种养废弃物堆肥对日光温室西葫芦养分利用和土壤性质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.20

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1427-1439.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.20

种养废弃物堆肥对日光温室西葫芦养分利用和土壤性质的影响

铁建中¹(), 刘亚昱¹, 高雪琴¹, 徐之奇¹, 胡琳莉¹^,²^,^*(), 郁继华¹^,²

1.甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州 730070
2.省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2022-08-09 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-04
通讯作者: *胡琳莉,E-mail:hull@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:铁建中(1999—),男,甘肃永登人,硕士研究生,研究方向为蔬菜栽培生理生态。E-mail:282716038@qq.com
基金资助:
甘肃省教育厅“双一流”重点科研项目(GSSYLXM-02);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-C-07);甘肃省拔尖领军人才培养计划(GSBJLJ-2021-14);现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目(GSLK-2021-6)

Effects of planting and breeding waste composting on nutrient utilization and soil properties of zucchini in greenhouse

TIE Jianzhong¹(), LIU Yayu¹, GAO Xueqin¹, XU Zhiqi¹, HU Linli¹^,²^,^*(), YU Jihua¹^,²

1. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2022-08-09 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对日光温室蔬菜栽培过量施用化肥和西北地区种养废弃物产生量大的问题,以羊粪、尾菜、牛粪、菇渣、玉米秸秆等种养废弃物为原料,设计8个配方进行好氧堆肥,以不施肥(CK1)和当地商品有机肥(CK2)为对照,除CK1外,其余处理按6 000 kg·hm^-2的施用量作基肥施入,研究不同堆肥对日光温室西葫芦养分利用和土壤性质的影响。结果表明,与CK2相比,羊粪、尾菜、秸秆按6∶3∶1的质量比混合堆肥的处理(T4),羊粪、尾菜、菇渣、秸秆按6∶2∶1∶1的质量比混合堆肥的处理(T7),其西葫芦干物质积累量分别显著(P<0.05)提高14.69%、9.97%,产量分别显著提高23.12%、18.01%。氮、磷、钾肥利用率以T4处理最高,分别较CK2处理显著提高了8.19、12.24、14.38百分点。T4处理显著提升了果实中的氮、磷、钾含量,T7处理显著提升了根中的氮、磷、钾含量。此外,T4和T7处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量亦较CK2显著增加。综上,T4处理的效果最佳,有利于西葫芦最大限度地吸收利用养分和促进营养物质向果实的分配转移,同时可以有效改善土壤理化性质,从而最终获得高产。

关键词: 种养废弃物, 西葫芦, 产量, 养分利用, 土壤

Abstract:

In view of the excessive application of chemical fertilizers in greenhouses vegetables production and the large amount of planting and breeding waste in northwest China, planting and breeding wastes, such as sheep dung, vegetable waste, cow dung, mushroom residue, straw, were used in 8 recipes of aerobic composting. The treatment without fertilization application and the treatment with local commercial organic fertilizer were set as controls, and were denoted as CK1 and CK2, respectively. Except CK1, 6 000 kg·hm^-2 composting products were applied in the other treatments, respectively, as the base fertilizer. The effects of treatments on nutrient utilization of zucchini and soil properties were studied. Compared with the CK2 treatment, the dry matter accumulation of zucchini under T4 (co-composting of sheep dung, vegetable waste and straw at a mass ratio of 6∶3∶1) and T7 (co-composting of sheep dung, vegetable waste, mushroom residue and straw at a mass ratio of 6∶2∶1∶1) was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 14.69% and 9.97%, respectively. The yield of zucchini under T4 and T7 was significantly increased by 23.12% and 18.01%, respectively. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization rates were the highest under the T4 treatment, which were significantly higher than those under CK2 by 8.19, 12.24 and 14.38 percentage points, respectively. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the fruit were significantly increased under T4 treatment than those under CK2, whiles the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the root were significantly increased under T7 treatment than those under CK2. Besides, the contents of soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly increased under T4 and T7 treatments. It was concluded that T4 treatment showed the best performance, as it was conducive to maximize the nutrient uptake and utilization capacity of zucchini, promote nutrients translocation to the fruit, as well as effectively improve soil physiochemical properties, hence to increase yield.

Key words: planting and breeding waste, zucchini, yield, nutrient utilization, soil

中图分类号:

铁建中, 刘亚昱, 高雪琴, 徐之奇, 胡琳莉, 郁继华. 种养废弃物堆肥对日光温室西葫芦养分利用和土壤性质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(6): 1427-1439.

TIE Jianzhong, LIU Yayu, GAO Xueqin, XU Zhiqi, HU Linli, YU Jihua. Effects of planting and breeding waste composting on nutrient utilization and soil properties of zucchini in greenhouse[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1427-1439.

图/表 11

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原料 Raw material	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis N/(mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)
菇渣Mushroom residue	9.10	6.65	11.4	630.58	284.33	9 253.33	470.31
牛粪Cow dung	9.00	5.71	13.3	686.58	383.29	6 786.67	510.76
羊粪Sheep dung	8.99	6.61	11.8	658.58	304.87	9 320.00	945.67
秸秆Straw	10.04	7.79	15.09	546.58	385.61	8 246.67	998.77
尾菜Vegetable waste	11.09	5.41	139.6	971.25	391.25	13 886.67	614.43

原料 Raw material	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis N/(mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)
菇渣Mushroom residue	9.10	6.65	11.4	630.58	284.33	9 253.33	470.31
牛粪Cow dung	9.00	5.71	13.3	686.58	383.29	6 786.67	510.76
羊粪Sheep dung	8.99	6.61	11.8	658.58	304.87	9 320.00	945.67
秸秆Straw	10.04	7.79	15.09	546.58	385.61	8 246.67	998.77
尾菜Vegetable waste	11.09	5.41	139.6	971.25	391.25	13 886.67	614.43

处理 Treatment	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis N/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	pH	电导率 Electric conductivity/ (mS·cm^-1)
CK2	9.19	4.27	14.60	434.58	122.11	7 596.7	227.57	8.14	4.81
T1	8.09	3.40	15.35	429.92	143.29	8 123.3	195.33	7.95	4.92
T2	9.37	4.12	13.76	415.92	100.87	7 013.3	132.75	8.07	5.33
T3	9.19	4.38	11.68	476.58	93.33	6 856.7	176.37	8.03	5.63
T4	10.13	4.54	14.99	504.58	165.40	8 860.0	394.45	8.25	6.35
T5	10.17	4.27	10.11	411.25	96.54	7 453.3	195.33	8.08	5.32
T6	10.49	4.50	14.28	415.92	166.01	8 240.0	244.64	8.13	5.91
T7	11.34	4.86	13.77	555.92	161.93	9 746.7	384.97	8.18	6.19
T8	10.90	4.64	14.00	448.58	173.55	8 530.0	252.22	8.24	6.65

处理 Treatment	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis N/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	pH	电导率 Electric conductivity/ (mS·cm^-1)
CK2	9.19	4.27	14.60	434.58	122.11	7 596.7	227.57	8.14	4.81
T1	8.09	3.40	15.35	429.92	143.29	8 123.3	195.33	7.95	4.92
T2	9.37	4.12	13.76	415.92	100.87	7 013.3	132.75	8.07	5.33
T3	9.19	4.38	11.68	476.58	93.33	6 856.7	176.37	8.03	5.63
T4	10.13	4.54	14.99	504.58	165.40	8 860.0	394.45	8.25	6.35
T5	10.17	4.27	10.11	411.25	96.54	7 453.3	195.33	8.08	5.32
T6	10.49	4.50	14.28	415.92	166.01	8 240.0	244.64	8.13	5.91
T7	11.34	4.86	13.77	555.92	161.93	9 746.7	384.97	8.18	6.19
T8	10.90	4.64	14.00	448.58	173.55	8 530.0	252.22	8.24	6.65

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/ ( t·hm^-2)	肥料贡献率 Fertilizer contribution rate/%
CK1	7.33±0.55 e	—
CK2	10.77±0.38 cd	31.59±2.43 bcd
T1	10.97±0.82 bcd	31.47±5.71 bcd
T2	10.13±0.41 d	27.18±2.99 d
T3	12.49±0.32 abc	41.15±1.50 ab
T4	13.26±0.44 a	44.46±1.93 a
T5	10.21±0.40 d	27.70±3.06 d
T6	12.43±0.81 abc	39.81±4.70 abc
T7	12.71±0.84 ab	41.34±3.75 ab
T8	10.42±0.19 d	29.55±1.33 cd

种养废弃物堆肥对日光温室西葫芦养分利用和土壤性质的影响

Effects of planting and breeding waste composting on nutrient utilization and soil properties of zucchini in greenhouse

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处理 Treat- ment	根Root		茎Stem		叶Leaf		叶柄Petiole		果实Fruit		积累总量 Total accumula- tion/g
处理 Treat- ment	干重 Dry weight/g	分配率 Partition coefficient/%	干重 Dry weight/g	分配率 Partition coefficient/%	干重 Dry weight/g	分配率 Partition coefficient/%	干重 Dry weight/g	分配率 Partition coefficient/%	干重 Dry weight/g	分配率 Partition coefficient/%	积累总量 Total accumula- tion/g
CK1	4.01± 0.02 f	1.57± 0.01 a	14.44± 0.58 d	5.63± 0.24 de	71.03± 0.52 g	27.71± 0.28 a	34.29± 0.48 f	13.37± 0.20 b	123.77± 0.75 g	51.72± 0.45 f	256.37± 1.02 f
CK2	5.93± 0.03 c	1.53± 0.01 ab	24.52± 0.42 b	6.33± 0.15 bc	102.73± 0.77 c	26.52± 0.29 b	52.28± 0.78 c	13.49± 0.15 b	185.46± 1.87 c	52.13± 0.57 ef	387.47± 4.77 d
T1	5.48± 0.03 d	1.50± 0.01 b	24.88± 0.10 b	6.83± 0.02 a	93.36± 0.71 f	25.62± 0.16 cd	48.86± 0.16 d	13.41± 0.11 b	172.58± 0.88 e	52.64± 0.26 ef	364.41± 2.15 e
T2	5.00± 0.03 e	1.37± 0.01 c	22.91± 0.47 c	6.28± 0.10 bc	97.27± 0.65 e	26.66± 0.06 b	42.84± 0.10 e	11.74± 0.05 d	168.01± 1.22 f	53.95± 0.13 cd	364.83± 1.95 e
T3	6.10± 0.08 b	1.51± 0.02 b	23.24± 0.16 c	5.75± 0.07 de	101.20± 1.49 cd	25.03± 0.26 de	47.74± 0.64 d	11.81± 0.21 d	178.27± 0.63 d	55.90± 0.06 b	404.27± 1.84 c
T4	6.18± 0.05 b	1.39± 0.01 c	27.75± 0.21 a	6.24± 0.03 c	111.55± 0.97 a	25.10± 0.15 cde	55.56± 0.74 b	12.50± 0.13 c	201.03± 1.87 a	54.76± 0.29 c	444.38± 1.37 a
T5	5.08± 0.08 e	1.25± 0.02 d	22.34± 0.75 c	5.49± 0.19 e	98.79± 0.50 de	24.27± 0.14 f	48.41± 0.67 d	11.89± 0.18 d	174.61± 1.36 de	57.10± 0.38 a	407.05± 0.46 c
T6	5.92± 0.06 c	1.39± 0.02 c	28.35± 0.36 a	6.65± 0.08 ab	105.36± 0.64 b	24.73± 0.12 ef	61.02± 1.06 a	14.32± 0.26 a	200.65± 1.15 a	52.91± 0.26 de	426.12± 2.67 b
T7	6.51± 0.08 a	1.53± 0.01 ab	27.25± 0.21 a	6.39± 0.04 bc	107.28± 0.91 b	25.18± 0.22 cde	53.15± 1.02 c	12.47± 0.23 c	194.19± 1.80 b	54.43± 0.40 c	426.11± 1.12 b
T8	5.39± 0.03 d	1.39± 0.02 c	22.85± 0.47 c	5.88± 0.07 d	100.02± 1.06 d	25.77± 0.37 c	48.86± 0.62 d	12.59± 0.12 c	177.12± 1.58 d	54.38± 0.41 c	388.25± 3.77 d

处理 Treat- ment	根Root		茎Stem		叶Leaf		叶柄Petiole		果实Fruit
处理 Treat- ment	吸氮量 N uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸氮量 N uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸氮量 N uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸氮量 N uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸氮量 N uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%
CK1	7.79± 0.10 h	0.66± 0.01 a	35.45± 1.36 g	3.02± 0.11 a	311.42± 11.88 e	26.50± 0.85 a	67.27± 2.19 g	5.73± 0.23 d	753.03± 12.65 g	64.09± 1.01 cd
CK2	17.75± 0.09 c	0.64± 0.01 ab	84.25± 1.82 bc	3.02± 0.10 a	613.62± 1.51 c	22.00± 0.25 c	179.16± 3.17 e	6.42± 0.06 bc	1 895.09± 34.71 de	67.92± 0.36 b
T1	13.92± 0.13 g	0.52± 0.01 d	80.57± 0.53 c	3.01± 0.02 a	641.45± 8.58 c	23.99± 0.15 b	204.18± 2.20 c	7.64± 0.08 a	1 733.41± 19.08 e	64.84± 0.23 c
T2	15.57± 0.07 e	0.63± 0.01 ab	61.78± 1.35 f	2.51± 0.06 b	680.20± 17.98 b	27.63± 0.65 a	159.78± 0.60 f	6.49± 0.04 bc	1 544.54± 14.31 f	62.74± 0.66 d
T3	14.10± 0.17 g	0.46± 0.01 e	68.34± 1.50 de	2.24± 0.05 c	688.98± 5.15 b	22.55± 0.18 c	208.55± 1.67 bc	6.82± 0.05 b	2 075.87± 5.83 b	67.93± 0.16 b
T4	18.25± 0.10 b	0.52± 0.01 d	86.58± 0.68 b	2.46± 0.02 bc	709.97± 13.25 b	20.17± 0.32 d	214.42± 3.14 b	6.09± 0.11 cd	2 490.27± 43.67 a	70.75± 0.44 a
T5	17.59± 0.24 c	0.62± 0.02 bc	64.50± 2.26 ef	2.29± 0.13 c	525.57± 6.28 d	18.61± 0.20 e	191.76± 2.80 d	6.80± 0.25 b	2 026.57± 64.14 c	71.68± 0.59 a
T6	14.94± 0.15 f	0.48± 0.02 e	69.31± 0.66 d	2.24± 0.06 c	617.81± 6.80 c	19.92± 0.28 de	187.89± 3.59 de	6.06± 0.17 cd	2 213.03± 62.16 a	71.30± 0.45 a
T7	19.58± 0.33 a	0.63± 0.02 ab	95.91± 0.53 a	3.09± 0.04 a	750.43± 12.77 a	24.17± 0.37 b	226.13± 5.81 a	7.28± 0.20 a	2 013.41± 25.67 cd	64.83± 0.58 c
T8	16.77± 0.13 d	0.59± 0.01 c	81.54± 1.71 c	2.88± 0.03 a	638.08± 12.50 c	22.52± 0.61 c	165.15± 2.99 f	5.83± 0.04 d	1 932.86± 34.24 cd	68.18± 0.55 b

处理 Treat- ment	根Root		茎Stem		叶Leaf		叶柄Petiole		果实Fruit
处理 Treat- ment	吸磷量 P uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸磷量 P uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸磷量 P uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸磷量 P uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸磷量 P uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%
CK1	14.61± 0.10 f	1.37± 0.01 a	51.14± 2.30 f	4.81± 0.22 cde	290.47± 4.15 g	27.32± 0.55 a	127.90± 2.30 f	12.03± 0.27 a	579.28± 11.94 g	54.46± 0.78 f
CK2	30.73± 1.36 d	1.18± 0.05 b	129.60± 1.01 d	4.97± 0.08 cde	619.07± 8.69 de	23.73± 0.29 cd	274.70± 3.40 ab	10.53± 0.15 b	1 554.93± 28.48 e	59.59± 0.56 e
T1	22.48± 0.23 e	0.91± 0.01 f	129.67± 1.93 d	5.22± 0.10 bc	567.58± 3.51 f	22.86± 0.22 de	247.01± 1.75 c	9.95± 0.11 bc	1 516.73± 15.71 ef	61.07± 0.40 cde
T2	24.16± 0.21 e	1.02± 0.02 cd	139.71± 1.83 c	5.87± 0.14 a	607.78± 4.39 e	25.54± 0.45 b	177.08± 2.67 e	7.44± 0.19 e	1 432.10± 34.08 f	60.13± 0.80 de
T3	32.60± 0.35 c	1.16± 0.02 b	153.77± 3.40 b	5.47± 0.16 ab	611.09± 7.43 e	21.73± 0.10 fg	215.25± 3.53 d	7.66± 0.18 e	1 799.79± 20.94 cd	63.99± 0.25 b
T4	34.57± 0.66 b	0.99± 0.01 de	169.29± 1.99 a	4.85± 0.03 cde	683.16± 8.63 a	19.58± 0.11 h	263.49± 5.68 b	7.55± 0.12 e	2 338.26± 25.94 a	67.02± 0.21 a
T5	23.30± 0.57 e	0.78± 0.03 g	140.37± 4.71 c	4.72± 0.25 de	635.00± 8.27 cd	21.32± 0.37 g	240.48± 2.40 c	8.08± 0.24 de	1 941.02± 64.07 b	65.10± 0.80 b
T6	31.14± 0.23 cd	1.08± 0.02 c	146.36± 2.24 bc	5.06± 0.06 bcd	662.24± 8.43 ab	22.89± 0.02 de	288.47± 6.79 a	9.98± 0.35 bc	1 765.36± 32.07 d	61.00± 0.37 cde
T7	37.16± 0.63 a	1.23± 0.03 b	146.31± 3.42 bc	4.85± 0.13 cde	679.53± 6.95 a	22.53± 0.26 ef	282.67± 10.25 a	9.37± 0.36 c	1 870.57± 28.09 bc	62.01± 0.60 c
T8	24.20± 0.33 e	0.92± 0.02 ef	118.06± 1.76 e	4.51± 0.08 e	642.07± 9.14 bc	24.50± 0.32 c	225.16± 4.39 d	8.59± 0.10 d	1 610.79± 14.43 e	61.47± 0.27 cd

处理 Treat- ment	根Root		茎Stem		叶Leaf		叶柄Petiole		果实Fruit
处理 Treat- ment	吸钾量 K uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸钾量 K uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸钾量 K uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸钾量 K uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%	吸钾量 K uptake amount/mg	分配率 Allocation rate/%
CK1	67.71± 0.75 g	0.80± 0.01 f	528.65± 20.41 g	6.23± 0.23 defg	1 904.33± 25.26 g	22.46± 0.27 d	702.52± 20.36 f	8.29± 0.28 d	5 276.40± 44.16 f	62.22± 0.37 a
CK2	121.62± 0.77 b	0.97± 0.01 b	851.83± 5.26 c	6.76± 0.07 bc	3 059.36± 32.37 c	24.27± 0.17 ab	1 180.94± 30.97 b	9.37± 0.17 b	7 390.68± 59.77 cd	58.64± 0.19 d
T1	92.06± 1.18 f	0.79± 0.01 f	905.02± 9.02 b	7.75± 0.07 a	2 791.81± 18.65 f	23.91± 0.18 bc	999.79± 8.37 d	8.56± 0.11 cd	6 886.91± 70.16 e	58.98± 0.34 cd
T2	97.81± 0.71 e	0.86± 0.01 de	721.59± 13.98 f	6.34± 0.09 def	2 803.44± 20.20 f	24.63± 0.10 a	875.86± 7.27 e	7.70± 0.07 e	6 881.95± 22.99 e	60.47± 0.10 b
T3	110.52± 1.82 c	0.87± 0.02 d	770.62± 8.30 de	6.03± 0.08 fg	2 883.94± 13.47 e	22.55± 0.11 d	1 038.47± 17.18 cd	8.12± 0.17 de	7 988.05± 69.42 b	62.45± 0.29 a
T4	138.01± 1.30 a	1.00± 0.01 ab	918.98± 4.96 ab	6.63± 0.03 bcd	3 330.11± 33.28 a	24.01± 0.18 abc	1 277.05± 18.38 a	9.21± 0.11 b	8 206.10± 23.44 a	59.16± 0.28 cd
T5	103.04± 1.95 d	0.82± 0.02 ef	806.40± 27.83 d	6.44± 0.25 cde	2 995.71± 29.22 cd	23.92± 0.10 bc	1 078.54± 16.99 c	8.61± 0.18 cd	7 541.23± 92.71 c	60.21± 0.28 b
T6	118.02± 1.11 b	0.92± 0.01 c	752.74± 13.38 ef	5.89± 0.10 g	3 023.24± 17.13 cd	23.65± 0.18 bc	1 311.29± 17.06 a	10.26± 0.13 a	7 577.66± 43.71 c	59.28± 0.19 cd
T7	139.72± 3.02 a	1.02± 0.02 a	951.32± 7.19 a	6.96± 0.04 b	3 201.22± 25.67 b	23.41± 0.23 c	1 220.93± 26.98 b	8.93± 0.19 bc	8 161.93± 53.63 ab	59.68± 0.32 bc
T8	104.57± 1.17 d	0.86± 0.01 de	748.24± 16.10 ef	6.16± 0.11 efg	2 954.26± 38.00 de	24.32± 0.41 ab	1 027.58± 12.74 cd	8.46± 0.09 cd	7 317.09± 91.86 d	60.21± 0.39 b

处理 Treatment	氮肥利用率 N use efficiency/%	磷肥利用率 P use efficiency/%	钾肥利用率 K use efficiency/%
CK2	18.14±0.42 cd	21.49±0.43 e	46.87±1.27 bc
T1	16.83±0.30 d	19.75±0.13 f	36.31±0.76 e
T2	14.45±0.13 e	18.32±0.35 g	32.96±0.60 f
T3	21.12±0.05 b	24.32±0.31 d	48.99±0.60 b
T4	26.33±0.56 a	33.73±0.54 a	61.25±0.43 a
T5	18.54±0.74 c	26.66±0.85 bc	45.96±1.08 c
T6	21.65±0.76 b	25.45±0.49 cd	48.90±0.43 b
T7	21.68±0.26 b	27.16±0.29 b	59.03±0.34 a
T8	18.64±0.34 c	21.65±0.29 e	41.72±1.00 d

处理 Treatment	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis N/(mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available phosphorus/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium/ (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	pH	电导率 Electric conductivity/ (μS·cm^-1)
CK1	52.73±0.82 h	58.95±0.64 h	164.40±3.09 g	4.25±0.08 f	8.14±0.01 a	305.97±4.17 d
CK2	88.90±0.73 d	81.54±0.59 c	259.23±0.67 d	8.51±0.05 c	8.09±0.01 b	322.50±1.32 bc
T1	86.33±0.23 e	74.00±0.66 f	230.03±0.59 f	8.06±0.08 d	8.09±0.01 b	315.33±1.20 cd
T2	75.13±0.31 g	71.33±0.28 g	228.90±1.30 f	7.87±0.05 e	8.11±0.01 b	312.07±0.64 d
T3	91.82±0.51 c	73.26±0.15 f	288.70±0.91 b	7.91±0.03 de	8.10±0.01 b	291.40±2.08 e
T4	94.38±0.51 b	87.18±0.50 a	299.83±3.85 a	9.30±0.02 a	8.04±0.01 c	330.67±4.10 b
T5	82.95±0.40 f	78.30±0.39 d	243.00±0.99 e	8.38±0.08 c	8.10±0.01 b	348.33±4.41 a
T6	83.65±0.20 f	75.60±0.37 e	262.93±0.38 d	8.78±0.04 b	8.09±0.01 b	324.33±5.21 bc
T7	96.72±0.31 a	82.98±0.20 b	298.03±0.86 a	9.46±0.07 a	8.06±0.01 c	350.33±1.45 a
T8	89.95±0.40 d	88.47±0.63 a	282.27±2.32 c	9.29±0.05 a	8.01±0.01 d	342.67±1.20 a

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