玉米多品种间作对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230473

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 1339-1346.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230473

玉米多品种间作对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性的影响

热伊罕古丽·喀迪尔(), 刘文利, 周一诺, 许冲, 马新, 吴景贵, 李建明^*()

吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,吉林长春 130118

收稿日期:2023-04-10 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-07-02
作者简介:热伊罕古丽·喀迪尔(1997—),女,维吾尔族,新疆莎车人,硕士研究生,主要从事间作种植模式下地上部与地下部之间联系的相关研究。E-mail:2635251009@qq.com
通讯作者: *李建明,E-mail:3193068479@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021FYD1500804);吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20210356KJ);吉林农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目

Effects of intercropping of maize varieties on soil aggregate composition and stability

Reihanguli KADIR(), LIU Wenli, ZHOU Yinuo, XU Chong, MA Xin, WU Jinggui, LI Jianming^*()

Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Commodity Grain Base of Jilin Province, College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China

Received:2023-04-10 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为阐明玉米多品种间作对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性的影响,通过为期2 a的田间试验,测定并分析了单品种单播(T1)、两品种间作(T2)、三品种间作(T3)和四品种间作(T4)下根质量密度(RMD)、根长密度(RLD)与土壤团聚体粒级和稳定性指标[大于0.25 mm粒径团聚体含量(R_>0.25)、平均质量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)]的变化规律。结果显示,与单品种单播相比,间作处理(T2~T4)的RMD、RLD、MWD、GMD、R_>0.25均呈递增趋势。与T1相比,T2、T3、T4处理的RMD分别显著(P<0.05)提高232%、657%、702%,RLD分别显著提高515%、1 508%、1 531%;干筛法测定的R_>0.25分别显著提高0.65、0.89、1.02百分点,MWD分别显著提高7.2%、10.7%、15.7%,GMD分别显著提高13.1%、21.1%、31.9%;湿筛法测定的R_>0.25分别显著提高4.34、9.42、11.81百分点,MWD分别显著提高19.6%、41.2%、54.9%,GMD分别显著提高27.0%、64.9%、87.8%。综上,玉米多品种间作可通过提高根质量密度和根长密度等根系特征,改善土壤团聚体的粒径分布及其稳定性。

关键词: 间作, 根系性质, 土壤团聚体

Abstract:

In order to elucidate the effects of intercropping of maize varieties on soil aggregate composition and stability, a two-year field experiment was conducted. The root mass density (RMD), root length density (RLD), and soil aggregate indexs [>0.25 mm aggregates content (R_>0.25), mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD)] under different treatments [T1, one cultivar monoculture; T2, two-cultivar intercropping; T3, three-cultivar intercropping; T4, four-cultivar intercropping] were determined. It was shown that compared to monoculture, intercropping of maize varieties increased RMD, RLD, MWD, GMD and R_>0.25. Compared with the T1 treatment, the RMD under T2, T3, T4 treatments was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 232%, 657%, 702%, respectively; the RLD was significantly increased by 515%, 1 508%, 1 531%, respectively; the R_>0.25 determined by dry sieving method was significantly increased by 0.65, 0.89, 1.02 percentage points; the MWD determined by dry sieving method was significantly increased by 7.2%, 10.7%, 15.7%, respectively; the GMD determined by dry sieving method was significantly increased by 13.1%, 21.1%, 31.9%, respectively; the R_>0.25 determined by wet sieving method was significantly increased by 4.34, 9.42, 11.81 percentage points; the MWD determined by wet sieving method was significantly increased by 19.6%, 41.2%, 54.9%, respectively; the GMD determined by wet sieving method was significantly increased by 27.0%, 64.9%, 87.8%, respectively. In conclusion, intercropping of maize varieties could enhance the particle size distribution of soil aggregates and their stability by increasing root characteristics, such as root mass density and root length density.

Key words: intercropping, root property, soil aggregate

中图分类号:

S152.3

热伊罕古丽·喀迪尔, 刘文利, 周一诺, 许冲, 马新, 吴景贵, 李建明. 玉米多品种间作对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(6): 1339-1346.

Reihanguli KADIR, LIU Wenli, ZHOU Yinuo, XU Chong, MA Xin, WU Jinggui, LI Jianming. Effects of intercropping of maize varieties on soil aggregate composition and stability[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(6): 1339-1346.

图/表 4

图1 不同处理对玉米根长密度、根质量密度的影响柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.1 Effect of treatments on root length density and root mass density Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05.

图2 不同处理对土壤团聚体粒级分布的影响(左:湿筛法;右:干筛法) 同一粒级柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.2 Effect of treatments on size distribution of soil aggregates (left: wet sieving method; right: dry sieving method) Bars marked without the same letters in the same paritcicle size indicate significant difference within treatments at P<0.05.

表1 不同品种间作模式对干筛和湿筛下团聚体结构稳定性指标变化

Table 1 Changes of aggregate structure stability index under different planting modes

处理 Treatment	干筛法的测定结果 Determination results of dry sieving method			湿筛法的测定结果 Determination results of wet sieving method
处理 Treatment	R_>0.25/%	MWD/mm	GMD/mm	R_>0.25/%	MWD	GMD
T1	98.08±0.21 b	4.85±0.21 c	3.51±0.22 c	72.07±0.84 c	1.53±0.06 c	0.74±0.03 d
T2	98.73±0.16 a	5.20±0.07 b	3.97±0.11 b	76.41±1.89 b	1.83±0.13 b	0.94±0.10 c
T3	98.97±0.05 a	5.37±0.05 ab	4.25±0.09 b	81.49±1.00 a	2.16±0.12 a	1.22±0.09 b
T4	99.10±0.46 a	5.61±0.09 a	4.63±0.06 a	83.88±0.72 a	2.37±0.04 a	1.39±0.02 a

表2 根系性状指标与土壤团聚体稳定性摽的相关性

Table 2 Correlation within root indexes and aggregate stability indexes

指标Index	MWD_D	GMD_D	MWD_W	GMD_W	RLD	RMD	R_>0.25D
GMD_D	0.999^**
MWD_W	0.988^*	0.991^**
GMD_W	0.983^*	0.988^*	0.999^**
RLD	0.935	0.937	0.973^*	0.971^*
RMD	0.945	0.948	0.981^*	0.979^*	0.999^**
R_>0.25D	0.969^*	0.960^*	0.954^*	0.939	0.937	0.941
R_>0.25W	0.983^*	0.985^*	0.999^**	0.997^**	0.983^*	0.989^*	0.959^*

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玉米多品种间作对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性的影响

Effects of intercropping of maize varieties on soil aggregate composition and stability

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