Design and experiment of shovel-type combined machine for silage corn root stubble plucking and residual plastic film collecting

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230970

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 2132-2145.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230970

• Biosystems Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Design and experiment of shovel-type combined machine for silage corn root stubble plucking and residual plastic film collecting

WANG Xiaoyang¹(), LI Qiang¹, ZHAO Wuyun¹, DAI Fei¹, YAN Zhaorong², WANG Jiuxin¹^,^*()

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2. Gansu Ben Niu Farming Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China

Received:2023-08-09 Online:2024-09-25 Published:2024-09-30

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the problem of difficult recovery of silage corn stubble and residual film, a combined machine was designed. The machine is mainly composed of a shovel with removing root stubble and residual film, a lifting chain, a separation drum screen, a film collection box, and other parts. The key components of the combined machine was analyzed theoretically and tested in the field to determine their structure and working parameters. Design-Expert software was used to design a three-factor, three-level quadratic regression orthogonal test, with the forward speed of the machine, the depth of shovel, the speed of separation drum screen as the influencing factors, and the recovery rate of residual film and stubble removal rate as the response indexes to establish a three-dimensional model of the response surface, and it was concluded that the forward speed of the machine and the depth of shovel had a significant effect on the rate of removing root stubble, while the depth of shovel and the separation drum screen speed had a significant effect on the rate of removing root stubble. Using optimization in Design-Expert to optimize the operating parameters of the machine, the results showed that the optimized operating parameters were: the forward speed of the machine was 3.54 km·h^-1, the depth of shovel was 12.94 cm, and the separation drum screen speed was 51.53 r·min^-1. The results of field verification test showed that when the forward speed of the machine was 3.5 km·h^-1, the depth of shovel was 13 cm, and the separation drum screen speed was 50 r·min^-1, under the operating conditions, the recovery rate of residual film was 89.26%, the cut rate of root stubble was 90.37%. The combined machine is stable and reliable, meeting the requirements of the residual film recycling machine.

Key words: silage corn, root stubble plucking, residual plastic film recovery, combined machine

CLC Number:

S223.5

WANG Xiaoyang, LI Qiang, ZHAO Wuyun, DAI Fei, YAN Zhaorong, WANG Jiuxin. Design and experiment of shovel-type combined machine for silage corn root stubble plucking and residual plastic film collecting[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(9): 2132-2145.

Figures/Tables 23

References 25

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时间 Time/d	拉伸载荷 Tensile load/N	断裂伸长率 Elongation at break/%
0	1.89	116
15	1.67	102
30	1.49	96
45	1.15	69
60	1.01	61
75	0.87	53

时间 Time/d	拉伸载荷 Tensile load/N	断裂伸长率 Elongation at break/%
0	1.89	116
15	1.67	102
30	1.49	96
45	1.15	69
60	1.01	61
75	0.87	53

项目 Items	数值 Numerical value
机具尺寸	3 100×1 300×670
Machine size (length×width×height)/ (mm×mm×mm)
作业速度Operating speed/(km·h^-1)	2~4
作业幅宽Width of operating/mm	1 200
作业深度范围Operating depth range/cm	5~20
残膜拾净率Residual film recovery rate/%	≥88
根茬起茬率Root stubble cut rate/%	≥90

项目 Items	数值 Numerical value
机具尺寸	3 100×1 300×670
Machine size (length×width×height)/ (mm×mm×mm)
作业速度Operating speed/(km·h^-1)	2~4
作业幅宽Width of operating/mm	1 200
作业深度范围Operating depth range/cm	5~20
残膜拾净率Residual film recovery rate/%	≥88
根茬起茬率Root stubble cut rate/%	≥90

试验序号 Test number	试验因素与水平Factors and levels			试验结果Results
试验序号 Test number	机具前进速度 Machine forward velocity/(km·h^-1)	起膜起茬铲入土深度 Depth of shovel/cm	分离滚筒筛转速 Rotation speed of the separation drum screen/(r·min^-1)	残膜拾净率 Residual film recovery rate/%	根茬起茬率 Root stubble cut rate/%
1	3	16	45	59.12	84.15
2	2	13	55	81.26	90.28
3	4	13	55	61.67	86.85
4	2	16	50	79.26	80.63
5	4	13	45	70.04	70.35
6	3	13	50	88.75	82.73
7	2	10	50	89.26	57.15
8	3	13	50	87.28	80.54
9	4	10	50	81.65	55.55
10	3	16	55	60.74	98.85
11	3	13	50	87.23	85.27
12	3	13	50	84.36	76.95
13	4	16	50	58.98	85.65
14	3	13	50	87.82	82.25
15	3	10	55	81.38	74.67
16	2	13	45	76.25	80.19
17	3	10	45	74.64	51.79

Design and experiment of shovel-type combined machine for silage corn root stubble plucking and residual plastic film collecting

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Figures/Tables 23

References 25

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方差来源 Source	残膜捡拾率Residual film recovery rate				根茬起茬率Root stubble cut rate
方差来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	F值 F value	P值 P value	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型	1 902.33	9	49.26	**	2 478.86	9	21.68	**
A	360.33	1	83.98	**	12.13	1	0.954 8
B	592.20	1	138.02	**	1 515.80	1	119.34	**
C	3.13	1	0.728 3		514.72	1	40.52	**
AB	40.13	1	9.35	*	10.96	1	0.862 6
AC	44.76	1	10.43	*	10.27	1	0.808 7
BC	6.55	1	1.53		16.73	1	1.32
A²	44.00	1	10.26	*	55.34	1	4.36
B²	181.62	1	42.33	**	281.58	1	22.17	**
C²	561.72	1	130.91	**	67.19	1	5.29
残差Residuum	30.04	7			88.91	7
失拟项Lack of fit	19.24	3	2.38	0.211 0	51.01	3	1.79	0.287 6
误差Pure error	10.80	4			37.90	4
总和Core total	1 932.36	16			2 567.77	16

项目 Items	残膜拾净率 Residual film recovery rate	根茬起茬率 Root stubble cut rate
大田试验平均值	89.26	90.37
Field test average
软件优化值	86.33	87.63
Software optimization value
相对误差Relative error	3.28	3.03

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