Effects of direct seeding methods on weed community composition and ecological niche in paddy fields in Chongqing, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221054

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 383-390.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221054

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Effects of direct seeding methods on weed community composition and ecological niche in paddy fields in Chongqing, China

HUANG Qianlong¹^,²(), WANG Chutao¹^,², HE Yongxin¹^,², OUYANG Jie¹^,², ZHU Zichao¹^,², GUAN Yusheng¹^,², JIANG Gang¹^,², XIONG Ying¹^,², LI Xianyong¹^,²^,^*()

1. Rice Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, China
2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Breeding, Chongqing 408304, China

Received:2022-07-17 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-05

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to efficiently and greenly prevent weeds in direct seeding paddy fields in Chongqing, China, the community composition and ecological niche of weeds in paddy fields under flooded direct seeding and wet direct seeding were studied. The results showed that the weed communities in paddy fields under flooded direct seedig and wet direct seeding were composed of 16 species (belonging to 15 genera of 9 families ) and 18 species (belonging to 17 genera of 10 families), respectively. Polygonum hydropiper and Bidens pilosa were endemic in the paddy field under wet direct seeding. The community structure of important weeds in paddy fields undre flooded direct seeding and wet direct seeding were composed of Ludwigia prostrata+Monochoria vaginalis+ Echinochloa crus-galli and Lindernia procumbens+ E. crus-galli+Alopecurus aequalis+Cyperus difformis, respectively. There were significant (P<0.05) difference in important values of important weeds (except E. crus-galli) between flooded direct seeding and wet direct seeding. Among the 14 important or major weeds both appreared under flooded direct seeding and wet direct seeding, the niche width of Echinochloa colonum, E. crus-galli, C. difformis, L. procumbens, A. aequalis, Juncus prismatocarpus, Paspalum distichum under flooded direct seeding were significantly reduced compared with that under wet direct seeding, and the niche oeverlap value of inter-species (except the inter-species of J. prismatocarpus and P. distichum) under flooded direct seeding were either significantly reduced or equaled to that under wet direct seeding. Therefore, flooded direct seeding could inhibit the germination of P. hydropiper and B. pilosa, therefore change the community structure of important weeds in paddy fields, as well as control the quantity of E.colonum, E.crus-galli, C.difformis, L.procumbens, A.aequalis, J.prismatocarpus, P.distichum.

Key words: direct seeding method, weeds in paddy field, community composition, ecological niche

CLC Number:

S451.1

HUANG Qianlong, WANG Chutao, HE Yongxin, OUYANG Jie, ZHU Zichao, GUAN Yusheng, JIANG Gang, XIONG Ying, LI Xianyong. Effects of direct seeding methods on weed community composition and ecological niche in paddy fields in Chongqing, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(2): 383-390.

Figures/Tables 4

References 24

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科Family	属Genus	种Species	FDS	WDS
苋科Amaranthaceae	莲子草属Alternanthera	喜旱莲子草A. philoxeroides	+	+
雨久花科Pontederiaceae	雨久花属Monochoria	鸭舌草M. vaginalis	+	+
玄参科 Scrophulariaceae	母草属Lindernia	陌上菜L. procumbens	+	+
蓼科Polygonaceae	蓼属Polygonum	水蓼P. hydropiper	—	+
柳叶菜科Onagraceae	丁香蓼属Ludwigia	丁香蓼L. prostrata	+	+
禾本科Gramineae	稗属Echinochloa	稗草E. crus-galli	+	+
		光头稗E. colonum	+	+
	雀稗属Paspalum	双穗雀稗P. distichum	+	+
	千金子属Leptochloa	千金子L. chinensis	+	+
	看麦娘属Alopecurus	看麦娘A. aequalis	+	+
	早熟禾属Poa	早熟禾P. annua	+	+
	马唐属Digitaria	马唐D. sanguinalis	+	+
毛茛科Ranunculaceae	毛茛属Ranunculus	毛茛R. japonicus	+	+
莎草科Cyperaceae	莎草属Cyperus	异型莎草C. difformis	+	+
	荸荠属Heleocharis	野荸荠H. plantagineiformis	+	+
灯心草科Juncaceae	灯心草属Juncus	笄石菖J. prismatocarpus	+	+
菊科Compositae	鬼针草属Bidens	鬼针草B. pilosa	—	+
	鳢肠属Eclipta	鳢肠E. prostrata	+	+

科Family	属Genus	种Species	FDS	WDS
苋科Amaranthaceae	莲子草属Alternanthera	喜旱莲子草A. philoxeroides	+	+
雨久花科Pontederiaceae	雨久花属Monochoria	鸭舌草M. vaginalis	+	+
玄参科 Scrophulariaceae	母草属Lindernia	陌上菜L. procumbens	+	+
蓼科Polygonaceae	蓼属Polygonum	水蓼P. hydropiper	—	+
柳叶菜科Onagraceae	丁香蓼属Ludwigia	丁香蓼L. prostrata	+	+
禾本科Gramineae	稗属Echinochloa	稗草E. crus-galli	+	+
		光头稗E. colonum	+	+
	雀稗属Paspalum	双穗雀稗P. distichum	+	+
	千金子属Leptochloa	千金子L. chinensis	+	+
	看麦娘属Alopecurus	看麦娘A. aequalis	+	+
	早熟禾属Poa	早熟禾P. annua	+	+
	马唐属Digitaria	马唐D. sanguinalis	+	+
毛茛科Ranunculaceae	毛茛属Ranunculus	毛茛R. japonicus	+	+
莎草科Cyperaceae	莎草属Cyperus	异型莎草C. difformis	+	+
	荸荠属Heleocharis	野荸荠H. plantagineiformis	+	+
灯心草科Juncaceae	灯心草属Juncus	笄石菖J. prismatocarpus	+	+
菊科Compositae	鬼针草属Bidens	鬼针草B. pilosa	—	+
	鳢肠属Eclipta	鳢肠E. prostrata	+	+

物种 Species	不同处理的生态位宽度值 Niche breadth of treatments
物种 Species	FDS	WDS
光头稗E. colonum	0.41 b	0.48 a
稗草E. crus-galli	0.57 b	0.93 a
喜旱莲子草A. philoxeroides	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
丁香蓼L. prostrata	0.93 a	0.93 a
异型莎草C. difformis	0.58 b	0.91 a
陌上菜L. procumbens	0.87 b	0.94 a
看麦娘A. aequalis	0.74 b	0.88 a
千金子L. chinensis	0.43 a	0.29 b
鸭舌草M. vaginalis	0.83 a	0.83 a
毛茛R. japonicus	0.59 a	0.30 b
鳢肠E. prostrata	0.76 a	0.47 b
野荸荠H. plantagineiformis	0.75 a	0.70 b
笄石菖J. prismatocarpus	0.58 b	0.69 a
马唐D. sanguinalis	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
双穗雀稗P. distichum	<0.01 b	0.68 a
早熟禾P. annua	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
水蓼P. hydropiper	0	0.48
鬼针草B. pilosa	0	0.28

物种 Species	不同处理的生态位宽度值 Niche breadth of treatments
物种 Species	FDS	WDS
光头稗E. colonum	0.41 b	0.48 a
稗草E. crus-galli	0.57 b	0.93 a
喜旱莲子草A. philoxeroides	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
丁香蓼L. prostrata	0.93 a	0.93 a
异型莎草C. difformis	0.58 b	0.91 a
陌上菜L. procumbens	0.87 b	0.94 a
看麦娘A. aequalis	0.74 b	0.88 a
千金子L. chinensis	0.43 a	0.29 b
鸭舌草M. vaginalis	0.83 a	0.83 a
毛茛R. japonicus	0.59 a	0.30 b
鳢肠E. prostrata	0.76 a	0.47 b
野荸荠H. plantagineiformis	0.75 a	0.70 b
笄石菖J. prismatocarpus	0.58 b	0.69 a
马唐D. sanguinalis	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
双穗雀稗P. distichum	<0.01 b	0.68 a
早熟禾P. annua	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
水蓼P. hydropiper	0	0.48
鬼针草B. pilosa	0	0.28

物种 Species	各物种的生态位叠加值Niche overlap value of species
物种 Species	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N
A	—	0.38 a	<0.01 b	0.65 a	0.74 a	0.56 a	0.26 a	0.51 a	0.35 b	0.43 a	0.63 a	0.27 b	<0.01 a	0.37 a
B	0.10 b	—	0.22 a	0.83 a	0.76 a	0.96 a	0.94 a	0.35 a	0.82 a	0.43 a	0.43 a	0.79 a	0.85 a	0.60 a
C	0.54 a	0.14 a	—	0.46 a	0.40 a	0.17 a	0.21 a	<0.01 b	0.34 a	<0.01 b	<0.01 b	<0.01 b	0.33 a	0.41 a
D	0.32 b	0.59 b	0.28 b	—	0.93 a	0.90 a	0.83 a	0.43 a	0.72 a	0.56 b	0.54 b	0.54 b	0.65 a	0.69 a
E	0.23 b	0.11 b	0.24 b	0.59 b	—	0.82 a	0.66 a	0.60 a	0.78 a	0.33 b	0.62 a	0.62 a	0.50 a	0.60 a
F	0.48 a	0.24 b	0.19 a	0.80 a	0.69 b	—	0.91 a	0.49 b	0.78 a	0.52 a	0.53 b	0.77 a	0.76 a	0.62 a
G	0.15 a	0.27 b	0.20 a	0.80 a	0.73 a	0.74 b	—	0.20 b	0.71 a	0.56 b	0.35 a	0.63 a	0.86 a	0.61 a
H	0.21 b	0.30 a	0.22 a	0.49 a	0.35 b	0.65 a	0.67 a	—	0.38 a	<0.01 b	0.44 a	0.61 a	0.21 b	<0.01 a
I	0.64 a	0.55 b	0.10 b	0.69 a	0.42 b	0.63 b	0.38 b	0.10 b	—	<0.01 b	0.58 b	0.85 a	0.54 a	0.76 a
J	0.22 b	0.29 b	0.40 a	0.73 a	0.49 a	0.54 a	0.75 a	0.41 a	0.30 a	—	0.36 b	<0.01 b	0.40 a	0.27 a
K	0.65 a	0.18 b	0.30 a	0.70 a	0.51 a	0.76 a	0.44 a	0.18 b	0.72 a	0.66 a	—	0.56 a	<0.01 b	0.62 a
L	0.57 a	0.24 b	0.22 a	0.74 a	0.56 a	0.73 a	0.73 a	0.52 a	0.65 b	0.38 a	0.51 b	—	0.56 b	0.52 a
M	<0.01 a	0.19 b	<0.01 b	0.72 a	0.35 b	0.63 b	0.70 b	0.39 a	0.36 b	0.33 a	0.29 a	0.69 a	—	0.33 b
N	<0.01 b	<0.01 b	<0.01 b	0.28 b	<0.01 b	0.44 b	<0.01 b	<0.01 a	0.21 b	<0.01 b	0.37 b	<0.01 b	0.48 a	—

Effects of direct seeding methods on weed community composition and ecological niche in paddy fields in Chongqing, China

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