浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 2059-2067.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.08
毛奇1,2(
), 杨有新3, 范飞军4, 万红建1, 周国治1, 姚祝平1, 阮美颖1, 王荣青1, 叶青静1, 李志邈1, 陈双臣2, 程远1,*(
)
收稿日期:2020-10-16
出版日期:2021-11-25
发布日期:2021-11-26
作者简介:*程远, E-mail: Chengyuan1005@126.com通讯作者:
程远
基金资助:
MAO Qi1,2(
), YANG Youxin3, FAN Feijun4, WAN Hongjian1, ZHOU Guozhi1, YAO Zhuping1, RUAN Meiying1, WANG Rongqing1, YE Qingjing1, LI Zhimiao1, CHEN Shuangchen2, CHENG Yuan1,*(
)
Received:2020-10-16
Online:2021-11-25
Published:2021-11-26
Contact:
CHENG Yuan
摘要:
为探究不同LED光质对辣椒采后果实品质的影响,以黑暗处理为对照,采用LED白光、红光和蓝光分别对辣椒(Capsicum annum L.)P1833的采后果实进行处理,并对果实质量和硬度、辣椒素类物质、维生素C、氨基酸含量等商品性和风味营养指标进行了测定和比较分析。结果表明,与对照相比,LED白光处理可显著降低辣椒果实中的辣椒素类物质含量,提高叶绿素含量(P<0.05);LED红光处理的辣椒果实质量和硬度与对照相比无显著差异,蛋白质和维生素C含量显著高于对照(P<0.05);LED蓝光处理果实辣椒素类物质含量显著低于对照,显著高于LED白光和红光处理,维生素C含量显著高于对照和白光处理(P<0.05)。此外,LED蓝光处理辣椒果实中的总氨基酸、人体必需氨基酸、儿童必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸含量均达到或接近对照的2倍,且人体必需氨基酸营养价值质量分数明显高于对照和其他光质处理。综上,LED白光能够延缓辣椒果实褪绿,LED红光可保持果实商品性,LED蓝光在增加果实氨基酸营养价值方面具有重要调控作用。
中图分类号:
毛奇, 杨有新, 范飞军, 万红建, 周国治, 姚祝平, 阮美颖, 王荣青, 叶青静, 李志邈, 陈双臣, 程远. 不同发光二极管(LED)光质对辣椒(Capsicum annum L.)采后品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(11): 2059-2067.
MAO Qi, YANG Youxin, FAN Feijun, WAN Hongjian, ZHOU Guozhi, YAO Zhuping, RUAN Meiying, WANG Rongqing, YE Qingjing, LI Zhimiao, CHEN Shuangchen, CHENG Yuan. Effect of different light-emitting diode (LED) light treatments on postharvest quality of chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(11): 2059-2067.
图2 不同LED光质处理下P1833辣椒果实中辣椒素类物质含量 不同小写字母分别表示差异显著(P<0.05);辣椒素类物质含量=辣椒素含量+二氢辣椒素含量。下同。
Fig.2 Capsaicinoid content of P1833 pepper fruits under different LED light treatments The bars with different letters indicated the significant difference at P<0.05 level. Capsaicinoid content= Capsaicin content+ Dihydrocapsaicin content.The same as below.
图3 不同LED光质处理下P1833辣椒果实的质量占比(A)、硬度(B)、蛋白质含量(C)、叶绿素含量(D)、总胡萝卜含量(E)和维生素C含量(F) 果实质量占比(%)=(不同LED光质处理后辣椒果实质量/不同LED光质未处理时辣椒果实质量)×100。
Fig.3 Fruit weight percentage (A), fruit hardness (B), protein content (C), chlorophyll content (D), total carotnoids content (E) and VC content (F) of P1833 pepper fruits under different LED light treatments Fruit weight percentage(%)=(pepper fruit weight after different LED light treatments/ pepper fruit weight without different LED light quality treatments)×100.
| 处理 Treatment | 天门冬 氨酸 AspBD | 苏氨 酸 ThrA | 丝氨 酸 SerB | 谷氨 酸 GluBD | 脯氨 酸 ProB | 甘氨 酸 GlyB | 丙氨 酸 AlaB | 缬氨 酸 ValA | 蛋氨 酸 MetA | 异亮 氨酸 IleA | 亮氨 酸 LeuA | 酪氨 酸 TyrB | 苯丙 氨酸 PheA | 组氨 酸 HisC | 赖氨 酸 LysA | 精氨 酸 ArgC | 胱氨 酸 CysB | T | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 黑暗Dark | 253.6 | 144.7 | 168.8 | 357.9 | 173.6 | 177.7 | 188.5 | 146.2 | 29.1 | 118.8 | 291.7 | 135.3 | 178.5 | 77.7 | 206.1 | 195.6 | 20.1 | 2863.7 | 1115.0 | 1475.4 | 273.3 | 611.5 |
| 白光 White light | 233.2 | 153.5 | 174.9 | 358.4 | 190.1 | 190.4 | 204.3 | 154.3 | 40.9 | 11.4 | 305.5 | 140.2 | 184.2 | 55.6 | 220.6 | 188.2 | 24.2 | 2829.7 | 1070.4 | 1515.6 | 243.7 | 591.6 |
| 红光 Red light | 280.9 | 171.7 | 196.5 | 394.1 | 212.8 | 215.7 | 227.0 | 163.7 | 30.7 | 130.4 | 344.3 | 153.7 | 213.3 | 88.3 | 241.8 | 255.6 | 27.4 | 3348.1 | 1296.0 | 1708.2 | 343.9 | 675.0 |
| 蓝光 Blue light | 443.8 | 288.7 | 312.1 | 581.9 | 232.7 | 367.6 | 380.9 | 306.1 | 74.2 | 248.3 | 609.0 | 264.0 | 360.6 | 143.5 | 430.2 | 352.8 | 19.7 | 5416.0 | 2317.0 | 2602.7 | 496.3 | 1025.7 |
| 变异系数 | 31.68 | 35.3 | 31.5 | 25.3 | 12.8 | 37.0 | 35.4 | 39.5 | 48.0 | 76.1 | 38.51 | 35.2 | 36.6 | 41.0 | 38.1 | 30.7 | 16.1 | 33.9 | 35.0 | 25.0 | 28.8 | 24.2 |
| CV/% |
表1 不同光质处理对P1833辣椒果实不同氨基酸成分含量的影响
Table 1 Effects of light quality on the amino acid composition and contents of pepper P1833 mg·100g-1
| 处理 Treatment | 天门冬 氨酸 AspBD | 苏氨 酸 ThrA | 丝氨 酸 SerB | 谷氨 酸 GluBD | 脯氨 酸 ProB | 甘氨 酸 GlyB | 丙氨 酸 AlaB | 缬氨 酸 ValA | 蛋氨 酸 MetA | 异亮 氨酸 IleA | 亮氨 酸 LeuA | 酪氨 酸 TyrB | 苯丙 氨酸 PheA | 组氨 酸 HisC | 赖氨 酸 LysA | 精氨 酸 ArgC | 胱氨 酸 CysB | T | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 黑暗Dark | 253.6 | 144.7 | 168.8 | 357.9 | 173.6 | 177.7 | 188.5 | 146.2 | 29.1 | 118.8 | 291.7 | 135.3 | 178.5 | 77.7 | 206.1 | 195.6 | 20.1 | 2863.7 | 1115.0 | 1475.4 | 273.3 | 611.5 |
| 白光 White light | 233.2 | 153.5 | 174.9 | 358.4 | 190.1 | 190.4 | 204.3 | 154.3 | 40.9 | 11.4 | 305.5 | 140.2 | 184.2 | 55.6 | 220.6 | 188.2 | 24.2 | 2829.7 | 1070.4 | 1515.6 | 243.7 | 591.6 |
| 红光 Red light | 280.9 | 171.7 | 196.5 | 394.1 | 212.8 | 215.7 | 227.0 | 163.7 | 30.7 | 130.4 | 344.3 | 153.7 | 213.3 | 88.3 | 241.8 | 255.6 | 27.4 | 3348.1 | 1296.0 | 1708.2 | 343.9 | 675.0 |
| 蓝光 Blue light | 443.8 | 288.7 | 312.1 | 581.9 | 232.7 | 367.6 | 380.9 | 306.1 | 74.2 | 248.3 | 609.0 | 264.0 | 360.6 | 143.5 | 430.2 | 352.8 | 19.7 | 5416.0 | 2317.0 | 2602.7 | 496.3 | 1025.7 |
| 变异系数 | 31.68 | 35.3 | 31.5 | 25.3 | 12.8 | 37.0 | 35.4 | 39.5 | 48.0 | 76.1 | 38.51 | 35.2 | 36.6 | 41.0 | 38.1 | 30.7 | 16.1 | 33.9 | 35.0 | 25.0 | 28.8 | 24.2 |
| CV/% |
| 氨基酸种类 Amino acid type | 氨基酸模式谱 Amino acid pattern spectrum | 黑暗 Dark | 白光 White light | 红光 Red light | 蓝光 Blue light | 平均值 Average | 变异 系数 CV/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苏氨酸Threonine (Thr) | 4.00 | 5.05 | 5.42 | 5.13 | 5.33 | 5.23±0.17 | 3.30 |
| 缬氨酸Valine (Val) | 5.00 | 5.11 | 5.45 | 4.89 | 5.65 | 5.28±0.34 | 6.49 |
| 异亮氨酸Isoleucine (Ile) | 4.00 | 4.15 | 0.40 | 3.90 | 4.58 | 3.26±1.92 | 59.04 |
| 亮氨酸Leucine (Leu) | 7.00 | 10.19 | 10.79 | 10.28 | 11.24 | 10.63±0.49 | 4.61 |
| 赖氨酸Lysine (Lys) | 5.50 | 7.20 | 7.80 | 7.22 | 7.94 | 7.54±0.39 | 5.12 |
| 蛋氨酸Methionine (Met)+ 胱氨酸Cystine (Cys) | 3.50 | 1.72 | 2.30 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.87±0.29 | 15.26 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phenylalanine (Phe)+酪氨酸Tyrosine (Tyr) | 6.00 | 10.96 | 11.46 | 10.96 | 11.53 | 11.23±0.31 | 2.77 |
表2 不同光照处理下P1833果实人体必需氨基酸构成分析(参照氨基酸模式谱)
Table 2 Analysis of human essential amino acid ratio in pepper P1833 under different light qualities according to the amino acid pattern spectrum
| 氨基酸种类 Amino acid type | 氨基酸模式谱 Amino acid pattern spectrum | 黑暗 Dark | 白光 White light | 红光 Red light | 蓝光 Blue light | 平均值 Average | 变异 系数 CV/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苏氨酸Threonine (Thr) | 4.00 | 5.05 | 5.42 | 5.13 | 5.33 | 5.23±0.17 | 3.30 |
| 缬氨酸Valine (Val) | 5.00 | 5.11 | 5.45 | 4.89 | 5.65 | 5.28±0.34 | 6.49 |
| 异亮氨酸Isoleucine (Ile) | 4.00 | 4.15 | 0.40 | 3.90 | 4.58 | 3.26±1.92 | 59.04 |
| 亮氨酸Leucine (Leu) | 7.00 | 10.19 | 10.79 | 10.28 | 11.24 | 10.63±0.49 | 4.61 |
| 赖氨酸Lysine (Lys) | 5.50 | 7.20 | 7.80 | 7.22 | 7.94 | 7.54±0.39 | 5.12 |
| 蛋氨酸Methionine (Met)+ 胱氨酸Cystine (Cys) | 3.50 | 1.72 | 2.30 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.87±0.29 | 15.26 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phenylalanine (Phe)+酪氨酸Tyrosine (Tyr) | 6.00 | 10.96 | 11.46 | 10.96 | 11.53 | 11.23±0.31 | 2.77 |
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