Abstract: The scientific and rational selection of leading industries of modern agriculture is fundamental industry support for the construction of new countryside and rural economic development.
Based on economics theory， this paper constructed the index system of leading industries of modern agriculture and highlighted some of the indicators measured. At the same time， in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, taking Wanzhou as an example of empirical analysis， results showed that， the top five leading industries of Wanzhou modern agriculture development, tobacco， dairy， aquaculture， fruit and vegetable， should be priority to cultivate.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir, Wanzhou, modern agriculture, leading industries, index system, empirical analysis