农地确权对农业碳排放效率的影响——基于30个省级行政区的面板数据

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240110

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 712-725.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240110

农地确权对农业碳排放效率的影响——基于30个省级行政区的面板数据

施晓燕¹(), 王音璠², 张婧¹, 王鹏³

1.甘肃农业大学理学院,甘肃兰州 730070
2.香港中文大学地理与资源管理学系,香港 999077
3.兰州大学经济学院,甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-02
作者简介:施晓燕(1982—),女,甘肃兰州人,博士,讲师,研究方向为农业经济理论与政策。E-mail: shixy@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD161);甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RA855);甘肃省高等学校创新基金(2022B-104)

Impact of rural land empowerment on carbon emission efficiency in agriculture: a panel data study based on 30 province-level administrative regions across China

SHI Xiaoyan¹(), WANG Yinfan², ZHANG Jing¹, WANG Peng³

1. College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2. Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
3. School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2024-01-25 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿色低碳发展是农业高质量发展的内在要求。该文采用SSBM模型和全局Malmquist-Luenberger指数测算农业碳排放效率,采用土地承包经营权证书颁发率表征农地确权程度,以2006—2020年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据为样本,运用面板数据回归模型探析农地确权对农业碳排放效率的作用效果与影响机制,考察农地流转对农地确权与农业碳排放效率关系的调节作用,并运用变系数面板数据回归模型检验农地确权对农业碳排放效率影响的异质性。研究发现:1)农地确权能够提高农业碳排放效率,特别是对于农业大省来说,农地确权对其农业碳排放效率的促进作用较强。2)农地确权有助于加快农村劳动力向城市或非农产业转移,有利于提高农地规模化经营水平,促进农业产业结构趋于合理,进而提高农业碳排放效率。3)农地确权对农业碳排放效率的影响受到农地流转市场发展程度的调节作用,伴随着农地流转水平的提高,农地确权对农业碳排放效率的促进作用也更强。据此建议赋予农民清晰的土地产权,加快推进农村土地流转交易市场体系建设,以更好地发挥农地确权在农业低碳可持续发展中的作用。

关键词: 农地确权, 农业低碳转型, 农地流转

Abstract:

Low-carbon and green development is an intrinsic requirement for high-quality development of agriculture. In the present assay, the SSBM model and the global Malmquist-Luenberger index were used to measure the efficiency of agricultural carbon emissions, and the issue rate of land contractual management right certificate was used to characterize the degree of rural land empowerment. Based on the panel data of 30 province-level administrative regions in China from 2006 to 2020, the panel data regression model was used to explore the effect and influencing mechanism of rural land empowerment on agricultural carbon emission efficiency, and the moderating effect of rural land transfer on the relationship between rural land empowerment and agricultural carbon emission efficiency was investigated. The variable coefficient panel data regression model was used to test the heterogeneity of the impact of rural land empowerment on agricultural carbon emission efficiency. The results showed that: 1) rural land empowerment could improve the efficiency of agricultural carbon emission, especially for the major agricultural provinces. 2) Rural land empowerment was conducive to accelerating the transfer of rural labor to urban or non-agricultural industries, improving the level of large-scale farmland management, promoting the rationalization of agricultural industrial structure, and improving the efficiency of agricultural carbon emission. 3) The impact of rural land empowerment on agricultural carbon emission efficiency was moderated by the development degree of rural land transfer market. With the improvement of rural land transfer level, the promotion effect of rural land empowerment on agricultural carbon emission efficiency would be stronger. Accordingly, it is suggested that farmers should be given clear land property right and the construction of a rural land circulation and transaction market system should be accelerated, so as to better play the role of rural land empowerment in the low-carbon and sustainable development of agriculture.

Key words: rural land empowerment, low-carbon transformation of agriculture, rural land transfer

中图分类号:

F325

施晓燕, 王音璠, 张婧, 王鹏. 农地确权对农业碳排放效率的影响——基于30个省级行政区的面板数据[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(3): 712-725.

SHI Xiaoyan, WANG Yinfan, ZHANG Jing, WANG Peng. Impact of rural land empowerment on carbon emission efficiency in agriculture: a panel data study based on 30 province-level administrative regions across China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 712-725.

图/表 7

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变量名称 Variable name	变量符号 Variable symbol	计算方法 Calculation method	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
农业碳排放效率 Agricultural carbon emission efficiency	A	用SSBM-GML模型测算得到 Measured via the SSBM-GML model	1.018 8	0.060 8	0.768 0	1.260 2
农地确权率 Rural land empowerment rate	R	颁发土地承包经营权证份数/家庭承包经营农户数	0.893 7	0.101 8	0.034 3	1.090 1
		Number of land contract management rights certificates issued divided by the number of family contract management households
劳动力迁移 Labor migration	T	外出务工劳动力/第一产业从业人员 Outside labor force divided by primary sector workers	0.373 1	0.104 2	0.077 8	0.787 8
农业产业结构合理化水平 Rationalization of agricultural structure	L	林牧渔业产值/农林牧副渔总产值 Value of forestry and fisheries production/ gross value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries production	0.439 6	0.094 3	0.173 8	0.619 3
农地规模化经营水平 Scale management level of rural land	P	粮食播种面积 Grain sown area	3.760 1	3.037 2	0.046 4	14.338 1
农地流转水平 Rural land transfer level	C	家庭承包耕地流转总面积/家庭承包经营耕地面积 Total area of family contracted arable land transferred divided by the area of family contracted arable land operated	0.226 5	0.175 2	0.013 6	0.895 8
农业财政支持 Financial support	X₁	财政支农支出/财政总支出 Fiscal expenditure on agriculture divided by total fiscal expenditure	1.048 0	0.497 8	0.306 2	3.006 3
城镇化水平 Urbanization level	X₂	城镇人口/总人口 Urban population divided by total population	0.545 3	0.140 2	0.268 6	0.895 8
农业发展水平 Agricultural development level	X₃	农林牧渔业增加值/农林牧渔业从业人员 Value added of agriculture, forestry and fisheries divided by number of employees in agriculture, forestry and fisheries	2.125 1	1.257 2	0.290 9	7.456 1
自然条件 Natural conditions	X₄	受灾面积/农作物播种总面积 Affected area divided by total sown area of crops	0.205 3	0.147 3	0.005 9	0.935 9
农经占比 Proportion of agricultural economy	X₅	农业GDP/GDP Agricultural GDP divided by the regional GDP	0.131 9	0.124 2	0.002 9	1.016 7
农业对外开放程度 Foreign trade in agriculture	X₆	农业进出口总额/地区生产总值 Total agricultural imports and exports divided by gross regional product	0.394 6	0.358 3	0.006 6	2.209 4

变量名称 Variable name	变量符号 Variable symbol	计算方法 Calculation method	平均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum
农业碳排放效率 Agricultural carbon emission efficiency	A	用SSBM-GML模型测算得到 Measured via the SSBM-GML model	1.018 8	0.060 8	0.768 0	1.260 2
农地确权率 Rural land empowerment rate	R	颁发土地承包经营权证份数/家庭承包经营农户数	0.893 7	0.101 8	0.034 3	1.090 1
		Number of land contract management rights certificates issued divided by the number of family contract management households
劳动力迁移 Labor migration	T	外出务工劳动力/第一产业从业人员 Outside labor force divided by primary sector workers	0.373 1	0.104 2	0.077 8	0.787 8
农业产业结构合理化水平 Rationalization of agricultural structure	L	林牧渔业产值/农林牧副渔总产值 Value of forestry and fisheries production/ gross value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries production	0.439 6	0.094 3	0.173 8	0.619 3
农地规模化经营水平 Scale management level of rural land	P	粮食播种面积 Grain sown area	3.760 1	3.037 2	0.046 4	14.338 1
农地流转水平 Rural land transfer level	C	家庭承包耕地流转总面积/家庭承包经营耕地面积 Total area of family contracted arable land transferred divided by the area of family contracted arable land operated	0.226 5	0.175 2	0.013 6	0.895 8
农业财政支持 Financial support	X₁	财政支农支出/财政总支出 Fiscal expenditure on agriculture divided by total fiscal expenditure	1.048 0	0.497 8	0.306 2	3.006 3
城镇化水平 Urbanization level	X₂	城镇人口/总人口 Urban population divided by total population	0.545 3	0.140 2	0.268 6	0.895 8
农业发展水平 Agricultural development level	X₃	农林牧渔业增加值/农林牧渔业从业人员 Value added of agriculture, forestry and fisheries divided by number of employees in agriculture, forestry and fisheries	2.125 1	1.257 2	0.290 9	7.456 1
自然条件 Natural conditions	X₄	受灾面积/农作物播种总面积 Affected area divided by total sown area of crops	0.205 3	0.147 3	0.005 9	0.935 9
农经占比 Proportion of agricultural economy	X₅	农业GDP/GDP Agricultural GDP divided by the regional GDP	0.131 9	0.124 2	0.002 9	1.016 7
农业对外开放程度 Foreign trade in agriculture	X₆	农业进出口总额/地区生产总值 Total agricultural imports and exports divided by gross regional product	0.394 6	0.358 3	0.006 6	2.209 4

变量 Variable	回归1 Regression 1	回归2 Regression 2	回归3 Regression 3
R	0.030 9^*** (2.78)	0.029 4^*** (2.92)	0. 036 8^*** (3.37)
X₁	0.022 8^** (2.18)	0.025 8^** (1.78)	0. 026 4^* (1.64)
X₆	0.000 4^* (1.84)	0.000 3 (1.59)	0. 000 1 (1.43)
X₂		0.321 8^** (2.17)	0. 242 1 (1.55)
X₃		0.005 3 (0.73)	0.002 8 (0.57)
X₄			0.012 7^* (1.73)
X₅			-0.073 4^*** (-2.69)
within R²	0.111 1	0.121 9	0.146 4

变量 Variable	回归1 Regression 1	回归2 Regression 2	回归3 Regression 3
R	0.030 9^*** (2.78)	0.029 4^*** (2.92)	0. 036 8^*** (3.37)
X₁	0.022 8^** (2.18)	0.025 8^** (1.78)	0. 026 4^* (1.64)
X₆	0.000 4^* (1.84)	0.000 3 (1.59)	0. 000 1 (1.43)
X₂		0.321 8^** (2.17)	0. 242 1 (1.55)
X₃		0.005 3 (0.73)	0.002 8 (0.57)
X₄			0.012 7^* (1.73)
X₅			-0.073 4^*** (-2.69)
within R²	0.111 1	0.121 9	0.146 4

变量 Variable	回归4 Regression 4	回归5 Regression 5
d	0.014 5^*** (2.38)	0.013 4^** (2.14)
within R²	0.113 4	0.136 7

农地确权对农业碳排放效率的影响——基于30个省级行政区的面板数据

Impact of rural land empowerment on carbon emission efficiency in agriculture: a panel data study based on 30 province-level administrative regions across China

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变量 Variable	回归6 Regression 6			回归7 Regression 7			回归8 Regression 8
	第一步 Step 1	第二步 Step 2	第三步 Step 3	第一步 Step 1	第二步 Step 2	第三步 Step 3	第一步 Step 1	第二步 Step 2	第三步 Step 3
	A	T	A	A	L	A	A	P	A
R	0.036 8^*** (3.37)	0.031 2^*** (2.89)	0.029 3 (0.98)	0.036 8^*** (3.37)	0.011 3^*** (3.74)	0.025 1 (1.28)	0.036 8^*** (3.37)	0.568 7^** (2.46)	0.028 8 (1.27)
T	—	—	0.026 1^* (1.78)	—	—	—	—	—	—
L	—	—	—	—	—	0.018 1^** (2.01)	—	—	—
P	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.002 3^*** (2.70)
within R²	0.146 4	0.438 9	0.146 6	0.146 4	0.374 4	0.146 7	0.146 4	0.739 6	0.147 9

变量	回归9 Regression 9
R	0.044 4^*** (3.21)
C	0.057 7^* (1.83)
R×C	0.353 4^*** (2.59)
within R²	0.189 3

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