Abstract: In the process of large-scale operation of agricultural land in the world， the family farm developed rapidly. At present， there were quite a lot of different opinions on what type of large-scale operation should be taken in China. The research was carried out to investigate the causes of long-learn existence of family farm in order to guide the management of Chinas farmland. This paper analyzed the reasons of the long-term existence of family farm from the farmers production advantage， the difficulty of social capital to enter agriculture production， the farmers survival problems caused by farm business and restrict of the agricultural technology level etc.

Key words: family farm, agricultural scale management, agrotechnical level, social capital