沼渣生物质炭对西南喀斯特山区沼液灌溉土壤氮淋溶和白菜产量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.13

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 2104-2115.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.13

沼渣生物质炭对西南喀斯特山区沼液灌溉土壤氮淋溶和白菜产量的影响

江涛¹^,²^,³(), 王立国¹^,²^,³, 孙芳芳¹^,²^,³, 成剑波¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 何腾兵¹^,²^,³, 秦松⁴, 范成五⁴, 阴文芳¹^,²^,³

1.贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳 550025
2.贵州大学新农村发展研究院,贵州贵阳 550025
3.贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室,贵州贵阳 550025
4.贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳 550006

收稿日期:2021-02-19 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2021-11-26
通讯作者: 成剑波
作者简介:*成剑波,E-mail: jbcheng@gzu.edu.cn
江涛(1996—),男,贵州松桃人,苗族,硕士研究生,主要从事农业环境保护相关研究。E-mail: 1361222601@qq.com
基金资助:
贵州省自然科学基金(〔2020〕1Y191);贵州省生物学国内一流学科建设项目(GNYL〔2017〕009);贵州省科技厅基础条件平台建设项目(〔2019〕]5701)

Effects of solid-digestate biochar application on soil nitrogen leaching and cabbage yield with liquid-digestate irrigation in karst-mountainous region of southwest China

JIANG Tao¹^,²^,³(), WANG Liguo¹^,²^,³, SUN Fangfang¹^,²^,³, CHENG Jianbo¹^,²^,³^,^*(), HE Tengbing¹^,²^,³, QIN Song⁴, FAN Chengwu⁴, YIN Wenfang¹^,²^,³

1. College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Technologies in Control and Recycling of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Waste in Mountain Area, Guiyang 550025, China
4. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China

Received:2021-02-19 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-11-26
Contact: CHENG Jianbo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨沼渣生物质炭施用对黄壤和石灰土氮淋溶和白菜产量的影响,于温室大棚开展沼渣生物质炭施用比例分别为0(CK)、1%(BC1)、2%(BC2)、4%(BC4)、6%(BC6)的模拟沼液灌溉的盆栽试验。结果表明,施用沼渣生物质炭对黄壤氮素淋溶和白菜氮素吸收量无显著影响,但施用6%的沼渣生物质炭可显著降低石灰土氮素淋溶量,总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮的淋溶量分别降低12.06、11.82、1.14、0.103 kg·hm^-2,降幅分别达35.89%、52.99%、25.53%、23.25%。在石灰土上施用沼渣生物质炭处理的白菜氮素吸收量增加9.25~19.13 kg·hm^-2,且以BC6处理的白菜氮素吸收量最高,达到60.15 kg·hm^-2。另外,在黄壤和石灰土上施用沼渣生物质炭均对白菜有增产效果,增幅分别在29.82%~68.78%、23.58%~79.07%,分别在BC4和BC6处理下获得最大产量(13.81 t·hm^-2和9.01 t·hm^-2)。

关键词: 沼液灌溉, 沼渣生物质炭, 氮淋溶, 白菜产量, 酶活性, 喀斯特山区

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of solid-digestate (SD) biochar application on soil nitrogen (N) leaching and cabbage yield with liquid-digestate irrigation in the karst-mountainous region of southwest China, a pot experiment was performed in a greenhouse to simulate liquid-digestate irrigation, and SD biochar was incorporated into either yellow soil or calcareous soil at the rates (mass fraction) of 0 (CK), 1% (BC1), 2% (BC2), 4% (BC4), and 6% (BC6), respectively.It was shown that no significant effects of biochar application on N leaching and cabbage N uptake were measured in yellow soil. However, in calcareous soil, the leaching of total nitrogen, $NH 4 +$ -N, $NO 3 -$ -N, and $NO 2 -$ -N were lowered by 12.06 kg·hm^-2 (equivalent to 35.89%), 11.82 kg·hm^-2 (equivalent to 52.99%), 1.14 kg·hm^-2 (equivalent to 25.53%), 0.103 kg·hm^-2 (equivalent to 23.25%), respectively, under BC6 treatment as compared with CK. The N uptake of cabbage was increased by 9.25-19.13 kg·hm^-2 with SD biochar application, and the highest N uptake was found in the BC6 treatment, which was 60.15 kg·hm^-2. The yield of cabbage was increased by 29.82%-68.78%, 23.58%-79.07% in the yellow soil and calcareous soil, respectively, and the highest yield in the yellow soil and calcareous soil was recorded under BC4 and BC6 treatment, respectively, which was 13.81, 9.01 t·hm^-2, respectively.

Key words: liquid-digestate irrigation, soil-digestate biochar, nitrogen leaching, cabbage yield, enzyme activity, karst-mountainous region

中图分类号:

S153

江涛, 王立国, 孙芳芳, 成剑波, 何腾兵, 秦松, 范成五, 阴文芳. 沼渣生物质炭对西南喀斯特山区沼液灌溉土壤氮淋溶和白菜产量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(11): 2104-2115.

JIANG Tao, WANG Liguo, SUN Fangfang, CHENG Jianbo, HE Tengbing, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu, YIN Wenfang. Effects of solid-digestate biochar application on soil nitrogen leaching and cabbage yield with liquid-digestate irrigation in karst-mountainous region of southwest China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(11): 2104-2115.

图/表 5

图1 黄壤和石灰土上氮淋溶的动态变化

Fig.1 Dynamic of nitrogen leaching in yellow soil and calcareous soil

图2 黄壤和石灰土上的氮素淋溶量壤类型下,柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.2 Nitrogen leaching rate in yellow soil and calcareous soil Bars marked without the same letters indicated significant difference within treatments at P<0.05 under the same soil type. The same as below.

图3 白菜各生育期的土壤氮素含量

Fig.3 Soil nitrogen contents in different growth stages of cabbage

图4 白菜各生育期的土壤酶活性

Fig.4 Soil enzymes activities in different growth stages of cabbage

图5 各处理的白菜产量及其氮素吸收量

Fig.5 Yield and nitrogen uptake of cabbage under different treatments

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沼渣生物质炭对西南喀斯特山区沼液灌溉土壤氮淋溶和白菜产量的影响

Effects of solid-digestate biochar application on soil nitrogen leaching and cabbage yield with liquid-digestate irrigation in karst-mountainous region of southwest China

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