Archive

25 September 2013, Volume 25 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
论文


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

论文

Select

Analysis of maize seed quality in Zhejiang Province WANG Qi-tian;SHAO Lu-lu;HU Wei-min*;HU Jin* 2013, 25(5):  0-925.  Abstract ( 609 )   PDF (1226KB) ( 1124 )   Seed moisture content， purity， germination percentage， pest and disease infection rates， varietal purity of 68 maize cultivars in Zhejiang Province were tested in this study. The results showed that 13 cultivars were not qualified and the qualified rate was 80.9%. The qualified rates of waxy maize， sweet maize and normal maize were 84.2%， 61.1% and 100%， respectively. In addition， there were 12 maize cultivars which did not reach the standard of the package label， and the labeling qualified rate was 82.4%. The labeling qualified rates of waxy maize， sweet maize， normal maize were 81.6%， 72.2% and 100%， respectively. Finally， the improvement methods of seed quality were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cloning and sequence analysis of OmpA gene of 11 avian Pasteurella multocida strains GAO Ming-yan;XYU Bu*;GONG Jian-sen;WANG Xin;FAN Jian-hua;LIU Xue-xian 2013, 25(5):  0-956.  Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (784KB) ( 969 )   According to OmpA gene of Pasteurella multocida published in GenBank， a pair of primers was designed. OmpA genes were amplified from 11 avian Pasteurella multocida strains and 3 capsular-type reference strains （A， B， D） and then cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. The results showed that the ORFs of OmpA gene were between 1 047 bp to 1 077 bp. The predicted maturation protein composed of 327-332 amino-acid besides 21 amino-acid signal peptide. The relative molecular weight of the maturation protein was between 35.19 to 36.36 kD. The alignment results showed that the nucleotide sequence homologies were 85.3%-100% and the deduced amino acid homologies were 83.1%-100% in comparison with 12 reference OmpA sequences of Pasteurella multocida published in GenBank. The homologies of 6 avain Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from China OmpA sequences were 100%. The result revealed that the OmpA gene of avain Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from China is very conservative. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Grey correlation analysis of the soybeans main properties impacted by secondary metabolites of endophyte GONG Na;YANG Zhen;WANG Na;LI Xue-long;XIAO Jun;CHEN Xun;YANG Tao* 2013, 25(5):  0-937.  Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (418KB) ( 1023 )   The secondary metabolites of endophyte provide substantial resources for the development of new\|type， highly effective， broad\|spectrum and active substance. In order to explore the impact of different combinations of endophyte secondary metabolites on the main properties of soybean， the grey correlation degree analysis method is used to evaluate their application effect. Results showed that， from the perspective of the main morphological properties of soybean， the best combination was S1R25D25， whose correlation coefficient was 0.9765， followed by S0.5， whose correlation coefficient was 0.8310. For 100-seed weight value, S1R25D25 was the best treatment with 28.6% higher than CK. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression， purification and polyclonal antibody preparation of recombinant Lv-PEN-3 protein DU Zhi-qiang 2013, 25(5):  0-940.  Abstract ( 363 )   PDF (502KB) ( 970 )   In this paper， Litopenaeus vannamei penaeidin 3 was used as the research object. The construction of E. coli recombinant expression vectors， induced expression and purification of recombinant protein， and polyclonal antibody preparation were investigated respectively. The results showed that Lv-PEN-3 could be correctly expressed in E. coli expression system. And this recombinant protein possessed good immunity stimulation function. It could stimulate rabbit to produce corresponding antibody. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Modeling and visualization of 3D architecture of oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.） LI Dong;LIN Bao-gang;SHI Tong-xin;SHI Xue-qiang;ZHANG Dong-qing;*;XYU Zhi-fu;YE Hong-bao;SHI Xiao-yan 2013, 25(5):  0-932.  Abstract ( 387 )   PDF (2149KB) ( 978 )   It is very useful to simulate the growth process of oilseed rape, which is one of the most important cash crops in the world. But there were few architecture rape models because of the complexity of blades. In this study， the rapeseed cultivars Zheyou50 and Zheyou18， which were broadly planted in Zhejiang province， were used to be digitized. The plants were simulated and the blade area was calculated and analyzed. The methods can be used to build other plant models and the results would be used to build the population growth model of oilseed rape. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Detection and analysis of important breeding characters of Kunshan Ma Duck YANG Jian-sheng;HUA Guo-hao;YE Cai-fang;HU Liang;LIN Yyu-xin;SUN Ming-ming;SUN Da-hui;DAI Guo-jun;*;WANG Jin-yu 2013, 25(5):  0-945.  Abstract ( 314 )   PDF (485KB) ( 965 )   In order to reveal the hereditary characters of Kunshan Ma Duck， the important breeding characters， including reproductive performances， body measurements and meat traits， were measured and their relationships were analyzed in the reservation farm of Kunshan Ma Duck. The results showed that the variation coefficient of body measurements was lower than that of the meat traits， which implied that the genetic stability of meat traits were not better than that of body measurements. The percentages of half\|eviscerated and eviscerated weight of female ducks were greater than those of male ducks， which suggested that meat production of female ducks was higher than that of male ducks. The correlation analysis results showed that the relationships among alive weight， carcass weight， semi-eviscerated weight， eviscerated weight and breast muscle weight were all positive and significant at the 0.01 level， the coefficients were all higher than 0.828， the correlation coefficient between eviscerated weight and semi-eviscerated weight was 0.997， and determination coefficient （r2） was 0.994， the correlation coefficient between eviscerated rate and semi-eviscerated rate was 0.990， and r2 was 0.980. It would be concluded that the relationships of them were more closely， the selection for pre-slaughter weight could reflect the characters of carcass and eviscerated weight indirectly. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation and identification of chicken-derived Tembusu virus strain SN01 ZHANG Jing-feng;LI Yin;ZHAO Dong-min;HUANG Xin-mei;LIU Yyu-zhuo;NIU Hui-min 2013, 25(5):  0-960.  Abstract ( 433 )   PDF (534KB) ( 957 )   By using SPF chicken embryo and vero cell inoculation， a virus strain was isolated from liver and ovarian of the diseased layers that experienced egg drop， follicular atrophy and multiple organ hemorrhage in layer flock located in Jiangsu. The isolated virus can not agglutinate chicken and goose RBC and was sensitive to chloroform and ether. The viral nucleic acid was RNA. PCR screening indicated that the isolate was negative to avian influenza virus， New Castle Disease virus， egg\|laying reduction syndrome virus， infectious bronchitis virus， infectious laryngotracheitis virus, but positive to Tembusu virus. The sequence analysis showed that it had more than 99% homology with the Tembusu virus E gene published in GenBank and preserved in our laboratory. The results indicated that the isolated virus （SN01） was a kind of new Tembusu virus within the family of Flaviviridae， which was temporarily called chicken\|derived Tembusu virus. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of different thawing methods on post-thaw motility of cow semen in cryopreservation straws QIAO Li-min;QIAO Fu-qiang;GUO Tong;YAO Hua;*;XIAO Xi-shan;HOU Yin-yu;ZHANG Jing-he 2013, 25(5):  0-950.  Abstract ( 418 )   PDF (479KB) ( 971 )   The study compared the effects of different thawing temperatures （5， 15， 40， 75， 90℃） and times（1-120 s） on properties of post-thaw cow semen by detecting frozen-thawed semen motility， acrosome integrity and tail membrane integrity. The results showed that motile spermatozoa rate of frozen semen thawed at 75℃ for 3 s was the highest. A similar result was observed under thawing at 40℃ for 20 s. Under 5℃ and 15℃ thaw sperm motility was lower. Sperms defrosted at 90℃， the acrosome integrity and tail membrane integrity were significantly lower than those at 40℃（P<0.05） and 75℃（P<0.01）， and the sperm deformity rate was significantly higher than that treated at 40℃ and 75℃（P<0.05）. With the increasing of thawing temperature， the sperm effective survival time at 37℃ showed significant difference as 40℃>75℃>90℃. In conclusion， it was recommended that the frozen semen thawing at 75℃ for 3 s could be used for artificial insemination immediately. When a large number of cows need to be inseminated or thawed semen could not be inseminated immediately， in order to keep the sperm vitality for a longer time， the frozen semen thawing at 40℃ for 20 s would be suitable. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Polymorphism analysis of estrogen receptor gene PvuⅡ in 4\|6 generation of Sujiang pig TANG Xian\|wen;HAN Da\|yong;ZHOU Chun\|bao;NI Li\|gang 2013, 25(5):  0-970.  Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (1353KB) ( 984 )   In this paper， genetic variation of the estrogen receptor （ESR） gene in Sujiang pig breeding generations were studied. The results showed that: AA， AB and BB genotype existed in 4-6 generations. Allele frequencies of A were 71.67%， 66.67%， 68.33% in three generations and those of B were 28.23%， 33.33%， 31.67%， respectively. In three generations， the frequency of A allele was significantly higher than that of B allele （P<0.05）. Total first birth number of AA， AB and BB allele was not significantly different from each other and total number born of the second to the fourth birth of AA and AB allele differed from each other while that of BB was higher than AA and AB. In future breeding， the BB genotype pigs should be selected to increase the total number born of Sujiang pig. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of supplementing bamboo leaf extract on brain biochemical parameters of rat experiencing high intensity exercise LIU Li-jiang;XIONG Zheng-ying 2013, 25(5):  0-964.  Abstract ( 317 )   PDF (515KB) ( 935 )   In order to evaluate the feasibility of bamboo leaf extract （BLE） as an anti-fatigue supplements in sports training， the effect of high.intensity endurance training and supplementing BLE on brain biochemical parameters of rats was studied. Twenty four SD rats were randomly divided into quiet group， sport group and dosed sport group， with 8 rats in each. Sport group and dosed sport group experienced 6-week treadmill training. Dosed sport group was also fed 300 mg·kg-1·d-1 BLE suspension. The results showed that high-intensity endurance training caused significant decrease in SOD and CAT activity and T-AOC level， and significant increase in MDA content in brain， but taking BLE inhibited the downward trend of SOD and CAT activity and T-AOC level， the upward trend of brain MDA content and increased exhaustive exercise time by 28.87%. Above results indicated that BLE is suitable as raw material for anti-fatigue supplements. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Dwarfing effect of uniconazole on Curcuma alismatifolia and its tissue anatomy DING Hua-qiao;LIU Jian-xin*;WANG Wei-yong;ZOU Qing-cheng 2013, 25(5):  0-979.  Abstract ( 364 )   PDF (748KB) ( 968 )   The aim of this study was to change the shortcomings that the scape was too slender and prone to lodging， so as to meet the pot culture requirement and explore dwarfing mechanism of uniconazole on Curcuma alismatifolia cv. Chiang Mai Pink according to tissue anatomy. After being treated with different concentrations of uniconazole， the plant height and scape length decreased obviously， whereas diameters of both stem and scape increased a little. Moreover， 150 mg·L-1 uniconazole treatment could increase number of tillers obviously. By analyzing tissues structure of scape， the behavior that scape became short and thick was related to that the scape cells shortened in lengthways and largend in widthways. Based on microscopic observation of leaf epidermal cell， both upper and lower epidermal cell size decreased， and number of stomata increased in the treatment of uniconazole. Moreover， the upper epidermal stomata decreased， whereas lower epidermal stomata increased in the treatment of uniconazole. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Induction technology of lily bulb in tube ZHU Zhi-guo 2013, 25(5):  0-974.  Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (380KB) ( 1098 )   Based on the study of the induction of test-tube lily bulb， the efficient and steady system of the induction of lily bulb in tube was established. By using the lily bulb as the explants， the experiment analyzed the effect of different factors on induction of lily bulb in tube. The results indicated that the basic medium of MS， 1/2MS， B5 and N6 could induce the formation of the bulb， among which MS could induce a larger number， and was more beneficial for the formation of bulb induction than the others. Experiments also showed that inner bulbs had the highest induction rate among all different parts of the bulb as explants. The highest induction rate of bulb reached 78% in the medium containing 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA and 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA. Meanwhile， the induction rate was influenced by culture time， sugar sources and concentrations. The induction rate increased with the prolonging of culture time， and the highest induction rate was achieved in the treatment with addition of 30 g·L-1 sucrose. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genome-wide identification and analysis of WRKY transcription factors in Chinese cabbage JIANG Ming;MIAO Li-xiang;ZHANG Yyu-chao;GUAN Ming;PAN Xiao-cui 2013, 25(5):  0-986.  Abstract ( 609 )   PDF (2069KB) ( 1072 )   WRKY transcription factors act as important regulatory molecules， and exist in the form of gene family in higher plants. In this study， genome-wide identification and analysis of WRKY transcription factors in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis were performed with bioinformatic methods using genomic data. We identified 134 WRKY transcription factors with protein sequence length varying from 143 to 1 082. Their full length genomic DNA were 880 to 9 099 bp in size with 1-15 introns. Location analysis of WRKY genes indicated that they distributed on all 10 chromosomes. Most of the WRKYs were present on chromosome A3 （26）， while the fewest on A10 （4）. WRKY transcription factors can be divided into three major groups located at different branches of the phylogenetic tree. The gene numbers of Ⅰ， Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were 27， 83 and 24， respectively. Three new types of WRKY domains， WRKDGQK, WRKNGQK and WMKYGQK， were indentified in addition to conserved WRKYGQK and its common variant WRKYGKK sequences. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Development and application of SSR markers in Agaricus bisporus GU Min;SHEN Ying-yue;JIN Qun-li;FENG Wei-lin;SONG Ting-ting;TIAN Fang-fang;CAI Wei-ming;* 2013, 25(5):  0-993.  Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (979KB) ( 1038 )   A total of 112 primer pairs were successfully designed， of which 97 primers produced stable and specific bands in 39 Agaricus bisporus genotypes （including 31 single spore isolates and 8 other strains）. Twenty five primer pairs showed polymorphism among single spore isolates and 19 primer pairs followed the law of segregation in single spore isolates population. Further study showed that 67 alleles were detected with the average of 268.The average of Neis genetic diversity index （H） was 0.502 3. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.336 3 to 0.864 1 with an average of 0538 5. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on SSR data showed that these parental lines could be classified into two groups at the threshold of 0.46， which was related to their pedigree analysis. The results indicated that molecular markers was usable in map structure， analysis of genetic polymorphism in A.bisporus. It also provided the genetic basis for the breeding of new varieties of A.bisporus or the collection and management of germplasm resources. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparative study on extraction of genomic DNA from different parts of Helianthus tuberosus L. ZHAO Meng-liang;HAN Rui;LI Li* 2013, 25(5):  0-996.  Abstract ( 363 )   PDF (456KB) ( 1039 )   With the stems， young leaves and tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L.as experimental materials， the genome DNA were extracted with modified CTAB method and examined with 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis. The absorbance value of DNA from these parts was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer at A260 and A280 and the ratio of A260/A280 was used to determine the DNA purity and concentration. DNA extracted from these parts of Helianthus tuberosus L.was used as the template for ISSR amplification. The results showed the yield of DNA extracted from Helianthus tuberosus L.leaves was the highest， that from the stems was the second， and that from the tubers was the lowest. The purity of DNA extracted from these parts of Helianthus tuberosus L.was similar. The concentration of DNA extracted from Helianthus tuberosus L.leaves was the the largest （163.2 ng·μL-1） followed by that from stems （137.4 ng·μL-1）， and that from the tubers was the lowest （95.5 ng·μL-1）. The DNA template extracted from different parts of Helianthus tuberosus L.had no significant effect on ISSR amplification, and DNA concentration could achieve the amplification requirements. The DNA quality extracted from above three parts of Helianthus tuberosus L.was good and could be used in subsequent expermients such as digestion and PCR amplification. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Vitality test and storage method for bayberry pollen QI Xing-jiang;REN Hai-ying;ZHENG Xi-liang;QIU Li-jun;LIANG Sen-miao;ZHANG Zhen-zhen 2013, 25(5):  0-1001.  Abstract ( 384 )   PDF (920KB) ( 975 )   In order to find the best storage method for pollen of bayberry （Myrica rubra Sieb. & Zucc.）， the study on the optimal examination method for vitality of bayberry pollen was carried out. The results showed that bayberry pollen germinated best on the solid medium containing 15% sucrose， 0.01% boric acid and 1% agar in darkness at 22℃ for 10 h. The silica gel drying could extend the living time of bayberry pollen under 20℃. Compared with 20℃， lower temperature could significantly extend the living time of bayberry pollen. After storage for 100 days at 4℃， -20℃ and -80℃， the pollen germination rate was 12%， 37.5% and 48%， respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction and optimization of SRAP reaction system for Sanhua plum XIE Zhi-liang;LIU Cheng-ming;WU Zhen-wang;MA Jun;PENG Bing;FANG Shao-qiu;HE Ye-hua;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1006.  Abstract ( 272 )   PDF (971KB) ( 966 )   The plum cultivar Baicui Jimali 1 selected from Sanhua plum， was used to optimize the factors of SRAP-PCR step by step. The results indicated that the optimal SRAP-PCR system for Sanhua plum in a 25 μL PCR reaction consisted of 15 ng DNA template， 3.0 mmol·L-1 Mg2+， 0.25 μmol·L-1 primer， 0.3 mmol·L-1 dNTP， 1.0 U Taq DNA polymerase， 2.5 μL 10×Buffer and ddH2O. Application of this optimum reaction system in eighteen accessions of plum by 6％denaturing polyacrylamide gel produced clear polymorphic patterns. It is demonstrated that the optimal SRAP-PCR system can be used for molecular research of Sanhua plum. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison on seedling waterlogging tolerance of three cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch ZHANG Chen;ZHANG Hui-qin;XIAO Jin-ping;MA Chang-nian;XIE Ming;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1012.  Abstract ( 380 )   PDF (729KB) ( 987 )   Using three cultivars of one-year-old kiwifruit seedlings Hongyang （Actinidia chinensis）， White （Actinidia eriantha Benth.） and Bruno （Actinidia deliciosa） as materials， we studied the influence of water-flooding on waterlogging index（WI）， root activity， membrane permeability， MDA content and the activities of SOD， POD. The treatment lasted for 5 days. The results showed that the WI of three cultivars of kiwifruit seedlings were increased with the stress time and the WI of Bruno was the lowest. The root activity decreased under waterlogging， though White had the highest root activity and Bruno had the smallest decrease compared with Hongyang and White. The cell membrane permeability of leaf and MDA content showed increasing trends. On the fifth day of waterlogging treatment， the cell membrane permeability and MDA content increased smallest in the seedlings of Bruno. The activity of SOD and POD throughout the 5-day waterlogging period had an increasing-decreasing tendency and Bruno always maintained a relatively high level of both SOD and POD activities. Thus, the tolerance of Bruno under waterlogging is higher than White and Hongyang. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction of habitat for Acheilognathinae fish in waterfront park in Zhejiang Province PAN Cheng-cheng;CHEN Chu-wen*;DONG Yuan-liang;SHI Shuang-hong 2013, 25(5):  0-1018.  Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (1322KB) ( 918 )   In order to protect and recover Acheilognathinae fishs habitat in city waterfront park in Zhejiang Province and meet the peoples entertainment and sightseeing function requirements， we analyzed the life， feeding， breeding habits of Acheilognathinae fish in Zhejiang， discussed the habitat building method from four aspects including landscape pattern， plant groups， revetment design and bottom material choice， and proposed some suggestions to the design of waterfront buildings， waterfront roads and hydrophilic facilities. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation of cultivation and industrialization of edible-flower in Zhejiang Province YANG Shao-zong;LIU Xin-hong;*;FANG Ru;GAO Li-xian;JIA De-sheng 2013, 25(5):  0-1023.  Abstract ( 301 )   PDF (686KB) ( 976 )   The resources， large-scale cultivation and enterprises of edible-flower in Zhejiang Province were investigated. The investigation was carried out through reference research， telephone consultation and field investigation. It showed that the large-scale cultivation of edible-flower in Zhejiang was still in infancy， but the layout was rational. The pattern of edible-flower industrialization was rational but was impacted by the processing level of products to some degree. In conclusion， the industrialization of edible-flower in Zhejiang showed good momentum and bright prospect， but some questions also existed. Therefore， the countermeasures were proposed to solve the problems which occurred in the industrialization development， so as to guide the sound industrialization development of edible-flower in Zhejiang Province. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of growth characteristics and barrier methods of mite Siteroptes reniformis in tissue cultivation LI Wei-di;LIN Wen-cai;LYU Yao-bin* 2013, 25(5):  0-1035.  Abstract ( 444 )   PDF (727KB) ( 972 )   In order to effectively prevent the mold mites Siteroptes reniformis from infecting cultivation objects， and consequently， control the pollution of symbiotic Nigrospora oryzae， we studied the effect of symbiont on development of the mite and selected methods for avoiding infection of the mite. It was found that the majority of mite S. reniformis carried one or two mould N. oryzae spores， the percentage was 31.6% and 49.1% respectively. By investigating the effect of mould N. oryzae on infection and development of mite on cultural medium， we found that mold mites infected culture successfully when mites and mould existed at the same time. Moreover， only N. oryzae stimulated the development of mould mite when mite was fed with seven mould. The mite completed development at the temperature from 16℃ to 30℃， and the developmental duration was the shortest 7.2±0.3 d at the temperature of 30℃. However， the size of suffulation body and the fecundity were the largest when the temperature was 16℃， which were 1.88±0.05 mm in diameter and 78.4±1.7 per female， respectively. By using different barrier method， it was showed that the glass jar brushed with mineral oil with screwed lids covered with preservative film or glass jar with the lid wraped over with Parafilm@ was the most effective way to prevent mites entering the culture jar. In conclusion， the symbiotic mould N. oryzae and the adaptive temperature were important for development of mite S. reniformis， and suitable barrier methods are also useful for controlling the mite. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influencing factors on the production of Aphidus gifuensis in the tobacco floating-seedling system WANG Kua-ping;GAO Fu-hong;ZHAN You-guo;LI Zhong-huan;ZHANG Xiao-long;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1049.  Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (880KB) ( 986 )   Aphidus gifuensis is a dominant natural enemy of Myzus persicae playing an important role in controlling M. persicae. Breeding A. gifuensis by tobacco floating-seedling system has been developed， and has been applied in Yunnan province in a large scale， which suggested that such a way could be important in reducing the chemical pesticides consumption. In this paper， factors which affected the production of A. gifuensis in the tobacco seedling floating system were analyzed， and optimizations were proposed. Several technical bottlenecks were suggested to be further studied for exploring the industrial production and furthermore to encourage a broader range of applications. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Low-cost gateway-compatible bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay system ZHOU Jie;*;WANG Xyu-ming;*;Chen Bin;CHEN Juan;YANG Yong;YYU Chu-lang;YAN Cheng-qi;*;*;CHEN Jian-ping;*;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1030.  Abstract ( 408 )   PDF (1793KB) ( 1189 )   A gateway-compatible bimolecular fluorescence complementation（BiFC） assay system as well as a low-cost vector for entry cloning was constructed. With newly designed entry vector and gateway technology， target genes were quickly recombined to the BiFC destination vectors and introduced to tobacco leaves with Agrobacterium-mediated injection， and the interactive fluorescence under confocol microscope was observed. Gateway entry vector developed in this study has a very low background for gene cloning. Due to the ccdB gene， the nonlinear vector cannot survive in ccdB sensitive strains after transformation， thus eliminating the background of the vector. After the digestion of XcmⅠ， the linearized entry vector has a T overhang at 3’， and the PCR product can be efficiently ligated to the vector as same as a commercial T vector. Therefore the vector developed in this study can be easily prepared in laboratory and applied to TA cloning， which greatly reduced the cost for entry cloning. With the BiFC destination vectors produced in this study， the target gene can be quickly recombined to the destination vectors and used for gene interaction assay. With the gateway system developed in this study， genes can be efficiently cloned and applied to interaction assay with a lower cost. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Field experimental screening of pheromone blends of high attractive effect on male moths of the striped stem borer Chilo suppressalis Walker （Lepidoptera: Pyralidae） LIN Xian-wen;ZHOU Yin;ZHAO Min;ZHU Jin-liang;DU Yong-jun;Cheng Jia-an;ZHU Zeng-rong;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1042.  Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (1020KB) ( 955 )   A series of field screening experiments were carried out to compare the effiency of different compositions of pheromone in capillary during the second generation of adults of Chilo suppressalis in 2007 in three sites， i.e. Hangzhou， Tonglu and Jiaxing， in Zhejiang province， China. The experiment used the water-pan trap and cylindric trap， and was in a complete randomized block design. The number of male moths trapped was counted daily to compare the trapping effect of different composition and dosage of pheromone constituents. The results showed that the blends coded as CS2007247A and CS2007247B were the most attractive to male moths of Chilo suppressalis. The trapping capability of the lure degraded as a negative power function with the increase of exposure date. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation and identification of fungal pathogens of Atractylodes macrocephala TAN Guo-yin;YANG Zhi-ling*;YUAN Zhi-lin;YANG Xyu 2013, 25(5):  0-1055.  Abstract ( 533 )   PDF (1048KB) ( 1045 )   Diseased Atractylodes macrocephala were sampled in Panan， Zhejiang Province during June and August， 2011. Several fungus， 4 from stems （R1～R4） and 8 from leaves （L1～L8）， were isolated. The results determined by Kochs postulates indicated that R1 and R2 could cause stem\|rot disease， while L3 could cause leaf spot on Atractylodes macrocephala. Through morphological and molecular identification， R1， R2 and L3 were Fusarium oxysporum， Fusarium incarnatum and Alternaria longipes， respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of microorganism agents in the composting of chicken manure WANG Dao-ze;XIE Guo-xiong;LI Dan;YANG Wen-ye;WANG Jing-wen 2013, 25(5):  0-1078.  Abstract ( 468 )   PDF (583KB) ( 1097 )   The effects of 4 kinds of microorganism agents on the composting of chicken manure were studied. The results showed that microorganism agents could significantly increase fermentation temperature during early period of composting， extend high-temperature time， and accelerate dehydration of compost materials and the maturity of composting. Compared with the control， the temperature in the compost inoculated with microorganism agents was 12℃-20℃ higher at the beginning of fermentation， and the time of compost maturity was shortened by about 12-13 days. Moreover， addition of microorganisms could also accelerate the degradation of organic matter and decline C/N ratio. The pH value in the compost inoculated with microorganism agent of No. 2 was the lowest among all microorganism agents studied, indicating it could control the loss of nitrogen to some extent. Overall， microorganism agents of No. 2 and No. 3 were better than other two agents in the application of chicken manure compost. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparative analysis of microbial community structures in soils from rice-upland crop rotation fields by PLFA profile technique YU You-ping;CAI Xin-zhong;ZHU Xiao-xiang;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1061.  Abstract ( 431 )   PDF (583KB) ( 1024 )   Rotation is an economical and efficient measure to control crop soil-borne diseases. To further understand its mechanism， in this study， the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profiles of soils from different cropping fields were analyzed by employing PLFA profiling technique. The results showed that in soils from rice-cotton and rice-maize rotation fields， the content of total PLFAs was higher than that from rice-rice continuous cropping fields， which was lower than that of uncontinuous cropping. Results of soil microbial community structure analysis indicated that bacteria were predominant， followed by fungi and actinomycetes， in soils from all fields. However， content of each type of microbes， especially bacteria， was higher in soils from rotation cropping fields than that in continuous cropping fields. Collectively， these results revealed that both amount and composition of microbial community varied in soils from different cropping fields， and rice\|upland crop rotation increased the microbial amount and significantly altered the microbial composition. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of soil nutrient condition under different vegetation patterns of small watershed in Aohan County GUO Yue-feng;YAO Yun-feng;*;QIN Fu-cang;QI Wei;CHEN Li-fen;SHAN Yyu-bing 2013, 25(5):  0-1067.  Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (599KB) ( 946 )   In this paper， we analyzed the main soil nutrients of different soil layers in different vegetation patterns in Huanghuadianzi small watershed in Aohan County of Chifeng city. The result showed that in different vegetation patterns， the secondary forest, of natural bush had an obvious effect on the nutrient and concentration of organic. In the artificial forest， mingled forest had a better improving effect on soil than the pure forest, and natural grassland had the smallest effect. In the same vegetation patterns， organic， total nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium and microbial C presented an overall reduction trend with the deepening of soil layer, while pH presented an increasing trend except 40-60 cm soil layers. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of different fertilizer rates and application times on the yield and qualities of mat rush（Juncus effusus L.） DONG Zuo-zhen;DONG Lan-xue;WANG Fei;WANG Fei-jun;WANG Bin;HUANG Tao;HUANG Cheng-wu;WU Liang-huan;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1073.  Abstract ( 371 )   PDF (554KB) ( 981 )   The mat rush （Juncus effusus L.） is a cash crop which demands large amounts of fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different fertilizer rates and application times on the yields， qualities， and partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen （PFPN） of mat rush. The results indicated that when the 100% rate of tested fertilizer was applied， and the application times were reduced from 11（conventional fertilization） to 7 times， compared with the conventional fertilization， there was significant decline in yield and PFPN， while the quality declined slightly; when application times was reduced to 9， the yield and PFPN increased slightly， and the quality improved， especially the rate of long stem （P<005）. When the application rate of tested fertilizer was reduced to 80% and 60% of total rate， the yield declined significantly， while the quality decreased in some degree， and the PFPN increased or significantly increased. The conclusion was that the tested fertilizer could help to reduce the application times for 2 times and to improve the efficiency of fertilization. The proper application rate of tested fertilizer was around 2 822 kg·hm-2. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Impact of different organic fertilizers on different forms of organic carbon and carbon pool management index in a newly-built greenhouse vegetable soil LI Chuan-zhang;GAO Li-juan;*;LI Ji-jin;LIU Ben-sheng;ZOU Guo-yuan;SUN Qin-ping;XU Jun-xiang 2013, 25(5):  0-1085.  Abstract ( 363 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1013 )   A field experiment was conducted to determine effects of 6 treatments including no fertilization （CK）， conventional fertilization （CM）， corn straw plus chicken manure （SM）， peat plus chicken manure（PM）， mushroom residue plus chicken manure （MM） and high level of chicken manure （HM） on different soil active organic carbon and carbon pool management index（CPMI）. The results showed that soil total organic carbon （TOC）， easily oxidized organic carbon （LOC）， microbial biomass carbon （MBC）， water soluble organic carbon （DOC） were significantly influenced by the amount and type of organic fertilizers. Both improved carbon input and combined application of different organic fertilizers greatly increased different forms of organic carbon content， and thereafter improved soil CPMI. The MM treatment has the most significant increase effect on the contents of SOC， LOC， MBC， DOC. The MM treatment increased these forms of carbon contents by 36%-182% compared with CK treatment and carbon pool management index by 28% compared with SM， PM， and HM treatments. Significant relationships were found among soil LOC， MBC， DOC， CPMI and TOC. Therefore， the results demonstrated that the selection of organic fertilizers and its combined application would make the soil carbon pool in a benign state and achieve better fertilizing effect in organic agricultural production. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of EDTA on Cu absorption and accumulation of Iris pseudacorus and Iris lactea var. chinesis ZHANG Kai-ming;LI Xiao-hong;GUO Nan;YUAN Hai-yan;HUANG Su-zhen;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1091.  Abstract ( 344 )   PDF (648KB) ( 954 )   The effects of EDTA on Cu absorption， accumulation and physiological and biochemical parameters in Iris pseudacorus L. and Iris lactea var. chinesis（Fisch.）Roide were studied by hydroponic method. The results showed that addition of EDTA （0.28 and 0.55 mmol·L-1） relieved the toxicity of Cu （0.55 mmol·L-1） as indicated by the increased biomass of the two plant species compared with Cu treatment alone. However， under Cu stress， addition of 1.10 mmol·L-1 EDTA showed negative effect that the biomass of two plants decreased compared with 0.28 and 0.55 mmol·L-1 EDTA treatments. Addition of EDTA （0.28-0.55 mmol·L-1） promoted the transference of Cu from root to shoot in two plants. The highest total Cu accumulation of shoots of the two plants was observed in 055 mmol·L-1 EDTA treatment. The mitigating effect of EDTA on Cu stress was also showed by the increased contents of proline and decreased MDA contents in the leaves of Iris pseudacorus L. and Iris lactea var. chinesis（Fisch.）Roide. There was no significant effect when the concentration of EDTA was higher than 055 mmol·L-1, indicating that the accumulation of Cu in roots decreased, as well as the shoots. But higher concentration of EDTA（1.10 mmol·L-1） could lead to the decrease in biomass of two plant species, which showed that higher EDTA concentration could result in toxicity. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation and analysis on the heavy metal contents of organic fertilizers in Zhejiang Province ZHONG Hang;LOU Feng 2013, 25(5):  0-1095.  Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (365KB) ( 1140 )   The experiment investigated 953 organic fertilizer samples in Zhejiang Province during 2009-2013. The results of investigation showed that average content of As， Hg， Pb， Cd and Cr in organic fertilizer samples was 9.53，0.42，31.8，1.25，71.0 mg.kg-1，respectively， which was below standard criteria. But the heavy metal contents in some samples exceeded standard requirements. The excessive percentage of As， Hg， Pb， Cd and Cr was 8.3%， 2.3%， 9.0%， 3.9%， 5.2%， respectively. There were two reasons for the presence of high heavy metal content in organic fertilizers. One reason was that heavy metal contents in raw material were out of limits. Another was that the raw materials were not accord with the standard. In order to ensure the quality and safety of organic fertilizer， we proposed some corresponding measures. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Survey on the community of benthic macro-algae in Gouqi island of Zhejiang Province ZENG Yan-ping;MA Jia-hai*;CHEN Bin-bin;CAI Yong-chao;GAO Song 2013, 25(5):  0-1102.  Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (616KB) ( 1015 )   We conducted a survey to study the diversity index and seasonal fluctuation of benthic algal community in the intertidal zones of Gouqi island of Zhejiang Province in 2011. Results showed that 65 species were identified belonging to 4 phylums， among which 42 species belong to Rhodophyta， 11 species belong to Phaeophyta， 11 species belong to Chlorophyta， and 1 species belongs to Cyanophyta. The seasonal alternation of benthic algae species was obvious that spring had the largest number， followed by winter， then autumn， and summer had the least. The seasonal variation of biomass of the community declined as spring> autumn >summer>winter. Dominant species of algal community in Gouqi island were Sargassum horneri， Corallina sessilis， Sargassum thunbergii， Scytosiphon lomentarius， Ulva pertusa， Undaria pinnatifida， Chondria crassicaulis， Gelidium divaricatum and Sargassum fusiforme. The seasonal variation of the index of diversity can be described as spring > autumn > summer > winter. The results suggested that the community structure of benthic macro-algae in Gouqi island is relatively stable. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Regional ecological security evaluation based on P-S-R model in Chaoyang District， Beijing SHANG Shu;YUE De-peng*;CAO Rui;ZHANG Yi-chao;WU Ni-tu 2013, 25(5):  0-1109.  Abstract ( 348 )   PDF (798KB) ( 1012 )   According to ecological security status and major ecological problems in Chaoyang District， Beijing， the study chose 15 characteristic special indicators to build the index system of ecological security evaluation based on the pressure-state-response （P-S-R） model. Based on the determination of the weight of index with the help of analytic hierarchy process， comprehensive evaluation is used to assess the ecological security situation in Chaoyang District from 2007 to 2010. The results showed that the aggregated index was 0.5315 and 0.5470， respectively in 2007 and 2008， which meant the eco-security level of Chaoyang District from 2007 to 2008 was in a poor state; the values for the period from 2009 to 2010 varied from 0.5547 to 05556， which meant the eco-security level was in an average state. In general， the eco-security index was low and the state of ecological security in Chaoyang District was poor， but the overall situation was getting better year by year. The ecological construction management and decision-making could be supported in light of the results obtained for a better ecological situation in Chaoyang District. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Design of performance testing system for the positive displacement pump used in crop protection equipment XYU Jun;XYU Jian-yong;QI Ji-bao;WANG Bin;CHEN Jian 2013, 25(5):  0-1118.  Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (541KB) ( 999 )   The positive displacement pump used in crop protection equipment， is mainly used for drug spraying of economic trees and field crops， and also for areas such as daily cleaning， sanitation and disinfection. Based on the requirements of industrial development and enhancing testing capabilities， it is inevitable to design a performance testing system with higher level of automation and intelligence. The positive displacement pump performance indicators， including volumetric efficiency and overall efficiency， are the basis for the design of performance testing system. The main design includes a universal mounting platform with multi\|degrees of freedom， a high-precision flow measurement device using weighting method and a control system with technology of sensor and computer， and the mathematical model of performance and fitting curve used in the performance testing system. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Determination of ciguatoxin in coral fish by ASE-SPE-HPLC/MS/MS method ZHOU Xiu-jin;ZHOU Xiang-yang;SHAO Hong-hong;YAN Jian-bo;FU Mi\|ni 2013, 25(5):  0-1113.  Abstract ( 380 )   PDF (413KB) ( 1040 )   Ciguatera fish poisoning （CFP） was a global food-borne illness caused by consumption of sea food containing ciguatoxin （CTX）. P-CTX-1 had been suggested to be the most toxic CTX， which caused ciguatera at 01μg in the flesh of carnivorous fish. A sensitive and rapid method for the detection of ciguatoxin in coral fish using ASE-SPE-HPLC/MS/MS was developed in the study. The calibration curve of P-CTX1 showed good linearity in the range of 1.0-50.0 μg·kg-1 with correlation coefficient of 0.99. The validated method had limits of detection （LOD） and quantification （LOQ） of 0.03 μg·kg-1 and 0.1μg·kg-1， respectively， for matrix-based standard solutions， as well as matrix spike recoveries ratio above 95%. Compared with previous methods， this method had better overall recovery and extraction efficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Multimedia knowledge database system of agricultural diseases and pests and its diagnosis and control ZHANG Hong;YU Jun 2013, 25(5):  0-1123.  Abstract ( 287 )   PDF (584KB) ( 1050 )   In the information age， the development of agriculture not only needs adopting the agricultural technology， but also needs expanding the ways of dissemination and promotion of agricultural knowledge and technology， which are applied effectively in various fields of agriculture by the means of information technology. This project mainly starts from the information of the current status and requirements of pest and disease control， and develops a knowledge database system with B/S structure which is based on J2EE platform and Spring， Struts2 and other open-source frameworks. The popularization of the knowledge and control technique of agricultural diseases and pests through the digital information service means will help agricultural technicians and farmers to understand various plant diseases and pests with respect to their occurrence， diffusion， identification method and control technology and achieve the effective control of agricultural pests. The database system will promote the development of Zhejiang agriculture and rural information construction. It is importanat for “new socialist countryside” construction and has a wide prospect of application. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of the agricultural policy support changes in the United States of America CAI Hai-long 2013, 25(5):  0-1129.  Abstract ( 315 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1112 )   The U.S.A. is the largest producer and exporter of agricultural products in the world and its agricultural policy changes have a significant impact on world agricultural market. This paper summarized the evolution of U.S.A. agricultural policy and analyzed the changes of policy support level. The results showed that the U.S.A. policy support level increased but producer support decreased and the level was below the Chinas 4 major producer subsidies. The U.S.A. subsidy was mainly concentrated on bulk products and the bigger farm got more subsidy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Grey relational analysis on the effective factors of new countrysides logistics development-the case of seven counties in Hangzhou TANG Qi-yao;PENG Jian-liang* 2013, 25(5):  0-1141.  Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (642KB) ( 1040 )   The improvement of rural logistics can effectively guarantee the circulation speed and goods value. It can enhance the peasants living standard and push forward the progress of new countryside construction. In this paper， with the method of grey relational analysis， we calculated the data in seven counties between 2003 and 2011. The results showed that GDP of countryside， rural fixed assets investment， operational consumption influenced the development of countrysides logistics a lot. On the basis of the results， we suggested that we should focus more on the economic construction， enhance the rural fundamental construction， stimulate peasants productive consumption and make the rural logistics infrastructure construction in accord with the need. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The empirical research of financing environment and model innovation of co-operatives in Zhejiang Province YANG Da-rong 2013, 25(5):  0-1136.  Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (882KB) ( 975 )   The co-operatives grew gradually， and the contradiction between demand and supply of funds is also increasingly prominent.The article empirically analyzed the financing situation， compared the advantages and disadvantages of the major model of external “seed fund” and internal model based on the survey on financing situation of 100 co-operatives in Zhejiang Province. Main factors affecting the financing of co-operatives were found. Solutions including training strengthen， the effective integration of the non-formal financial institutions and formal financial institutions， the innovation of financing content and services， the regulation of the informal financial institutions and the multi-support model were proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on the influence factors of Chinas grain security in terms of supply and demand SHI Chang-liang;WANG Zhong-ping* 2013, 25(5):  0-1152.  Abstract ( 331 )   PDF (715KB) ( 1005 )   From the perspectives of the demand and supply， the research studied the influence factors of Chinas grain security with the method of systematical analysis. The results indicated that grain sowing area， damage area， effective irrigation area， cultivated area and the total power of agricultural machinery were the key factors that influenced the coefficient of grain security of China; the basic role of effective irrigation area and grain sowing area in guarantying national food security had been weaken; while the effects of total power of agricultural machinery， price fluctuation of agricultural means of production and urbanization rate on grain security had been constantly strengthened. However， the natural disasters will bring negative effects on grain security both in long-term and short-term. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Causes of long-term existence of family farm HUANG Yan-ting;CUI Rui* 2013, 25(5):  0-1146.  Abstract ( 315 )   PDF (679KB) ( 1017 )   In the process of large-scale operation of agricultural land in the world， the family farm developed rapidly. At present， there were quite a lot of different opinions on what type of large-scale operation should be taken in China. The research was carried out to investigate the causes of long-learn existence of family farm in order to guide the management of Chinas farmland. This paper analyzed the reasons of the long-term existence of family farm from the farmers production advantage， the difficulty of social capital to enter agriculture production， the farmers survival problems caused by farm business and restrict of the agricultural technology level etc. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Empirical studies on leading industries selection of modern agriculture in Wanzhou District ZHANG Feng-long;*;TONG Hong-zhi;*;XIE Bi-wu 2013, 25(5):  0-1158.  Abstract ( 342 )   PDF (586KB) ( 1047 )   The scientific and rational selection of leading industries of modern agriculture is fundamental industry support for the construction of new countryside and rural economic development. Based on economics theory， this paper constructed the index system of leading industries of modern agriculture and highlighted some of the indicators measured. At the same time， in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, taking Wanzhou as an example of empirical analysis， results showed that， the top five leading industries of Wanzhou modern agriculture development, tobacco， dairy， aquaculture， fruit and vegetable， should be priority to cultivate. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of 2-in researches of fruit trees LI Xiao-peng;XIE Zhen-qiang;ZHANG Yan-yi;MU Qian;WANG Chen;FANG Jing-gui;* 2013, 25(5):  0-1166.  Abstract ( 507 )   PDF (1208KB) ( 1012 )   Proteomics is one of the research focuses in post\|genomics era. In this article， the proteome researches of fruit trees were reviewed， including the optimization of two\|dimensional electrophoresis system and its application in the fruit trees growth and development， stress responses， hormone response and postharvest processing. At last， the application prospect of proteome research in fruit trees was discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress on the effect of elicitors on controlling postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables XYU Qing-qing;CHEN Hang-jun;GAO Hai-yan;*;SONG Li-li 2013, 25(5):  0-1172.  Abstract ( 381 )   PDF (724KB) ( 1150 )   This paper reviewed the categories and mechanisms of the disease-controlling-elicitors, which are applied on the processing of harvested agricultural products. The elicitors discussed here included salicylic acid（SA）, jasmonates（JAs）, NO, chitosan, benzothiadiazole（BTH）and Harpin protein. The current problems and future potential applications of these elicitors were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics