浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1416-1426.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.19
叶雷1,2(), 张波1, 杨学圳1, 李小林1, 张小平2,*(
), 谭伟1,*(
)
收稿日期:
2022-08-10
出版日期:
2023-06-25
发布日期:
2023-07-04
通讯作者:
*谭伟,E-mail:332528058@qq.com;张小平,E-mail:zhangxiaopingphd@126.com
作者简介:
叶雷(1992—),男,四川宜宾人,博士研究生,助理研究员,研究方向为毛木耳、块菌等珍稀食(药)用菌遗传育种、高效栽培与微生物资源利用。E-mail:357148458@qq.com
基金资助:
YE Lei1,2(), ZHANG Bo1, YANG Xuezhen1, LI Xiaolin1, ZHANG Xiaoping2,*(
), TAN Wei1,*(
)
Received:
2022-08-10
Online:
2023-06-25
Published:
2023-07-04
摘要:
为评价竹屑用作毛木耳栽培代料的可行性,设计4个替代比例栽培毛木耳,以原配方为对照(CK),开展试验,对菌棒发菌、出耳单产、耳片性状,以及子实体营养成分和氨基酸组成等进行测定,并采用主成分分析、聚类热图分析、方差分析和氨基酸比值系数法等综合评价竹屑替代对毛木耳的影响。结果显示,用8%竹屑替代CK中相同比例的木屑进行毛木耳生产是可行的。用竹屑部分替代木屑,可显著(P<0.05)提高毛木耳子实体的氨基酸、灰分和蛋白质含量,显著降低粗纤维含量,且8%~16%的竹屑替代木屑还能显著提高子实体的粗多糖含量。从各处理(含CK)的毛木耳子实体中均检测到17种氨基酸,包括7种必需氨基酸,其必需氨基酸含量高于FAO(联合国粮食及农业组织)/WHO(世界卫生组织)模式谱,低于全鸡蛋模式谱,赖氨酸为第一限制性氨基酸。各处理下,干耳的铅、镉含量均符合相应的国家食品安全标准。综上,用8%的竹屑等量替代木屑不仅可用于毛木耳栽培,还能促进子实体的氨基酸积累,提高子实体的鲜味和蛋白营养。
中图分类号:
叶雷, 张波, 杨学圳, 李小林, 张小平, 谭伟. 竹屑替代木屑栽培毛木耳的可行性及其品质综合评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(6): 1416-1426.
YE Lei, ZHANG Bo, YANG Xuezhen, LI Xiaolin, ZHANG Xiaoping, TAN Wei. Feasibility of Auricularia cornea cultivation with bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust and comprehensive evaluation of quality[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1416-1426.
处理 Treatment | MGR/(cm·d-1) | MGV | CR/% | TE/mm | SA/cm2 | TDY/g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.52±0.01 a | +++ | 5.73±0.24 c | 0.68±0.03 a | 3 496.80±327.34 a | 114.87±2.86 a |
ZX8 | 0.46±0.03 ab | +++ | 2.38±0.59 d | 0.58±0.02 ab | 3 224.64±161.43 ab | 113.83±2.29 a |
ZX16 | 0.45±0.05 ab | ++ | 2.76±0.36 d | 0.60±0.05 b | 2 849.94±286.42 bc | 106.95±6.29 ab |
ZX24 | 0.42±0.06 b | ++ | 7.05±0.15 b | 0.55±0.03 cd | 2 459.45±475.42 c | 102.85±7.65 b |
ZX32 | 0.48±0.02 ab | + | 9.22±0.86 a | 0.52±0.02 d | 2 459.46±308.18 c | 101.63±6.23 b |
表1 不同处理对毛木耳菌丝生长和产量的影响
Table 1 Effects of different treatments on mycelium growth and yield of A. cornea
处理 Treatment | MGR/(cm·d-1) | MGV | CR/% | TE/mm | SA/cm2 | TDY/g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.52±0.01 a | +++ | 5.73±0.24 c | 0.68±0.03 a | 3 496.80±327.34 a | 114.87±2.86 a |
ZX8 | 0.46±0.03 ab | +++ | 2.38±0.59 d | 0.58±0.02 ab | 3 224.64±161.43 ab | 113.83±2.29 a |
ZX16 | 0.45±0.05 ab | ++ | 2.76±0.36 d | 0.60±0.05 b | 2 849.94±286.42 bc | 106.95±6.29 ab |
ZX24 | 0.42±0.06 b | ++ | 7.05±0.15 b | 0.55±0.03 cd | 2 459.45±475.42 c | 102.85±7.65 b |
ZX32 | 0.48±0.02 ab | + | 9.22±0.86 a | 0.52±0.02 d | 2 459.46±308.18 c | 101.63±6.23 b |
处理Treatment | 灰分Ash | 粗纤维Crude fiber | 蛋白质Protein | 粗多糖Crude polysaccharides |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 17.15±0.05 c | 421.05±17.66 a | 75.19±1.13 d | 25.53±0.29 b |
ZX8 | 18.65±0.35 b | 383.55±2.15 b | 81.32±0.98 c | 26.98±0.06 a |
ZX16 | 18.56±0.01 b | 380.38±0.16 b | 80.11±0.01 c | 26.81±0.06 a |
ZX24 | 18.55±0.25 b | 387.95±1.35 b | 87.13±0.50 a | 22.63±0.02 d |
ZX32 | 19.45±0.05 a | 353.35±16.25 c | 85.10±0.42 b | 24.51±0.04 c |
表2 不同处理的毛木耳子实体营养成分
Table 2 Nutrient comparison of A. cornea cultivated with different formulas g·kg-1
处理Treatment | 灰分Ash | 粗纤维Crude fiber | 蛋白质Protein | 粗多糖Crude polysaccharides |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 17.15±0.05 c | 421.05±17.66 a | 75.19±1.13 d | 25.53±0.29 b |
ZX8 | 18.65±0.35 b | 383.55±2.15 b | 81.32±0.98 c | 26.98±0.06 a |
ZX16 | 18.56±0.01 b | 380.38±0.16 b | 80.11±0.01 c | 26.81±0.06 a |
ZX24 | 18.55±0.25 b | 387.95±1.35 b | 87.13±0.50 a | 22.63±0.02 d |
ZX32 | 19.45±0.05 a | 353.35±16.25 c | 85.10±0.42 b | 24.51±0.04 c |
图2 氨基酸组成与样本关系的聚类热图 Thr,苏氨酸;Val,缬氨酸;Leu,亮氨酸;Ala,丙氨酸;Ile,异亮氨酸;Lys,赖氨酸;His,组氨酸;Ser,丝氨酸;Gly,甘氨酸;Pro,脯氨酸;Tyr,酪氨酸;Arg,精氨酸;Cys,半胱氨酸;Met,蛋氨酸;Phe,苯丙氨酸;Asp,天冬氨酸;Glu,谷氨酸。下同。区域颜色越偏向红色,代表样品中对应氨基酸的含量越高,反之越低。
Fig.2 Clustering heat map of amino acids composition and samples Thr, Threonine; Val, Valine; Leu, Leucine; Ala, Alanine; Ile, Isoleucine; Lys, Lysine; His, Histidine; Ser, Serine; Gly, Glycine; Pro, Proline; Tyr, Tyrosine; Arg, Arginine; Cys, Cysteine; Met, Methionine; Phe, Phenylalanine; Asp, Asparticacid; Glu, Glutamicacid. The same as below. The darker red indicate higher amino acid content in the relevant samples, and vice versa.
指标Index | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸Thr/(g·kg-1) | 3.95±0.04 e | 4.38±0.06 d | 4.52±0.01 c | 4.72±0.08 b | 4.85±0.03 a |
缬氨酸Val/(g·kg-1) | 3.74±0.01 c | 4.15±0.05 bc | 4.27±0.01 b | 4.53±0.07 b | 5.16±0.54 a |
异亮氨酸Ile/(g·kg-1) | 2.39±0.01 d | 2.68±0.01 c | 2.79±0.02 b | 2.95±0.07 a | 2.99±0.01 a |
蛋氨酸Met/(g·kg-1) | 0.48±0.12 b | 0.71±0.01 a | 0.73±0.01 a | 0.73±0.01 a | 0.69±0.01 a |
亮氨酸Leu/(g·kg-1) | 4.86±0.04 e | 5.34±0.09 d | 5.54±0.02 c | 5.88±0.08 b | 6.02±0.06 a |
苯丙氨酸Phe/(g·kg-1) | 1.53±0.02 e | 1.71±0.01 d | 1.88±0.01 c | 1.93±0.04 b | 2.01±0.01 a |
赖氨酸Lys/(g·kg-1) | 2.63±0.06 d | 2.96±0.03 c | 3.08±0.03 b | 3.19±0.08 a | 2.99±0.09 bc |
天门冬氨酸Asp/(g·kg-1) | 7.01±0.07 d | 7.82±0.16 c | 8.03±0.02 b | 8.55±0.10 a | 8.59±0.12 a |
丝氨酸Ser/(g·kg-1) | 3.35±0.02 c | 3.89±0.03 b | 3.81±0.01 b | 3.92±0.10 a | 3.96±0.02 a |
谷氨酸Glu/(g·kg-1) | 6.81±0.04 c | 7.74±0.05 b | 7.76±0.04 b | 8.06±0.14 a | 8.17±0.09 a |
甘氨酸Gly/(g·kg-1) | 3.25±0.06 d | 3.58±0.04 c | 3.89±0.01 b | 3.93±0.03 a | 4.01±0.09 a |
丙氨酸Ala/(g·kg-1) | 4.69±0.11 d | 5.09±0.12 c | 5.41±0.09 b | 5.51±0.09 b | 5.73±0.11 a |
酪氨酸Tyr/(g·kg-1) | 3.39±0.08 d | 3.80±0.04 c | 4.11±0.11 b | 4.20±0.02 ab | 4.26±0.09 a |
组氨酸His/(g·kg-1) | 2.58±0.09 c | 2.91±0.02 b | 2.99±0.01 b | 3.14±0.04 a | 3.22±0.05 a |
精氨酸Arg/(g·kg-1) | 2.95±0.04 e | 3.36±0.06 d | 3.46±0.01 c | 3.69±0.01 b | 3.58±0.03 a |
脯氨酸Pro/(g·kg-1) | 3.41±0.04 c | 3.68±0.01 a | 3.61±0.01 b | 3.57±0.01 b | 3.69±0.04 a |
半胱氨酸Cys/(g·kg-1) | 3.10±0.11 c | 3.18±0.16 bc | 3.29±0.29 abc | 3.50±0.07 a | 3.49±0.07 ab |
EAA/(g·kg-1) | 19.57±0.29 e | 21.93±0.24 d | 22.80±0.07 c | 23.94±0.40 b | 24.71±0.37 a |
NEAA/(g·kg-1) | 40.55±0.62 d | 44.95±0.67 c | 46.26±0.50 b | 48.08±0.70 a | 48.70±0.70 a |
TAA/(g·kg-1) | 60.12±0.91 e | 66.88±9.12 d | 69.05±0.57 c | 72.01±0.86 b | 73.41±0.33 a |
MAA/(g·kg-1) | 24.90±0.41 d | 28.08±0.29 c | 29.00±0.10 b | 30.37±0.44 a | 30.47±0.33 a |
UAA/(g·kg-1) | 24.71±0.33 d | 27.61±0.44 c | 28.44±0.15 b | 29.74±0.36 a | 30.08±0.43 a |
SAA/(g·kg-1) | 21.29±0.30 d | 23.48±0.27 c | 24.22±0.12 b | 24.86±0.38 a | 25.23±0.37 a |
BAA/(g·kg-1) | 18.52±0.32 e | 20.86±0.24 d | 21.65±0.05 c | 22.85±0.22 b | 23.67±0.40 a |
DAA/(g·kg-1) | 53.62±0.72 e | 59.90±0.72 d | 61.65±0.23 c | 64.31±0.84 b | 65.67±0.17 a |
UAA/TAA | 0.411±0.001 a | 0.413±0.001 a | 0.412±0.002 a | 0.413±0.001 a | 0.409±0.004 a |
SAA/TAA | 0.354±0.001 a | 0.351±0.001 a | 0.351±0.001 a | 0.345±0.001 b | 0.343±0.003 b |
BAA/TAA | 0.308±0.001 c | 0.312±0.002 bc | 0.313±0.002 bc | 0.317±0.001 ab | 0.322±0.007 a |
(UAA+SAA)/BAA | 2.484±0.009 a | 2.449±0.006 ab | 2.431±0.006 ab | 2.389±0.009 bc | 2.337±0.073 c |
表3 不同处理的毛木耳子实体氨基酸组成
Table 3 Amino acid composition of A. cornea under different treatments
指标Index | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸Thr/(g·kg-1) | 3.95±0.04 e | 4.38±0.06 d | 4.52±0.01 c | 4.72±0.08 b | 4.85±0.03 a |
缬氨酸Val/(g·kg-1) | 3.74±0.01 c | 4.15±0.05 bc | 4.27±0.01 b | 4.53±0.07 b | 5.16±0.54 a |
异亮氨酸Ile/(g·kg-1) | 2.39±0.01 d | 2.68±0.01 c | 2.79±0.02 b | 2.95±0.07 a | 2.99±0.01 a |
蛋氨酸Met/(g·kg-1) | 0.48±0.12 b | 0.71±0.01 a | 0.73±0.01 a | 0.73±0.01 a | 0.69±0.01 a |
亮氨酸Leu/(g·kg-1) | 4.86±0.04 e | 5.34±0.09 d | 5.54±0.02 c | 5.88±0.08 b | 6.02±0.06 a |
苯丙氨酸Phe/(g·kg-1) | 1.53±0.02 e | 1.71±0.01 d | 1.88±0.01 c | 1.93±0.04 b | 2.01±0.01 a |
赖氨酸Lys/(g·kg-1) | 2.63±0.06 d | 2.96±0.03 c | 3.08±0.03 b | 3.19±0.08 a | 2.99±0.09 bc |
天门冬氨酸Asp/(g·kg-1) | 7.01±0.07 d | 7.82±0.16 c | 8.03±0.02 b | 8.55±0.10 a | 8.59±0.12 a |
丝氨酸Ser/(g·kg-1) | 3.35±0.02 c | 3.89±0.03 b | 3.81±0.01 b | 3.92±0.10 a | 3.96±0.02 a |
谷氨酸Glu/(g·kg-1) | 6.81±0.04 c | 7.74±0.05 b | 7.76±0.04 b | 8.06±0.14 a | 8.17±0.09 a |
甘氨酸Gly/(g·kg-1) | 3.25±0.06 d | 3.58±0.04 c | 3.89±0.01 b | 3.93±0.03 a | 4.01±0.09 a |
丙氨酸Ala/(g·kg-1) | 4.69±0.11 d | 5.09±0.12 c | 5.41±0.09 b | 5.51±0.09 b | 5.73±0.11 a |
酪氨酸Tyr/(g·kg-1) | 3.39±0.08 d | 3.80±0.04 c | 4.11±0.11 b | 4.20±0.02 ab | 4.26±0.09 a |
组氨酸His/(g·kg-1) | 2.58±0.09 c | 2.91±0.02 b | 2.99±0.01 b | 3.14±0.04 a | 3.22±0.05 a |
精氨酸Arg/(g·kg-1) | 2.95±0.04 e | 3.36±0.06 d | 3.46±0.01 c | 3.69±0.01 b | 3.58±0.03 a |
脯氨酸Pro/(g·kg-1) | 3.41±0.04 c | 3.68±0.01 a | 3.61±0.01 b | 3.57±0.01 b | 3.69±0.04 a |
半胱氨酸Cys/(g·kg-1) | 3.10±0.11 c | 3.18±0.16 bc | 3.29±0.29 abc | 3.50±0.07 a | 3.49±0.07 ab |
EAA/(g·kg-1) | 19.57±0.29 e | 21.93±0.24 d | 22.80±0.07 c | 23.94±0.40 b | 24.71±0.37 a |
NEAA/(g·kg-1) | 40.55±0.62 d | 44.95±0.67 c | 46.26±0.50 b | 48.08±0.70 a | 48.70±0.70 a |
TAA/(g·kg-1) | 60.12±0.91 e | 66.88±9.12 d | 69.05±0.57 c | 72.01±0.86 b | 73.41±0.33 a |
MAA/(g·kg-1) | 24.90±0.41 d | 28.08±0.29 c | 29.00±0.10 b | 30.37±0.44 a | 30.47±0.33 a |
UAA/(g·kg-1) | 24.71±0.33 d | 27.61±0.44 c | 28.44±0.15 b | 29.74±0.36 a | 30.08±0.43 a |
SAA/(g·kg-1) | 21.29±0.30 d | 23.48±0.27 c | 24.22±0.12 b | 24.86±0.38 a | 25.23±0.37 a |
BAA/(g·kg-1) | 18.52±0.32 e | 20.86±0.24 d | 21.65±0.05 c | 22.85±0.22 b | 23.67±0.40 a |
DAA/(g·kg-1) | 53.62±0.72 e | 59.90±0.72 d | 61.65±0.23 c | 64.31±0.84 b | 65.67±0.17 a |
UAA/TAA | 0.411±0.001 a | 0.413±0.001 a | 0.412±0.002 a | 0.413±0.001 a | 0.409±0.004 a |
SAA/TAA | 0.354±0.001 a | 0.351±0.001 a | 0.351±0.001 a | 0.345±0.001 b | 0.343±0.003 b |
BAA/TAA | 0.308±0.001 c | 0.312±0.002 bc | 0.313±0.002 bc | 0.317±0.001 ab | 0.322±0.007 a |
(UAA+SAA)/BAA | 2.484±0.009 a | 2.449±0.006 ab | 2.431±0.006 ab | 2.389±0.009 bc | 2.337±0.073 c |
氨基酸 Amino acids | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 | FAO/WHO模式谱 FAO/WHO model | 全鸡蛋模式谱 Whole egg model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸Thr | 6.56 | 6.56 | 6.55 | 6.56 | 6.60 | 4.00 | 5.10 |
缬氨酸Val | 6.22 | 6.20 | 6.18 | 6.28 | 7.02 | 5.00 | 7.30 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 3.97 | 4.00 | 4.03 | 4.09 | 4.07 | 4.00 | 6.60 |
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys | 5.95 | 5.81 | 5.82 | 5.87 | 5.70 | 3.50 | 5.50 |
亮氨酸Leu | 8.09 | 7.99 | 8.02 | 8.17 | 8.20 | 7.00 | 8.80 |
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr | 8.19 | 8.23 | 8.67 | 8.51 | 8.55 | 6.00 | 10.00 |
赖氨酸Lys | 4.37 | 4.43 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.08 | 5.50 | 6.40 |
合计Total | 43.35 | 43.22 | 43.72 | 43.92 | 44.22 | 35.00 | 49.70 |
表4 不同处理下毛木耳子实体必需氨基酸与模式谱的对比
Table 4 Comparison of essential amino acids and model spectra in fruiting bodies of A. cornea under different treatments %
氨基酸 Amino acids | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 | FAO/WHO模式谱 FAO/WHO model | 全鸡蛋模式谱 Whole egg model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸Thr | 6.56 | 6.56 | 6.55 | 6.56 | 6.60 | 4.00 | 5.10 |
缬氨酸Val | 6.22 | 6.20 | 6.18 | 6.28 | 7.02 | 5.00 | 7.30 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 3.97 | 4.00 | 4.03 | 4.09 | 4.07 | 4.00 | 6.60 |
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys | 5.95 | 5.81 | 5.82 | 5.87 | 5.70 | 3.50 | 5.50 |
亮氨酸Leu | 8.09 | 7.99 | 8.02 | 8.17 | 8.20 | 7.00 | 8.80 |
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr | 8.19 | 8.23 | 8.67 | 8.51 | 8.55 | 6.00 | 10.00 |
赖氨酸Lys | 4.37 | 4.43 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.08 | 5.50 | 6.40 |
合计Total | 43.35 | 43.22 | 43.72 | 43.92 | 44.22 | 35.00 | 49.70 |
氨基酸 Amino acids | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | |
苏氨酸Thr | 1.64 | 1.29 | 1.64 | 1.30 | 1.64 | 1.28 | 1.64 | 1.28 | 1.65 | 1.28 |
缬氨酸Val | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.24 | 0.97 | 1.26 | 0.98 | 1.40 | 1.09 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 0.99 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.79 | 1.01 | 0.79 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 1.02 | 0.79 |
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys | 1.70 | 1.34 | 1.66 | 1.31 | 1.66 | 1.30 | 1.68 | 1.31 | 1.63 | 1.26 |
亮氨酸Leu | 1.16 | 0.91 | 1.14 | 0.90 | 1.15 | 0.90 | 1.17 | 0.91 | 1.17 | 0.91 |
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr | 1.37 | 1.07 | 1.37 | 1.08 | 1.45 | 1.13 | 1.42 | 1.10 | 1.43 | 1.10 |
赖氨酸Lys | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.81 | 0.64 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 0.74 | 0.57 |
表5 不同处理下毛木耳子实体必需氨基酸的必需氨基酸比值(RAA)和比值系数(RC)
Table 5 Ratio of essential amino acid (RAA) and ratio coefficient (RC) in fruiting bodies of A. cornea under different treatments
氨基酸 Amino acids | CK | ZX8 | ZX16 | ZX24 | ZX32 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | RAA | RC | |
苏氨酸Thr | 1.64 | 1.29 | 1.64 | 1.30 | 1.64 | 1.28 | 1.64 | 1.28 | 1.65 | 1.28 |
缬氨酸Val | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.24 | 0.98 | 1.24 | 0.97 | 1.26 | 0.98 | 1.40 | 1.09 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 0.99 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.79 | 1.01 | 0.79 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 1.02 | 0.79 |
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys | 1.70 | 1.34 | 1.66 | 1.31 | 1.66 | 1.30 | 1.68 | 1.31 | 1.63 | 1.26 |
亮氨酸Leu | 1.16 | 0.91 | 1.14 | 0.90 | 1.15 | 0.90 | 1.17 | 0.91 | 1.17 | 0.91 |
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr | 1.37 | 1.07 | 1.37 | 1.08 | 1.45 | 1.13 | 1.42 | 1.10 | 1.43 | 1.10 |
赖氨酸Lys | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.81 | 0.64 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 0.74 | 0.57 |
指标Index | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值Eigenvalue | 21.59 | 2.62 | 1.91 | 0.82 | 0.62 |
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/% | 74.46 | 9.03 | 6.59 | 2.83 | 2.14 |
累积方差贡献率Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | 74.46 | 83.49 | 90.08 | 92.91 | 95.05 |
苏氨酸Thr | 0.215 | -0.011 | 0.021 | — | — |
缬氨酸Val | 0.177 | -0.045 | 0.313 | — | — |
异亮氨酸Ile | 0.213 | -0.039 | 0.002 | — | — |
蛋氨酸Met | 0.165 | 0.218 | -0.250 | — | — |
亮氨酸Leu | 0.213 | -0.071 | 0.035 | — | — |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.210 | -0.016 | 0.048 | — | — |
赖氨酸Lys | 0.184 | 0.028 | -0.330 | — | — |
天门冬氨酸Asp | 0.213 | -0.049 | -0.036 | — | — |
丝氨酸Ser | 0.207 | 0.079 | -0.071 | — | — |
谷氨酸Glu | 0.211 | 0.066 | -0.053 | — | — |
甘氨酸Gly | 0.213 | -0.029 | -0.009 | — | — |
丙氨酸Ala | 0.210 | 0.006 | 0.062 | — | — |
酪氨酸Tyr | 0.209 | 0.013 | -0.038 | — | — |
组氨酸His | 0.214 | 0.001 | -0.012 | — | — |
精氨酸Arg | 0.208 | -0.027 | -0.165 | — | — |
脯氨酸Pro | 0.166 | 0.354 | 0.038 | — | — |
半胱氨酸Cys | 0.164 | -0.182 | 0.061 | — | — |
总氨基酸TAA | 0.215 | -0.006 | 0.002 | — | — |
灰分Ash | 0.196 | 0.179 | 0.135 | — | — |
粗纤维Crude fiber | -0.183 | -0.211 | -0.136 | — | — |
蛋白质Protein | 0.194 | -0.146 | -0.102 | — | — |
粗多糖Crude polysaccharides | -0.095 | 0.547 | 0.041 | — | — |
铅Pb | 0.068 | 0.390 | 0.472 | — | — |
镉Cd | 0.210 | 0.025 | 0.083 | — | — |
MGR | -0.102 | -0.066 | 0.489 | — | — |
CR | 0.088 | -0.424 | 0.383 | — | — |
TE | -0.189 | -0.016 | -0.067 | — | — |
SA | -0.171 | 0.142 | -0.069 | — | — |
TDY | -0.143 | 0.119 | 0.077 | — | — |
表6 主成分分析(PCA)的特征值、累积方差贡献率和主成分载荷矩阵
Table 6 Eigenvalues, cumulative variance contribution rate, and principal component loading matrix of principle component analysis (PCA)
指标Index | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值Eigenvalue | 21.59 | 2.62 | 1.91 | 0.82 | 0.62 |
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/% | 74.46 | 9.03 | 6.59 | 2.83 | 2.14 |
累积方差贡献率Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | 74.46 | 83.49 | 90.08 | 92.91 | 95.05 |
苏氨酸Thr | 0.215 | -0.011 | 0.021 | — | — |
缬氨酸Val | 0.177 | -0.045 | 0.313 | — | — |
异亮氨酸Ile | 0.213 | -0.039 | 0.002 | — | — |
蛋氨酸Met | 0.165 | 0.218 | -0.250 | — | — |
亮氨酸Leu | 0.213 | -0.071 | 0.035 | — | — |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.210 | -0.016 | 0.048 | — | — |
赖氨酸Lys | 0.184 | 0.028 | -0.330 | — | — |
天门冬氨酸Asp | 0.213 | -0.049 | -0.036 | — | — |
丝氨酸Ser | 0.207 | 0.079 | -0.071 | — | — |
谷氨酸Glu | 0.211 | 0.066 | -0.053 | — | — |
甘氨酸Gly | 0.213 | -0.029 | -0.009 | — | — |
丙氨酸Ala | 0.210 | 0.006 | 0.062 | — | — |
酪氨酸Tyr | 0.209 | 0.013 | -0.038 | — | — |
组氨酸His | 0.214 | 0.001 | -0.012 | — | — |
精氨酸Arg | 0.208 | -0.027 | -0.165 | — | — |
脯氨酸Pro | 0.166 | 0.354 | 0.038 | — | — |
半胱氨酸Cys | 0.164 | -0.182 | 0.061 | — | — |
总氨基酸TAA | 0.215 | -0.006 | 0.002 | — | — |
灰分Ash | 0.196 | 0.179 | 0.135 | — | — |
粗纤维Crude fiber | -0.183 | -0.211 | -0.136 | — | — |
蛋白质Protein | 0.194 | -0.146 | -0.102 | — | — |
粗多糖Crude polysaccharides | -0.095 | 0.547 | 0.041 | — | — |
铅Pb | 0.068 | 0.390 | 0.472 | — | — |
镉Cd | 0.210 | 0.025 | 0.083 | — | — |
MGR | -0.102 | -0.066 | 0.489 | — | — |
CR | 0.088 | -0.424 | 0.383 | — | — |
TE | -0.189 | -0.016 | -0.067 | — | — |
SA | -0.171 | 0.142 | -0.069 | — | — |
TDY | -0.143 | 0.119 | 0.077 | — | — |
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