Effects of different water and fertilization on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of greenhouse muskmelon under drip irrigation condition

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.12.17

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 2370-2380.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.12.17

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different water and fertilization on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of greenhouse muskmelon under drip irrigation condition

YUE Wenjun¹(), HE Wenxue¹, DING Chunmei¹, BAI Yu¹, ZHOU Yingjie¹, XI Hui²^,^*()

1. College of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. Institute of Environment, Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2020-09-18 Online:2021-12-25 Published:2022-01-10
Contact: XI Hui

Abstract

Abstract:

Water and nitrogen are two important factors affecting crop growth. In facility agriculture, farmers blindly irrigate and fertilize for obtaining high yield, which leads to lots of problems such as reduced yield, decreased quality, soil salinization, and soil fertility destruction. Aiming at the problem of unreasonable irrigation and fertilization of muskmelon in greenhouse in Hangjiahu area of southeast China, effects of different water and nitrogen inputs on dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and distribution, yield and quality of melon in greenhouse were studied by drip fertilization under membrane. It can provide a theoretical basis for high quality and high yield of melon and efficient utilization of water and fertilizer in greenhouse. According to data from a mini-meteorological station inside the greenhouse, crop water requirement (ET_c) was calculated by modified Penman-Monteith formula. There were 60% of ET_c (W₁), 80% of ET_c (W₂), 100% of ET_c (W₃) three water levels and 70 (N₁), 105 (N₂), 140 kg·hm^-2 (N₃) three nitrogen levels, setting up conventional furrow irrigation fertilization CK (ET_c, 140 kg·hm^-2) for comparison, a total of 10 treatments, application completely randomized block design of experiment. Compared with traditional furrow fertilization (CK), the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of melon leaves of treatment W₃N₃ under drip fertilization was increased by 52.3% and 39.0%, respectively. The dry matter increased by 40.96 g (39%) in the mature period. The accumulations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of a whole plant increased by 75.40%, 88.20% and 67.08%, respectively. Yield of melon was increased by 6.78 t·hm^-2, or 35.27%. Under drip irrigation, increasing irrigation and nitrogen application can significantly improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption, and thus increase yield. The principle component analysis method was used to evaluate the muskmelon quality, and the results showed that comprehensive principle component could represent 91.27% total quality index, the highest comprehensive evaluation was obtained in W₂N₂. The integrated drip irrigation and fertilizer technology of melon in greenhouse can achieve the purpose of improving quality and increasing yield as well as efficient utilization of water and fertilizer. Under the condition of drip irrigation and fertilization, the amount of nitrogen applied is N₃ (140 kg·hm^-2) and the amount of irrigation water is W₃ (1.0 ETc), the amount of dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and yield of melon were the highest. When both yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency were pursued, W₃N₂ treatment could obtain higher yield and nitrogen partial productivity. When it came to melon quality and water use efficiency (WUE), W₂N₂ treatment maximized V_C, soluble sugar, soluble solids and high WUE.

Key words: muskmelon, greenhouse, dry matter accumulation, yield, quality

CLC Number:

S652

YUE Wenjun, HE Wenxue, DING Chunmei, BAI Yu, ZHOU Yingjie, XI Hui. Effects of different water and fertilization on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of greenhouse muskmelon under drip irrigation condition[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(12): 2370-2380.

Figures/Tables 10

References 41

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灌水量	施氮量	产量	氮肥偏生产力	灌溉水生产率	氮素吸收量	磷素吸收量	钾素吸收量
Irrigation amount	Nitrogen application rate	Yield/(t· hm^-2)	PFPN/ (kg·kg^-1)	IWUE/ (kg·m^-3)	N uptake/ (g·plant^-1)	P₂O₅ uptake/ (g·plant^-1)	K₂O uptake/ (g·plant^-1)
传统灌水施肥CK		19.21 fg	137.21 i	10.88 g	2.23 g	0.70 g	2.70 g
低水W₁	低氮N₁	18.55 g	265.02 c	16.29 c	2.03 h	0.64 h	2.49 h
	中氮N₂	19.66 f	187.20 f	17.26 b	2.43 f	0.78 f	2.92 f
	高氮N₃	20.66 e	147.59 h	18.15 a	2.83 d	0.91 d	3.39 d
中水W₂	低氮N₁	21.69 d	309.84 b	14.93 d	2.65 e	0.85 e	3.19 e
	中氮N₂	23.13 c	220.25 e	15.92 c	3.09 c	1.03 c	3.63 c
	高氮N₃	23.82 bc	170.14 g	16.40 c	3.48 b	1.17 b	4.05 b
高水W₃	低氮N₁	24.34 b	347.71 a	13.78 f	3.02 c	1.01 c	3.54 c
	中氮N₂	25.41 a	242.02 d	14.39 e	3.45 b	1.20 b	4.04 b
	高氮N₃	25.99 a	185.61 f	14.71 de	3.91 a	1.31 a	4.50 a

灌水量	施氮量	产量	氮肥偏生产力	灌溉水生产率	氮素吸收量	磷素吸收量	钾素吸收量
Irrigation amount	Nitrogen application rate	Yield/(t· hm^-2)	PFPN/ (kg·kg^-1)	IWUE/ (kg·m^-3)	N uptake/ (g·plant^-1)	P₂O₅ uptake/ (g·plant^-1)	K₂O uptake/ (g·plant^-1)
传统灌水施肥CK		19.21 fg	137.21 i	10.88 g	2.23 g	0.70 g	2.70 g
低水W₁	低氮N₁	18.55 g	265.02 c	16.29 c	2.03 h	0.64 h	2.49 h
	中氮N₂	19.66 f	187.20 f	17.26 b	2.43 f	0.78 f	2.92 f
	高氮N₃	20.66 e	147.59 h	18.15 a	2.83 d	0.91 d	3.39 d
中水W₂	低氮N₁	21.69 d	309.84 b	14.93 d	2.65 e	0.85 e	3.19 e
	中氮N₂	23.13 c	220.25 e	15.92 c	3.09 c	1.03 c	3.63 c
	高氮N₃	23.82 bc	170.14 g	16.40 c	3.48 b	1.17 b	4.05 b
高水W₃	低氮N₁	24.34 b	347.71 a	13.78 f	3.02 c	1.01 c	3.54 c
	中氮N₂	25.41 a	242.02 d	14.39 e	3.45 b	1.20 b	4.04 b
	高氮N₃	25.99 a	185.61 f	14.71 de	3.91 a	1.31 a	4.50 a

灌水量	施氮量	维生素C	可溶性糖	可溶性固形物	可溶性蛋白	有机酸
Irrigation amount	Nitrogen application rate	Vitamin C/ (mg·kg^-1)	Soluble sugar/%	Soluble solids/%	Soluble protein/%	Organic acid/%
传统灌水施肥CK		14.63 d	7.61 d	8.28 e	13.03 d	1.45 de
低水W₁	低氮N₁	14.54 d	7.60 d	8.16 e	12.96 d	1.39 e
	中氮N₂	15.45 cd	8.64 c	9.38 d	14.49 c	1.85 bc
	高氮N₃	15.06 cd	7.67 d	8.54 e	13.34 d	1.71 cd
中水W₂	低氮N₁	16.63 b	9.67 b	9.32 d	15.59 b	1.79 c
	中氮N₂	18.14 a	10.86 a	11.33 a	16.76 a	2.52 a
	高氮N₃	17.26 b	10.26 ab	10.43 b	16.52 ab	2.01 bc
高水W₃	低氮N₁	15.07 cd	8.64 c	8.53 e	13.13 d	1.74 c
	中氮N₂	15.63 c	9.89 b	9.93 c	13.85 cd	2.11 b
	高氮N₃	15.21 cd	8.76 c	9.24 d	13.54 cd	1.93 bc

灌水量	施氮量	维生素C	可溶性糖	可溶性固形物	可溶性蛋白	有机酸
Irrigation amount	Nitrogen application rate	Vitamin C/ (mg·kg^-1)	Soluble sugar/%	Soluble solids/%	Soluble protein/%	Organic acid/%
传统灌水施肥CK		14.63 d	7.61 d	8.28 e	13.03 d	1.45 de
低水W₁	低氮N₁	14.54 d	7.60 d	8.16 e	12.96 d	1.39 e
	中氮N₂	15.45 cd	8.64 c	9.38 d	14.49 c	1.85 bc
	高氮N₃	15.06 cd	7.67 d	8.54 e	13.34 d	1.71 cd
中水W₂	低氮N₁	16.63 b	9.67 b	9.32 d	15.59 b	1.79 c
	中氮N₂	18.14 a	10.86 a	11.33 a	16.76 a	2.52 a
	高氮N₃	17.26 b	10.26 ab	10.43 b	16.52 ab	2.01 bc
高水W₃	低氮N₁	15.07 cd	8.64 c	8.53 e	13.13 d	1.74 c
	中氮N₂	15.63 c	9.89 b	9.93 c	13.85 cd	2.11 b
	高氮N₃	15.21 cd	8.76 c	9.24 d	13.54 cd	1.93 bc

序号	特征值	贡献率	累积贡献率
	Eigen value	Proportion/%	Cumulative proportion/%
1	4.56	91.27	91.27
2	0.32	6.44	97.71
3	0.08	1.54	99.24
4	0.03	0.62	99.86
5	0.01	0.14	100

Effects of different water and fertilization on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of greenhouse muskmelon under drip irrigation condition

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指标 Indicators	特征向量 Eigenvectors
指标 Indicators	P₁	P₂	P₃	P₄	P₅
X₁	0.455	-0.357	0.161	0.564	-0.567
X₂	0.453	0.114	-0.822	0.018	0.059
X₃	0.460	0.212	0.221	-0.721	-0.418
X₄	0.437	-0.618	0.181	-0.194	0.597
X₅	0.431	0.658	0.339	0.352	0.378

灌水量 Irrigation amount	施氮量 Nitrogen application rate	综合主成分(E) Integrate component	排序 Rank
传统灌水施肥CK		-2.336	9
低水W₁	低氮N₁	-2.529	10
	中氮N₂	-0.187	5
	高氮N₃	-1.595	8
中水W₂	低氮N₁	0.913	3
	中氮N₂	4.175	1
	高氮N₃	2.453	2
高水W₃	低氮N₁	-1.242	7
	中氮N₂	0.795	6
	高氮N₃	-0.447	4

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