以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对意大利蜜蜂分泌蜂王浆的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250155

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 217-224.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250155

以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对意大利蜜蜂分泌蜂王浆的影响

范盈禧(), 刘瑶, 郑秋岚, 郑火青()

浙江大学动物科学学院, 浙江杭州 310058

收稿日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-03-24
作者简介:范盈禧,研究方向为蜜蜂科学。E-mail:22217030@zju.edu.cn
通讯作者: ^*郑火青,E-mail:hqzheng@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家蜂产业技术体系专项(CARS-44);浙江省重大科技专项(2021 CO2068-8)

Impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus infection on the production of royal jelly in Apis mellifera ligustica

FAN Yingxi(), LIU Yao, ZHENG Qiulan, ZHENG Huoqing()

College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received:2025-03-06 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究以色列急性麻痹病毒(Israeli acute paralysis virus, IAPV)对意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)蜂王浆分泌的影响,在确认其偏好感染咽下腺和上颚腺的基础上,对新出房工蜂分别饲喂含3种不同浓度IAPV的蔗糖溶液。通过转录组测序初步分析病毒对工蜂蜂王浆分泌的影响,并采用RT-qPCR和液相色谱法分别检测蜂王浆主蛋白(major royal jelly protein, mrjp)基因的相对表达量和10-羟基-2-癸烯酸(10-HDA)的含量。结果显示:外源接种高浓度病毒显著降低工蜂存活率,其中位生存期仅为16.5 d,并显著影响工蜂头部的蛋白质合成与脂肪酸合成相关通路。RT-qPCR和液相色谱结果进一步表明,在第18天,与对照组相比,接种高浓度病毒的工蜂mrjp1基因相对表达量下降96%,每只工蜂的10-HDA含量降低11.98 μg。以上结果说明,IAPV通过抑制蜂王浆主蛋白与脂肪酸的合成,进而影响蜂王浆的分泌。

关键词: 意大利蜜蜂, 以色列急性麻痹病毒, 蜂王浆, 生产性状

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) on royal jelly production in Apis mellifera ligustica, newly emerged worker bees were fed sucrose solutions containing three different concentrations of IAPV, following confirmation of the virus’s preferential infection of the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands. Transcriptome sequencing was first employed to preliminarily assess the virus’s effects on royal jelly secretion. Subsequently, RT-qPCR and liquid chromatography were used to measure the relative expression levels of major royal jelly protein (mrjp) genes and the content of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), respectively. The results showed that high-concentration viral inoculation significantly reduced worker bee survival rates, with a median lifespan of only 16.5 days, and markedly disrupted protein and fatty acid synthesis pathways in the bees’ heads. Further analysis by RT-qPCR and liquid chromatography revealed that, by day 18, high-concentration viral infection led to a 96% decrease in mrjp1 gene expression and an 11.98 μg reduction per bee in 10-HDA content. These findings demonstrate that IAPV impairs royal jelly secretion by suppressing the synthesis of major royal jelly proteins and fatty acids.

Key words: Apis mellifera ligustica, Israeli acute paralysis virus, royal jelly, production trait

中图分类号:

S895

范盈禧, 刘瑶, 郑秋岚, 郑火青. 以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对意大利蜜蜂分泌蜂王浆的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(2): 217-224.

FAN Yingxi, LIU Yao, ZHENG Qiulan, ZHENG Huoqing. Impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus infection on the production of royal jelly in Apis mellifera ligustica[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(2): 217-224.

图/表 6

表1 以色列急性麻痹病毒与mrjp基因的引物信息

Table 1 Information of primers for Israeli acute paralysis virus and mrjp genes

病毒或基因名称 Name of virus or gene	正向引物序列(5'→3') Forward primer sequence(5'→3')	反向引物序列(5'→3') Reverse primer sequence(5'→3')	参考文献 Reference
以色列急性麻痹病毒	TCGCTGAAGGCATGTATTTC	ATTACCACTGCTCCGACACA	[15]
Israeli acute paralysis virus
mrjp1	TATTCCATTGCTTCGTTACTCG	TCTTGTCTTCTTTCATCGCTACC	[16]
mrjp2	AACTGTACCTGTATGTGCTCCAAA	TATAGCTTGAACAGCCAAAGACAC	[16]
mrjp3	GATGTGGACAGATGGCGTGA	CTGTCAAATTTGTCGACCGCA	[17]
β-actin	TTGTATGCCAACACTGTCCTTT	TGGCGCGATGATCTTAATTT	[18]

图1 以色列急性麻痹病毒的组织偏好性病毒拷贝数以其常用对数值表示。柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Tissue tropism of Israeli acute paralysis virus The viral copy number is expressed as the common logarithm value.Data on the columns marked without the same lowercase letter indicated significant differences at p<0.05. The same as below.

图2 以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对工蜂生理状态的影响 A,不同浓度IAPV处理后工蜂头部的病毒滴度;B,不同浓度IAPV处理下工蜂的存活率;C,不同浓度IAPV处理下工蜂的取食量。ADI,日均摄食量。线上无相同字母的表示差异显著(p<0.05)。*表示p<0.05,**表示p<0.01,***表示p<0.001。

Fig.2 Impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus infection on worker bees physiology A, Viral titer in worker bee heads after treatment with different concentrations of IAPV; B, Survival rate of worker bees following treatment with different concentrations of IAPV; C, Food consumption of work bees after treatment with different concentrations of IAPV. ADI, Average daily intake. Dots in the line marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at p<0.05. * indicates p<0.05, ** indicates p<0.01, *** indicates p<0.001.

图3 以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对工蜂头部转录组的影响 A,头部基因表达模式的主成分分析;B,差异表达基因火山图;C,表达差异最显著的基因;D,差异表达基因的GO功能富集分析;E,差异表达基因的KEGG通路富集分析;F,差异表达基因的蛋白质互作网络。

Fig.3 Impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus infection on the transcriptional profile of worker bees heads A, Principal component analysis of head gene expression; B, Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes; C, Genes exhibiting the most significant expression differences; D, GO functional enrichment analysis of DEG; E, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEG; F, Protein-protein interaction network of DEG.

图4 不同浓度以色列急性麻痹病毒感染后工蜂头部mrjp1(A)、mrjp2(B)和mrjp3(C)的相对表达水平虚线表示对照组。*表示同一时间点各组之间差异显著(p<0.05)。

Fig.4 Relative expression levels of mrjp1(A), mrjp2(B), mrjp3(C) in the heads of worker bees after infection with different concentrations of Israeli acute paralysis virus The dashed line indicates the control group. * indicates the significant difference (p<0.05) compared with the control group.

图5 第18天工蜂头部的10-HDA含量

Fig.5 10-HDA content in the head of individual worker bees on day 18

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以色列急性麻痹病毒感染对意大利蜜蜂分泌蜂王浆的影响

Impact of Israeli acute paralysis virus infection on the production of royal jelly in Apis mellifera ligustica

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