiangming^a^,^b^,^*(), CHEN Tianlong^a, CAI Shuanglei^a, YU Chennan^a

a. College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
b. Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China

Received:2021-01-19 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-11-26
Contact: JIA Jiangming

Abstract

Abstract:

To achieve the precise root cutting of the garlic after cutting fiber to reduce the waste, a garlic precise root cutting mechanism was proposed. The design of this mechanism was based on the ideal root cutting locus, which was got from analysis of the root disk characteristics of garlic with a diameter range of 42 mm to 56 mm. The precise root cutting mechanism was designed, kinematics analysis model of the mechanism was established, root cutting mechanism analysis software was written, and influence of several key parameters on the root cutting effect was analyzed. Characteristics of the ideal root disk was taken as the goal, the optimization objective function of the root cutting mechanism parameters was established, and the optimal mechanism parameters that meet the requirements of the root cutting locus were got. Structure design of the root cutting mechanism and the whole root cutting machine was completed according to the best parameters, and development and test of the whole garlic root cutting machine were also accomplished. The test result was basically consistent with the ideal root cutting locus, which verified the rationality of garlic root cutting mechanism and correctness of the optimal design. The test showed that when conveyor line speed was 0.15 m·s^-1 and root cutting motor speed was 65 r·min^-1, success rate of garlic root cutting reached 86%, and garlic loss rate was 8.01%. Efficiency of root cutting machine could reach 100 heads per minute, which met the garlic processing requirements on the market.

Key words: garlic, root disk characteristics, root-cutting mechanism, parameter optimization

CLC Number:

S226.9

CHEN Jianneng, ZHOU Yun, JIA Jiangming, CHEN Tianlong, CAI Shuanglei, YU Chennan. Optimum design of precise root cutting mechanism based on characteristics of garlic root disk[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(11): 2174-2184.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig.1 Garlic size diagram d1, Garlic diameter; d2, Root diameter; l1, Garlic height; l2, Diameter height; l3, Root height.

Table 1 Statistical results of garlic size

规格 Specifications	大蒜直径 Garlic diameter/mm	大蒜高度 Garlic height/mm	径面高度 Diameter height/mm	根盘高度 Root height/mm	根盘直径 Root diameter/mm
1	42.3	33.75	13.27	4.21	12.12
2	46.2	34.16	11.94	4.55	14.55
3	51.6	36.35	13.28	4.68	16.46
4	55.8	37.93	13.16	4.86	18.23

Fig.2 Diagram of garlic root

Fig.3 Design drawing of garlic root cutting machine 1, Forward direction of placing plate; 2, Feeding position; 3, Pressing position; 4, Root cutting position; 5, Conveying line motor.

Fig.4 Structural diagram of garlic root cutting mechanism 1, Crank; 2, Connecting rod; 3, Rocker; 4, Frame; 5, Tool; 6, First gear; 7, Second gear; 8, Root plate; 9, Cutting track.

Fig.5 Software interface for simulation analysis of garlic root cutting mechanism 1, Menu bar; 2, Image display area; 3, Initial parameter input area; 4, Optimization parameter setting area; 5, Control area of optimization; 6, Output area of optimized results.

Fig.6 Relationship between L1 and root cutting track Since the corresponding three root cutting tracks overlapped at different L1 lengths, it was not conducive to observation, so the overall tool path was offset along the vertical direction on the basis of the actual root cutting tracks.

Fig.7 Relationship between L2 and root cutting track Since the corresponding three root cutting tracks overlapped at different L2 lengths, it was not conducive to observation, so the tool path as a whole was offset along the vertical direction on the basis of the actual root cutting track.

Fig.8 Relationship between L3 and root cutting track Since the corresponding three root cutting tracks overlapped at different L3 lengths, it was not conducive to observation, so the tool path as a whole was offset along the vertical direction on the basis of the actual root cutting track.

Fig.9 Relationship between L5 and root cutting track A, Root cutting locus; B, Relative position of the root disk and the cutting root locus.

Fig.10 Relationship between D and root cutting track A, Root cutting locus; B, Relative position of the root disk and the cutting root locus. Because the root cutting track overlapped at different D lengths, it was not conducive to observation, so the tool path as a whole was offset along the vertical direction based on the actual root cutting track.

Fig.11 Analysis diagram of garlic cross section 1, Root cutting track; 2, Garlic root disk; 3, Wasted garlic meat. Point K in the figure was the midpoint of the connection between hinge point C and hinge point D.

Fig.12 The extreme angle position of garlic cutting mechanism

Fig.13 Comparison of root cutting optimization trajectory

Fig.14 Cutter connecting rod assembly 1, Rocker shaft; 2, Blade; 3, Gear; 4, Drive shaft; 5, Drive shaft fixing seat; 6, Rocker; 7, Crank; 8, Connecting rod.

Fig.15 Schematic diagram of welding of cutter and bent plate

Fig.16 Garlic root cutting machine 1, Garlic conveying mechanism; 2, Garlic pressing mechanism; 3, Garlic root cutting mechanism; 4, Garlic placement plate assembly; 5,Compression cylinder; 6, Pressing assembly; 7, Conveying line motor; 8, Root cutting motor.

Fig.17 Diagram of proximity switch position 1, Compaction mechanism; 2, Root cutting blade; 3, Root cutting rocker; 4, Root cutting connecting rod; 5, Proximity switch 1; 6,Proximity switch 2.

Fig.18 Whole machine of garlic root cutting 1, Garlic placement plate assembly; 2, Conveyor line sprocket; 3, Conveyor line tensioning sprocket; 4, Conveyor line motor; 5, Pressing cylinder; 6, Lower pressure assembly; 7, Control box; 8, Root cutting position; 9, Root cutting mechanism; 10, Root cutting machine.

Table 2 Result of garlic root cutting experiment

编号 No.	输送线速度 Conveyor line speed/ (m·s^-1)	切根机构速度 Root cutting mechanism speed/(r·min^-1)	切根成功率 Root cutting success rate/%	蒜肉损失率 Garlic loss rate/%	整机切根效率/(头·min^-1) Cut root effectiveness of whole machine/(head·min^-1)
1	0.10	55	87.0	8.19	67
2	0.10	65	85.5	8.03	66
3	0.10	75	82.0	9.30	63
4	0.15	55	86.0	8.00	100
5	0.15	65	86.0	8.01	100
6	0.15	75	84.0	9.20	98
7	0.20	55	68.0	13.92	105
8	0.20	65	67.0	16.36	103
9	0.20	75	62.0	18.23	96

Fig.19 Garlic root cutting result

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Optimum design of precise root cutting mechanism based on characteristics of garlic root disk

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