Impact of cultivation practices of leaf mustard on heavy metal content in its processed dried products

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250073

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 364-371.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250073

• Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products • Previous Articles Next Articles

Impact of cultivation practices of leaf mustard on heavy metal content in its processed dried products

ZHENG Yujie¹(), WANG Jing¹, ZHOU Chenhui², MEI Jianping³, ZHAO Fengliang⁴, ZHOU Yaping¹, MA Yingran¹, WEI Haonan¹, XU Shengke⁵, WANG Lailiang⁶, CUI Haifeng¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Microbiological Metrology, Measurement & Bio-Product Quality Security, State Administration for Market Regulation, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. Jinyun County Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Jinyun 321400, Zhejiang, China
3. Jinyun County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Jinyun 321400, Zhejiang, China
4. Zhejiang Caiweiju Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Lishui 321405, Zhejiang, China
5. Jinyun County Yuanfa Vegetables Farmer Cooperative, Jinyun 321400, Zhejiang, China
6. Lishui Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2025-01-23 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-24

Abstract

Abstract:

Leaf mustard is an important raw material for dried vegetable processing, yet it exhibits a strong ability to absorb heavy metals. Therefore, this study comparatively analyzed the effects of the cultivation environment, cultivation season, and different plant parts of leaf mustard on the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in the processed dried products. The results showed that heavy metals in the soil were the main factor affecting heavy metal residues in dried products, and the closer the leaf mustard planting site was to the highway, the higher the contents of Pb, Cd, and As in the dried products. The Pb contents in the yellow-dried products and black-dried products made from spring-sown leaf mustard were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those produced from winter-sown leaf mustard; the Cd content in the yellow-dried products made from spring-sown leaf mustard was also significantly lower than that of products made from winter-sown leaf mustard. The contents of Pb, Cd, and As in yellow-dried and black-dried products made from the outer part of winter-sown leaf mustard plants were significantly higher than those produced from the inner part. The research results can provide technical support for the safe production of dried vegetable products from leaf mustard.

Key words: leaf mustard, heavy metal content, cultivation environment, cultivation season

CLC Number:

ZHENG Yujie, WANG Jing, ZHOU Chenhui, MEI Jianping, ZHAO Fengliang, ZHOU Yaping, MA Yingran, WEI Haonan, XU Shengke, WANG Lailiang, CUI Haifeng. Impact of cultivation practices of leaf mustard on heavy metal content in its processed dried products[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(2): 364-371.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Photos of leaf mustard and its products A, Brassica juncea var. crispifolia; B, Spring-sown Brassica juncea var. crispifolia in the field; C, Black-dried products of Brassica juncea var. crispifolia.

Table 1 Contents of lead, cadmium and arsenic in soil

栽培地类型 Field type	铅含量 Lead content	镉含量 Cadmium content	砷含量 Arsenic content
P1	45.40±0.02 a	0.092±0.001 a	4.81±0.01 a
P2	45.30±0.01 a	0.073±0.000 b	4.26±0.02 b
P3	38.70±0.00 b	0.069±0.002 c	4.16±0.01 c
P4	33.70±0.01 c	0.055±0.002 d	4.97±0.01 a

Table 2 Contents of lead and cadmium in fresh leaf mustard samples

栽培地类型 Field type	铅含量 Lead content	镉含量 Cadmium content
P1	0.20±0.01 a	0.009±0.001 b
P2	0.13±0.03 b	0.017±0.002 a
P3	0.06±0.01 c	0.016±0.001 a

Table 3 Contents of lead and cadmium in different parts of leaf fresh mustard

部位 Part	铅含量 Lead content	镉含量 Cadmium content
外层Outer part	0.078±0.001 a	0.016±0.001 a
中层Middle part	0.064±0.001 a	0.014±0.001 a
内层Inner part	0.062±0.010 a	0.013±0.001 a

Fig.2 Impact of cultivation environment on lead, cadmium, and arsenic content in dried leaf mustard Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at p<0.05. The same as below. In A, D, G, the leaf mustard samples are planted in the field near the road. In B, E, H, the leaf mustard samples are planted in the field 30 m away from the road. In C, F, I, the leaf mustard samples are planted in the field 50 m away from the road. YP, Yellow-dried products; BP, Black-dried products.

Fig.3 Impact of plant parts on lead, cadmium, and arsenic contents in dried products of leaf mustard A, B and C show the results of yellow-dried products. D, E and F show the results of black-dried products. SV, Spring-sown leaf mustard; WV, Winter-sown leaf mustard.

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Impact of cultivation practices of leaf mustard on heavy metal content in its processed dried products

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