Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221510

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2354-2363.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221510

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits

YANG Di¹(), ZHANG Naiqun¹^,^*(), WANG Xueyong², ZHANG Jun³^,^*(), WANG Xinjun³

1. College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, Henan, China
2. Huangshi’an Administration of Henan Funiu Mountain National Nature Reserve, Nanyang 473000, Henan, China
3. College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi, China

Received:2022-10-27 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the characteristics of wild Actinidia chinensis germplasm resources in Funiu Mountain and screen out excellent germplasm, the wild A. chinensis resources in this area were investigated and collected. Combined with geographical factors, 13 quantitative phenotypic traits such as leaf length, leaf width and petiole length were analyzed and compared by variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the variation of 13 quantitative traits ranged from 10.81% to 47.56%, and the genetic diversity index ranged from 2.90 to 2.94. The size of fruit core and relative core size were significantly different at different longitudes, and the size of fruit core and fruit width were significantly different at different dimensions, and the quantitative traits were closely related to each other. The 19 wild A. chinensis germplasms collected from Funiu Mountain could be divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis. There were 7, 3 and 9 germplasms in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. The germplasms in group Ⅱ had large leaves, large fruits and moderate proportion. In summary, Funiu Mountain wild A. chinensis had rich phenotypic diversity. According to the phenotypic characteristics of the germplasm, 3 excellent germplasms were screened out, which could be used for breeding and production development.

Key words: Funiu Mountain, Actinidia chinensis, phenotypic diversity, leaf, fruit

CLC Number:

S663.4

YANG Di, ZHANG Naiqun, WANG Xueyong, ZHANG Jun, WANG Xinjun. Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2354-2363.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

Table 1 Collection information list of 19 wild Actinidia chinensis germplasms

编号No.	经度Longitude/E	纬度Latitude/N	海拔Altitude/m	果实形状Fruit shape
ZH1	111°45'19.65″	33°35'11.99″	919.0	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH2	111°45'20.97″	33°35'11.21″	930.5	椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular
ZH3	111°45'19.68″	33°35'11.55″	897.9	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH4	111°45'17.48″	33°35'14.96″	886.5	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH5	111°45'17.45″	33°35'15.17″	894.9	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH6	111°45'18.29″	33°35'18.99″	926.5	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH7	111°45'19.63″	33°35'22.72″	951.7	椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular
ZH8	111°45'17.68″	33°35'15.55″	906.4	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH9	111°45'17.49″	33°35'15.17″	909.7	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH10	111°45'9.32″	33°35'9.30″	845.1	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH11	111°45'9.31″	33°35'8.90″	840.5	椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular
ZH12	111°44'58.61″	33°34'56.83″	826.2	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH13	111°44'19.15″	33°34'55.05″	734.0	椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular
ZH14	111°43'5.85″	33°38'6.15″	825.8	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH15	111°43'6.34″	33°38'8.12″	818.2	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH16	111°42'29.36″	33°38'40.15″	842.3	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH17	111°42'29.62″	33°38'40.10″	841.0	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH18	111°41'58.08″	33°39'24.35″	944.8	长圆形Long elliptic
ZH19	111°41'57.86″	33°39'24.49″	928.2	长圆形Long elliptic

Table 2 Analysis of quantitative trait variation and genetic diversity of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

性状 Traits	$x -$ ± $S x -$	极差 Extreme difference	最小值 Minimum value	最大值 Maximum value	变异系数 CV/%	遗传多样性指数 H'
叶长Leaf length/cm	12.30±2.10	11.32	7.34	18.66	17.07	2.93
叶宽Leaf width/cm	14.03±1.65	9.77	9.92	19.69	11.76	2.94
叶柄长Petiole length/cm	9.82±1.67	17.6	1.01	18.61	17.01	2.93
叶形指数Leaf index	0.88±0.14	0.87	0.68	1.55	15.91	2.93
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length	0.83±0.20	1.87	0.12	1.99	24.10	2.92
果实纵径Fruit length/cm	3.88±0.67	2.52	2.63	5.15	17.27	2.93
果实横径Fruit width/cm	3.46±0.38	1.76	2.60	4.36	10.98	2.94
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm	3.89±1.85	4.09	2.45	6.54	47.56	2.92
果形指数Fruit shape index	1.11±0.12	0.66	0.75	1.41	10.81	2.94
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length	1.05±0.35	1.68	0.58	2.26	33.33	2.90
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm	0.88±0.28	1.62	0.45	2.07	31.82	2.91
相对果心大小Relative core size	0.25±0.06	0.32	0.15	0.47	24.00	2.92
单果重Single fruit weight/g	25.77±7.28	24.19	14.87	39.06	28.25	2.91

Table 2 Analysis of quantitative trait variation and genetic diversity of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

性状 Traits	$x -$ ± $S x -$	极差 Extreme difference	最小值 Minimum value	最大值 Maximum value	变异系数 CV/%	遗传多样性指数 H'
叶长Leaf length/cm	12.30±2.10	11.32	7.34	18.66	17.07	2.93
叶宽Leaf width/cm	14.03±1.65	9.77	9.92	19.69	11.76	2.94
叶柄长Petiole length/cm	9.82±1.67	17.6	1.01	18.61	17.01	2.93
叶形指数Leaf index	0.88±0.14	0.87	0.68	1.55	15.91	2.93
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length	0.83±0.20	1.87	0.12	1.99	24.10	2.92
果实纵径Fruit length/cm	3.88±0.67	2.52	2.63	5.15	17.27	2.93
果实横径Fruit width/cm	3.46±0.38	1.76	2.60	4.36	10.98	2.94
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm	3.89±1.85	4.09	2.45	6.54	47.56	2.92
果形指数Fruit shape index	1.11±0.12	0.66	0.75	1.41	10.81	2.94
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length	1.05±0.35	1.68	0.58	2.26	33.33	2.90
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm	0.88±0.28	1.62	0.45	2.07	31.82	2.91
相对果心大小Relative core size	0.25±0.06	0.32	0.15	0.47	24.00	2.92
单果重Single fruit weight/g	25.77±7.28	24.19	14.87	39.06	28.25	2.91

Table 3 Effect of longitude on quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

经度 Longitude/E	性状Trait
经度 Longitude/E	果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm	相对果心大小 Relative core size
111°41'	0.75±0.11 b	0.25±0.01 b
111°42'	0.92±0.12 b	0.25±0.04 b
111°43'	1.51±0.30 a	0.38±0.01 a
111°44'	0.84±0.25 b	0.22±0.06 b
111°45'	0.79±0.17 b	0.23±0.03 b

Table 4 Effect of latitude on quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

纬度 Latitude/N	性状Trait
纬度 Latitude/N	果实横径 Fruit width/cm	果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm
33°34'	3.76±0.09 a	0.84±0.25 ab
33°35'	3.36±0.31 ab	0.79±0.17 ab
33°38'	3.81±0.38 a	1.21±0.39 a
33°39'	3.04±0.25 b	0.75±0.11 b

Fig.2 Correlation analysis between geographical factors and quantitative traits

Table 5 Principal component analysis of quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain

数量性状 Quantitative traits	主成分Principal component
数量性状 Quantitative traits	1	2	3	4	5	总载荷量Total loadings
叶长Leaf length	0.224	-0.674	0.083	0.624	-0.120	0.137
叶宽Leaf width	0.037	0.126	0.073	0.937	-0.041	1.132
叶柄长Petiole length	0.128	0.702	0.034	0.376	-0.038	1.202
叶形指数Leaf index	0.168	-0.803	0.013	0.007	-0.085	-0.7
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length	-0.070	0.953	-0.010	-0.133	0.057	0.797
果实纵径Fruit length	0.884	-0.094	0.373	0.233	-0.046	1.35
果实横径Fruit width	0.472	-0.113	0.644	0.427	0.062	1.492
果柄长Fruit stalk length	-0.038	0.058	-0.059	-0.030	0.992	0.923
果形指数Fruit shape index	0.940	-0.054	-0.027	-0.051	-0.218	0.59
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length	-0.494	0.109	-0.227	-0.140	0.809	0.057
果心大小Size of fruit core	0.168	-0.016	0.966	0.163	-0.080	1.201
相对果心大小Relative core size	0.040	0.052	0.950	-0.066	-0.163	0.813
单果重Single fruit weight	0.598	-0.200	0.309	0.562	-0.231	1.038
特征值Eigenvalue	5.055	2.435	1.556	1.457	1.113
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/%	38.884	18.727	11.969	11.205	8.560
累计贡献率Contribution rate/%	38.884	57.611	69.580	80.786	89.346

Fig.3 Clustering map of 19 wild Actinidia chinensis germplasms in Funiu Mountain based on Euclidean distance

Table 6 Difference analysis of quantitative characters of different cluster groups

数量性状Quantitative traits	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ
叶长Leaf length/cm	12.80±1.53 b	14.99±1.24 a	11.01±1.73 b
叶宽Leaf width/cm	14.36±1.01 a	15.68±2.05 a	13.22±1.57 a
叶柄长Petiole length/cm	9.78±1.92 a	9.76±1.43 a	9.87±1.73 a
叶形指数Leaf index	0.90±0.12 a	0.96±0.05 a	0.85±0.14 a
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length	0.79±0.21 a	0.65±0.11 a	0.92±0.18 a
果实纵径Fruit length/cm	3.98±0.64 b	4.83±0.13 a	3.48±0.40 b
果实横径Fruit width/cm	3.47±0.36 b	3.97±0.36 a	3.29±0.26 b
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm	3.34±0.46 a	3.88±0.37 a	4.32±0.98 a
果形指数Fruit shape index	1.15±0.13 a	1.22±0.11 a	1.05±0.09 a
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length	0.85±0.11 b	0.81±0.06 b	1.29±0.37 a
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm	0.84±0.13 a	1.19±0.53 a	0.81±0.22 a
相对果心大小Relative core size	0.24±0.03 a	0.29±0.11 a	0.24±0.05 a
单果重Single fruit weight/g	28.88±2.58 b	37.31±1.93 a	19.51±3.27 c

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Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits

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