硫酸亚铁对鸡粪堆肥真菌群落的影响及其应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240085

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 169-177.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240085

硫酸亚铁对鸡粪堆肥真菌群落的影响及其应用

王路童(), 姜利红, 代家鹏, 陈粮, 曾光熙, 刘尔伦, 周湘丹, 肖云花, 方俊^*()

湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙 410125

收稿日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-02-14
作者简介:王路童(1999—),女,山东肥城人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业固体废弃物的资源化利用研究。E-mail: wanglutong2022@163.com
通讯作者: *方俊,E-mail: fangjun1973@hunau.edu.cn
基金资助:
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(21A0142);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(20A233);湖南农业大学双一流建设项目(SYL201802003);中国博士后科学基金(2018M632963);中国博士后科学基金(2019C20705);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20210654);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划(2021RC1004)

Effect of ferrous sulfate on fungal community of chicken manure compost and its application potential

WANG Lutong(), JIANG Lihong, DAI Jiapeng, CHEN Liang, ZENG Guangxi, LIU Erlun, ZHOU Xiangdan, XIAO Yunhua, FANG Jun^*()

College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China

Received:2024-01-25 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究硫酸亚铁对鸡粪堆肥高温期真菌群落,以及其堆肥产品对植物生长的影响,以鸡粪和稻草为原料,以不添加任何外源添加剂的堆体作为对照组,设置硫酸亚铁添加比例分别为1%、2%的处理组,研究真菌群落组成与结构的变化,以及各堆肥产品施用后小白菜生长状况和营养品质的变化。结果表明:添加硫酸亚铁影响了鸡粪堆肥高温期的真菌群落结构,提高了真菌群落的多样性,富集了多数与木质纤维素降解相关的优势真菌,有利于堆肥中难分解有机物的高效降解,促进了堆肥的腐殖化进程。添加硫酸亚铁堆肥产品处理组小白菜的株高、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量均较普通堆肥产品处理组显著(P<0.05)提高,并以添加2%硫酸亚铁的堆肥产品的效果更为突出。

关键词: 鸡粪堆肥, 硫酸亚铁, 真菌群落, 小白菜

Abstract:

In order to examine the impact of ferrous sulfate on the fungal community during the thermophilic phase of chicken manure composting, as well as the effects of the compost products on plant growth, chicken manure and rice straw were used as raw materials, with the control group being the heap without any exogenous additives and the treatment groups being the heap with 1% or 2% ferrous sulfate addition. The changes in the composition and structure of the fungal community, as well as the growth condition of pakchoi and its nutrient quality were monitored.It was shown that adding ferrous sulfate to chicken manure composting affected the structure of the fungal community during the thermophilic phase, enhanced the diversity of the fungal community, enriched most of the dominant fungi related to lignocellulose degradation, which was conducive to the efficient degradation of difficult-to-decompose organic matter in composting, and facilitated the composting humification process. Plant height, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment groups compared to the control group. The effect of compost product with addition of 2% ferrous sulfate was more pronounced.

Key words: chicken manure composting, ferrous sulfate, fungal community, pakchoi

中图分类号:

X705

王路童, 姜利红, 代家鹏, 陈粮, 曾光熙, 刘尔伦, 周湘丹, 肖云花, 方俊. 硫酸亚铁对鸡粪堆肥真菌群落的影响及其应用[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(1): 169-177.

WANG Lutong, JIANG Lihong, DAI Jiapeng, CHEN Liang, ZENG Guangxi, LIU Erlun, ZHOU Xiangdan, XIAO Yunhua, FANG Jun. Effect of ferrous sulfate on fungal community of chicken manure compost and its application potential[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(1): 169-177.

图/表 7

表1 堆肥原材料的基本性质

Table 1 Basic properties of raw materials for composting

原材料 Raw material	水分含量 Water content/%	总有机碳含量 Total organic carbon content/%	全氮含量 Total nitrogen content/%	碳氮比 C/N raio
鸡粪Chicken manure	68.53±2.75	57.06±16.04	4.99±0.61	11.31±2.25
稻草Straw	11.37±0.21	55.51±4.24	1.03±0.08	54.11±7.78

图1 堆肥过程中温度的变化(A)与堆肥结束时各处理的种子发芽指数(GI) (B) GI,种子发芽指数。柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Changes of temperature during the composting (A) and the germination index (GI) (B) after composting under different treatmetns GI, Germination index. Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.

图2 门水平(A)、属水平(B)上的真菌群落组成和基于主坐标分析(PCoA)的真菌群落结构分析(C) Ascomycota,子囊菌门;Basidiomycota,担子菌门;Mortierellomycota,被孢霉门;Chytridiomycota,壶菌门;Rozellomycota,罗兹菌门;Neocallimastigomycota,新美鞭菌门;Glomeromycota,球囊菌门;Olpidiomycota,油壶菌门;Mucoromycota,毛霉门。Others,其他; Aspergillus,曲霉属;unclassified_Fungi,真菌未分类;Cladosporium,枝孢菌属;Trichosporon,毛孢子菌属;Myriococcum,球藻属;Unclassified,未分类;Canadida,假丝酵母菌属;Unclassified_Ascomycota,子囊菌门未分类属;Chaetomium,毛壳菌属。CK1、CK2、CK3为CK的3个平行处理; G21、G22、G23为FS1的3个平行处理;G31、G32、G33为FS2的3个平行处理。

Fig.2 Fungal community composition at the phylum level (A), genus level (B), and structural analysis based on principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) (C) CK1, CK2 and CK3 were 3 parallel treatment groups of CK; G21, G22 and G23 were 3 parallel treatment groups of G21; G31, G32 and G33 were 3 parallel treatment groups of FS2.

表2 真菌群落α多样性指数

Table 2 The alpha diversity indexes of the fungal community

处理 Treatment	丰富度指数 Richness	Shannon指数 Shaannon index	Simpson指数 Simpson index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index
CK	178.00±34.83	3.77±1.03	0.90±0.12	180.33±33.61	182.07±33.39
FS1	172.00±16.56	4.21±0.35	0.96±0.03	175.09±15.79	179.31±14.10
FS2	975.00±1 233.38	5.22±0.74	0.99±0.01	978.98±1 233.88	989.43±1 244.98

图3 LEfSe组间显著差异分布图(A)和LDA值分布图(B) Arthrographis,节纹菌属;Eremomycetaceae,沙漠壳菌科;unclassified_Phaeosphaeriaceae,暗球腔菌科未分类属;Thelebolales,寡囊盘菌目;Pezizaceae,盘菌科;unclassified_Hygrocybe,湿伞属未分类种;Agaricomycetes,伞菌纲;Moesziomyces aphidis,蚜虫莫氏黑粉菌;Moesziomyces,莫氏黑粉菌属;Chytridiaceae,壶菌科;Chytridiales,壶菌目;unclassified_Mortierella,被孢霉属未分类种;Mortierella,被孢霉属;Mortierellaceae,被孢霉科;Mortierellales,被孢霉目;Mortierellomycetes,被孢霉纲;Mortierellomycota,被孢霉门。p_、c_、o_、f_、g_、s_分别表示门水平、纲水平、目水平、科水平、属水平、种水平。

Fig.3 Distribution of significant differences between LEfSe groups (A) and distribution of LDA values (B) p_, c_, o_, f_, g_ and s_ denote phylum, class, order, family, genus and species level, respectively.

表3 不同有机肥对小白菜生长的影响

Table 3 Effect of different organic fertilizers on growth indexes of pakchoi

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	根长 Root length/cm	干重 Dry weight/g	SPAD	根系活力 Root activity/(μg·g^-1·h^-1)
TCK	3.35±0.07 c	7.65±0.07 a	0.07±0.01 b	4.80±0.00 d	255.18±11.60 c
VCK	6.65±0.07 b	4.85±0.07 a	0.10±0.01 ab	5.90±0.00 b	366.64±17.81 b
VFS1	8.20±0.50 a	9.15±0.92 a	0.07±0.01 b	5.55±0.07 c	259.24±35.40 c
VFS2	8.70±0.28 a	8.90±1.91 a	0.13±0.01 a	6.50±0.10 a	755.16±20.94 a

图4 不同处理对小白菜维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量的影响

Fig.4 Effects of different treatments on contents of vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble protein

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硫酸亚铁对鸡粪堆肥真菌群落的影响及其应用

Effect of ferrous sulfate on fungal community of chicken manure compost and its application potential

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