Abstract: The efficiency of germplasm resources in use has been improved greatly by establishing a core collection. In this study, 118 accessions were selected from 1 142 barely accessions as a core collection, which accounted for 10.33% of the overall resources. By different statistical methods such as comparison of mean using t-test, variance using F-test, phenotypic frequency distributions using χ2-test for the different traits, the core collection was validated to be a representative sample of the entire collection. Furthermore, the core collection among the individual showed greater variation and genetic diversity by comparison of Shannon\|weavers information index and Simpson information index between the primary core collection and the entire collection．

Key words: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), bred cultivars, core collection