Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.10

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 2669-2681.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.10

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress

LIU Tao¹(), CHEN Hairong², WANG Chengzhong³, REN Li²^,^*(), ZHANG Di¹^,^*()

1. Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2. Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
3. Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, China

Received:2021-08-16 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-26
Contact: REN Li,ZHANG Di

Abstract

Abstract:

Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis Big Blue was taken as the experimental material under drought and salt treatments, to explore the tolerance to drought and salt stress at the level of resistance physiology to provide scientific guidance for its application under drought and salt stress treatments. Results showed that A. praecox could have resistance for about 30 d under drought stress. The semi-lethal NaCl concentration was about 1.29%. The results of physiological indexes showed that the cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde content and total soluble protein content continued to rise under both stress treatments. The chlorophyll content under drought stress firstly increased and then decreased. Under drought stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased under 30-day drought stress and then decreased, while catalase (CAT) activity continued to decrease. Under salt stress, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes all showed a downward trend. qRT-PCR results showed distinctive results that Cu/Zn-SOD, POD, APX and GPX responded to the drought stress, while Cu/Zn-SOD, POD and GPX were involved in responding to the salt stress. The results of the principal component analysis indicated that membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of A. praecox can evaluate the tolerance to drought,while antioxidant enzyme activity indicated the tolerance to salt.

Key words: Agapanthus praecox, drought stress, salt stress, physiological responses, principal component analysis

CLC Number:

S682

LIU Tao, CHEN Hairong, WANG Chengzhong, REN Li, ZHANG Di. Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(12): 2669-2681.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Target genes and primer sequences of qRT-PCR

基因名称 Gene name	引物序列 Primer sequences/(5'→3')	退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃
Ap-Actin	CAGTGTCTGGATTGGAGG	54.9
	TAGAAGCACTTCCTGTG	49.8
Cu/Zn-SOD	GCAGTGAGGGAGTGAAGG	57.2
	TGCAGCCATTTGTGGTAT	50.3
Fe-SOD	GCTCCTGCATTCCCTGTG	57.2
	AACATTGTGGCCGACGAA	52.6
POD	ACAACCCTTGTCTATTCACG	53.4
	TTCACCAACCGCCTCTAC	54.9
CAT	GGCACTTGCACCTCTTGC	57.2
	ACCACTTTCACCACCACC	54.9
APX	ACAAGCGGGCGGAAGACA	57.2
	TGGGCAGGTGCCACAAAG	57.2
GPX	CATGGGAAAGCCAGGATC	54.9
	CGATTTCACCGTCAAGGA	52.6

Fig.1 Plant morphology of Agapanthus praecox under drought (A) and salt (B) stress

Fig.2 Soil moisture (A) and fresh weights of Agapanthus praecox under drought (B) and different salt concentration (C) stress treatments Different lowercases in the same column indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in soil moisture or fresh weights of A. praecox in different time under drought stress treatment.

Fig.3 Physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under drought (A-H) and salt (I-P, 1.29% NaCl concentration) stress treatments The unit of total soluable protein was standardized as per gram of plant dry weight, and the unit of other physiological indexes (eccept relative electrical conductivity) was standardized as per milligram of protein. Different lowercases in the same column indicate significant (P<0.05) differences in physiological indexes of A. praecox in different time under drought or salt stress treatment.

Table 2 Correlation analysis of resistance physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under drought stress treatment

指标Index	Chl	TSP	Pro	MDA	SOD	POD	CAT
R_EL	0.821	0.339	0.885^*	0.942	-0.346	-0.693	-0.757
Chl		0.815	0.524	0.841	-0.382	-0.751	-0.866
TSP			-0.047	0.444	-0.318	-0.563	-0.639
Pro				0.697	0.031	-0.306	-0.665
MDA					-0.636	-0.894^*	-0.609
SOD						0.891^*	-0.119
POD							0.343

Table 3 Correlation analysis of resistance physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under salt stress treatment

指标Index	Chl	TSP	Pro	MDA	SOD	POD	CAT
R_EL	0.817	-0.816	-0.817	0.681	-0.873	-0.861	-0.976^*
Chl		-0.859	-0.994^**	0.701	-0.993^**	-0.989^*	-0.850
TSP			0.907	-0.964^*	0.850	0.923	0.921
Pro				-0.774	0.982^*	0.996^**	0.870
MDA					-0.680	-0.791	-0.824
SOD						0.986^*	0.886
POD							0.908

Fig.4 Relative expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in Agapanthus praecox under drought (A-F) and salt (G-L, 1.29% NaCl concentration) stress treatments Different lowercases in the same column indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in relative expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in A. praecox in different time under drought or salt stress treatment.

Table 4 The principal component analysis of comprehensive appraisal of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress treatments

主成分 Principal components		干旱胁迫 Drought stress			盐胁迫 Salt stress
主成分 Principal components		1	2	3	1
特征值 Eigenvalues		5.132	1.688	1.181	6.870
贡献率 Contribution/%		64.146	21.096	14.758	85.872
累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution/%		100	85.872
特征向量Eigen vectors	x₁	0.181	0.152	-0.223	-0.129
	x₂	0.186	0.025	0.250	-0.131
	x₃	0.124	-0.135	0.624	-0.142
	x₄	0.128	0.360	-0.376	0.132
	x₅	0.188	-0.049	-0.215	-0.118
	x₆	-0.101	0.481	0.227	0.143
	x₇	-0.166	0.303	0.108	0.145
	x₈	-0.151	-0.309	-0.306	0.136
对应抗性生理指标		MDA、TSP	SOD、Pro	Chl、Pro	SOD、POD
Corresponding physiological indexes

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Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress

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