Does urbanization promote development of agricultural mechanization?: an empirical study based on county level panel data of China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.21

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 2778-2788.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.21

• Agricultural Economy and Development • Previous Articles Next Articles

Does urbanization promote development of agricultural mechanization?: an empirical study based on county level panel data of China

WEI Zheng¹(), CAO Guangqiao²^,^*()

1. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
2. Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China

Received:2021-03-10 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-26
Contact: CAO Guangqiao

Abstract

Abstract:

In the present study, the county-level panel data of China, as well as the lighting data at night monitored by satellite characterizing the urbanization level, was used to empirically investigate the impact of urbanization level on the agricultural mechanization level in China and to explore its action mechanism. Besides, the heterogeneous impacts of urbanization on the development of agricultural mechanization under different terrain were also tested. It was found that with the improvement of urbanization level, the agricultural mechanization level was improved, and the robustness results strengthened this conclusion. Urbanization level in plain and hilly areas had positive effect on agricultural mechanization level, yet urbanization level in mountainous areas resulted in a negative impact on the agricultural mechanization level. Analysis of impact mechanism revealed that the transfer of labor force, the changes of planting structure and the improvement of rural transportation facilities were the main transmission ways for urbanization to promote the development of agricultural mechanization level.

Key words: urbanization, agricultural mechanization, nighttime lighting data, terrain

CLC Number:

S-9
F323.3

WEI Zheng, CAO Guangqiao. Does urbanization promote development of agricultural mechanization?: an empirical study based on county level panel data of China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(12): 2778-2788.

Figures/Tables 5

References 46

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变量类别 Variable category	变量名称 Variable name	变量符号 Variable symbol	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation
被解释变量 Explained variable	农业机械化水平 Agricultural mechanization level/(10⁴ kW)	y	35.70	36.75
解释变量 Explanatory variable	城市化水平 Urbanization level	x	5.54	5.06
中介变量	劳动力转移率 Labor transfer rate/%	Z₁	37.86	17.44
Mediating variable	作物种植结构 Crop planting structure/(10³ hm²)	Z₂	47.63	44.66
	农村交通设施 Rural transportation facilities/(m·km^-2)	Z₃	133.72	197.11
	耕地面积占比 Proportion of cultivated land/%	Z₄	28.22	19.37
控制变量	农业劳动力规模 Size of agricultural labor force	c₁	1.30	0.49
Control variable	农民收入水平 Farmer's income level/(10⁴ yuan)	c₂	0.42	0.22
	农业比较劳动生产率Agricultural comparative labor productivity/%	c₃	32.69	15.76
	户均耕地规模 Size of cultivated land per household/hm²	c₄	0.90	7.22
	工业化指数 Industrialization index/%	c₅	47.84	21.20
	金融支持 Finance support/%	c₆	44.19	27.33

变量类别 Variable category	变量名称 Variable name	变量符号 Variable symbol	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation
被解释变量 Explained variable	农业机械化水平 Agricultural mechanization level/(10⁴ kW)	y	35.70	36.75
解释变量 Explanatory variable	城市化水平 Urbanization level	x	5.54	5.06
中介变量	劳动力转移率 Labor transfer rate/%	Z₁	37.86	17.44
Mediating variable	作物种植结构 Crop planting structure/(10³ hm²)	Z₂	47.63	44.66
	农村交通设施 Rural transportation facilities/(m·km^-2)	Z₃	133.72	197.11
	耕地面积占比 Proportion of cultivated land/%	Z₄	28.22	19.37
控制变量	农业劳动力规模 Size of agricultural labor force	c₁	1.30	0.49
Control variable	农民收入水平 Farmer's income level/(10⁴ yuan)	c₂	0.42	0.22
	农业比较劳动生产率Agricultural comparative labor productivity/%	c₃	32.69	15.76
	户均耕地规模 Size of cultivated land per household/hm²	c₄	0.90	7.22
	工业化指数 Industrialization index/%	c₅	47.84	21.20
	金融支持 Finance support/%	c₆	44.19	27.33

变量 Variable	模型1 Model 1	模型2 Model 2	模型3 Model 3
x	0.408 4^***	0.466 1^***	-0.178 1^**
	(0.047 1)	(0.052 0)	(0.072 2)
x·c₂	—	-0.116 0^***	—
		(0.044 5)
x·c₃	—	—	0.027 3^***
			(0.002 6)
c₁	-0.835 0^*	-0.803 8	-0.929 5^*
	(0.490 6)	(0.490 7)	(0.488 7)
c₂	2.746 6^***	3.323 3^***	2.811 3^***
	(0.749 9)	(0.781 6)	(0.746 7)
c₃	0.007 3	0.006 3	-0.113 8^***
	(0.012 6)	(0.012 6)	(0.016 9)
c₄	0.135 7	0.136 8	0.132 7
	(0.122 5)	(0.122 5)	(0.122 0)
c₅	0.004 1	0.005 1	0.004 3
	(0.005 9)	(0.005 9)	(0.005 8)
c₆	-0.041 7^***	-0.041 7^***	-0.039 5^***
	(0.006 5)	(0.006 5)	(0.006 5)
常数项Constant	29.474 7^***	29.114 4^***	32.682 1^***
	(0.997 2)	(1.006 4)	(1.037 4)
R²	0.315 1	0.315 5	0.320 9

变量 Variable	模型1 Model 1	模型2 Model 2	模型3 Model 3
x	0.408 4^***	0.466 1^***	-0.178 1^**
	(0.047 1)	(0.052 0)	(0.072 2)
x·c₂	—	-0.116 0^***	—
		(0.044 5)
x·c₃	—	—	0.027 3^***
			(0.002 6)
c₁	-0.835 0^*	-0.803 8	-0.929 5^*
	(0.490 6)	(0.490 7)	(0.488 7)
c₂	2.746 6^***	3.323 3^***	2.811 3^***
	(0.749 9)	(0.781 6)	(0.746 7)
c₃	0.007 3	0.006 3	-0.113 8^***
	(0.012 6)	(0.012 6)	(0.016 9)
c₄	0.135 7	0.136 8	0.132 7
	(0.122 5)	(0.122 5)	(0.122 0)
c₅	0.004 1	0.005 1	0.004 3
	(0.005 9)	(0.005 9)	(0.005 8)
c₆	-0.041 7^***	-0.041 7^***	-0.039 5^***
	(0.006 5)	(0.006 5)	(0.006 5)
常数项Constant	29.474 7^***	29.114 4^***	32.682 1^***
	(0.997 2)	(1.006 4)	(1.037 4)
R²	0.315 1	0.315 5	0.320 9

变量 Variable	模型4 Model 4	模型5 Model 5	模型6 Model 6	模型7 Model 7	模型8 Model 8
x	0.626 4^***	0.516 8^***	0.382 7^***	—	—
	(0.050 2)	(0.052 5)	(0.047 7)
x₁	—	—	—	0.521 6^**	—
				(0.204 8)
x₂	—	—	—	—	0.443 1^***
					(0.069 0)
n	12 863	14 655	10 059	10 059	15 462
R²	0.313 6	0.313 1	0.216 4	0.210 7	0.313 4

Does urbanization promote development of agricultural mechanization?: an empirical study based on county level panel data of China

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变量Variable	β₁	θ₁	λ₁	λ₂
Z₁	0.408 4^*** (0.047 1)	0.071 9^*** (0.024 5)	0.403 3^*** (0.047 1)	0.0709^*** (0.016 6)
Z₂	0.408 4^*** (0.047 1)	0.175 1^*** (0.046 5)	0.372 5^*** (0.046 1)	0.205 0^*** (0.008 5)
Z₃	0.659 1^*** (0.092 8)	2.904 3^*** (0.382 2)	0.641 3^*** (0.093 3)	0.006 1^* (0.003 3)
Z₄	0.408 4^*** (0.047 1)	-0.000 7 (0.041 7)	0.408 4^*** (0.047 1)	0.020 3^** (0.009 1)

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