基于改进的内梅罗综合指数法的浙江省典型“非粮化”土壤肥力质量评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240531

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1755-1765.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240531

基于改进的内梅罗综合指数法的浙江省典型“非粮化”土壤肥力质量评价

高扬¹^,²(), 张瑜昕¹^,², 卜爱爱¹^,², 徐佳怡¹^,², 马嘉伟¹^,², 叶正钱¹^,², 柳丹¹^,², 方先芝¹^,²^,^*()

1.浙江农林大学全省土壤修复与质量提升重点实验室, 浙江杭州 311300
2.浙江农林大学森林食物资源挖掘与利用全国重点实验室,浙江杭州 311300

收稿日期:2024-06-20 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-03
作者简介:高扬(1999—),男,湖北神农架人,硕士研究生,主要从事耕地质量培育与提升研究。E-mail: 2022603041010@stu.zafu.edu.cn
通讯作者: *方先芝,E-mail: fangxz@zafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划(2022C02022);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划(2023C02020)

Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method

GAO Yang¹^,²(), ZHANG Yuxin¹^,², BU Aiai¹^,², XU Jiayi¹^,², MA Jiawei¹^,², YE Zhengqian¹^,², LIU Dan¹^,², FANG Xianzhi¹^,²^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Soil Remediation and Quality Improvement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. National Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received:2024-06-20 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03
Contact: FANG Xianzhi

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取雷竹林、苗木园、果园3种典型“非粮化”耕地作为研究对象,在浙江省共采集117个土壤样本,测定土壤pH值,及有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,参照全国第二次土壤普查分级标准评价样本土壤的养分水平,并采用改进的内梅罗(Nemerow)综合指数法对其土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果显示:雷竹林和果园土壤样本的肥力综合指数平均值分别为1.32和1.15,属于Ⅱ级(一般水平);苗木园土壤样本的肥力综合指数平均值为0.87,属于Ⅲ级(低水平)。具体地:雷竹林土壤样本的pH值平均值为4.94,总体呈酸性,有机质含量平均值为36.20 g·kg^-1,属于丰富水平,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量平均值分别为153.28、170.56、235.09 mg·kg^-1,均属于极丰富等级;苗木园土壤的pH值平均值为6.06,总体呈弱酸性,有机质和速效钾含量的平均值分别为16.96 g·kg^-1和73.50 mg·kg^-1,均属于中等偏下等级,碱解氮和有效磷含量的平均值分别为122.87、34.42 mg·kg^-1,均属于丰富等级;果园土壤的pH值平均值为5.13,总体呈酸性,有机质和碱解氮含量的平均值分别为22.48 g·kg^-1和117.81 mg·kg^-1,均属于中等等级,有效磷和速效钾含量的平均值分别为71.96、205.96 mg·kg^-1,均属于极丰富等级。建议各地区因地制宜地制定土壤改良和施肥规划,适量使用氮肥、钾肥,降低磷肥使用,以保证“非粮化”复耕土壤资源的可持续高效利用。

关键词: “非粮化”土壤, 土壤肥力评价, 肥力综合指数

Abstract:

In the present study, 117 soil samples were collected from three kinds of typical “non-grain” cultivated soils (bamboo forests, nurseries and orchards) in Zhejiang Province of China. The pH value and contents of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in these soil samples were measured. According to the grading standards of the Second National Soil Survey, the nutrient levels of these samples were assessed. Meanwhile, the improved Nemerow method was used to comprehensively evaluate the fertility of these soil samples. The results showed that the average comprehensive fertility index of the soil samples in bamboo forests and orchards was 1.32 and 1.15, respectively, belonging to the level Ⅱ (general level), and the average comprehensive fertility index of the soil samples in orchards was 0.87, belonging to the level Ⅲ (poor level). For the soil samples in bamboo forests, the average pH value was 4.94, which was acidic; the average organic matter content was 36.20 g·kg^-1, which was classified as the abundant level; and the average contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium were 153.28, 170.56, 235.09 mg·kg^-1, which were all classified as the extremely abundant level. For the soil samples in nurseries, the average pH value was 6.06, which was weakly acidic; the average contents of organic matter and available potassium were 16.96 g·kg^-1 and 73.50 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the moderately low level; and the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus were 122.87, 34.42 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the abundant level. For the soil samples in orchards, the average pH value was 5.13, which was acidic; the average contents of organic matter and available nitrogen were 22.48 g·kg^-1 and 117.81 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the moderate level; and the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were 71.96, 205.96 mg·kg^-1, which were classified as the extremely abundant level. It was suggested that each region should formulate soil improvement and fertilization plans tailored to local conditions, with rational application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers as well as reduced application of phosphorus fertilizer, to ensure the sustainable and efficient utilization of the re-cultivated soil resources in the future agricultural production.

Key words: “non-grain” cultivated soil, soil fertility evaluation, comprehensive fertility index

中图分类号:

S158

高扬, 张瑜昕, 卜爱爱, 徐佳怡, 马嘉伟, 叶正钱, 柳丹, 方先芝. 基于改进的内梅罗综合指数法的浙江省典型“非粮化”土壤肥力质量评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(8): 1755-1765.

GAO Yang, ZHANG Yuxin, BU Aiai, XU Jiayi, MA Jiawei, YE Zhengqian, LIU Dan, FANG Xianzhi. Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(8): 1755-1765.

图/表 6

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类型 Type	地点 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Number of samples
竹林 Bamboo forests	杭州市临安区太湖源镇 Taihuyuan Town, Lin’an District, Hangzhou	30°15'	119°35'	57
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区新桐乡 Xintong Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	29°54'	119°49'	5
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区春建乡 Chunjian Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	30°04'	119°49'	12
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区党湾镇 Dangwan Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°33'	3
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区益农镇 Yinong Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°09'	120°35'	8
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区瓜沥镇 Guali Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°28'	2
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县前吴乡 Qianwu Township, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°49'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县黄宅镇 Huangzhai Town, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°59'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县浦南街道 Punan Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°26'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县仙华街道 Xianhua Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°29'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区长山乡 Changshan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°01'	119°33'	11
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区蒋堂镇 Jiangtang Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°03'	119°27'	5
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区沙畈乡 Shafan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	28°47'	119°25'	2

类型 Type	地点 Location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Number of samples
竹林 Bamboo forests	杭州市临安区太湖源镇 Taihuyuan Town, Lin’an District, Hangzhou	30°15'	119°35'	57
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区新桐乡 Xintong Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	29°54'	119°49'	5
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市富阳区春建乡 Chunjian Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou	30°04'	119°49'	12
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区党湾镇 Dangwan Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°33'	3
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区益农镇 Yinong Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°09'	120°35'	8
苗木园 Nurseries	杭州市萧山区瓜沥镇 Guali Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou	30°12'	120°28'	2
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县前吴乡 Qianwu Township, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°49'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县黄宅镇 Huangzhai Town, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°27'	119°59'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县浦南街道 Punan Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°26'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市浦江县仙华街道 Xianhua Sub-district, Pujiang County, Jinhua City	29°29'	119°54'	3
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区长山乡 Changshan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°01'	119°33'	11
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区蒋堂镇 Jiangtang Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29°03'	119°27'	5
果园 Orchards	金华市婺城区沙畈乡 Shafan Township, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	28°47'	119°25'	2

级别Grade	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
Ⅰ级Grade Ⅰ	≥40	≥150	≥40	≥200
Ⅱ级Grade Ⅱ	30~<40	120~<150	20~<40	150~<200
Ⅲ级Grade Ⅲ	20~<30	90~<120	10~<20	100~<150
Ⅳ级Grade Ⅳ	10~<20	60~<90	5~<10	50~<100
Ⅴ级Grade Ⅴ	6~<10	30~<60	3~<5	30~<50
Ⅵ级Grade Ⅵ	<6	<30	<3	<30

级别Grade	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
Ⅰ级Grade Ⅰ	≥40	≥150	≥40	≥200
Ⅱ级Grade Ⅱ	30~<40	120~<150	20~<40	150~<200
Ⅲ级Grade Ⅲ	20~<30	90~<120	10~<20	100~<150
Ⅳ级Grade Ⅳ	10~<20	60~<90	5~<10	50~<100
Ⅴ级Grade Ⅴ	6~<10	30~<60	3~<5	30~<50
Ⅵ级Grade Ⅵ	<6	<30	<3	<30

土地类型 Soil type	项目 ltem	pH值 pH value	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
竹林 Bamboo forests	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	4.94±0.72 b	36.20±21.82 a	153.28±69.43 a	170.56±114.38 a	235.09±152.61 a
	范围Range	3.43~6.32	0.57~99.22	18.30~312.60	1.60~435.30	41.00~1 020.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	14.56	60.27	45.29	67.06	64.91
苗木园 Nurseries	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	6.06±1.42 a	16.96±9.1 b	122.87±49.36 a	34.42±26.60 b	73.50±78.91 b
	范围Range	4.00~8.28	1.90~32.22	38.90~236.80	6.60~99.80	12.00~440.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	23.52	53.64	40.17	77.27	107.37
果园 Orchards	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	5.13±0.63 b	22.48±6.10 b	117.81±41.26 a	71.96±50.30 b	205.96±188.51 a
	范围Range	3.68~6.57	12.90~38.20	54.67~210.89	6.70~169.00	56.20~846.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	12.20	27.11	35.02	69.90	91.53

基于改进的内梅罗综合指数法的浙江省典型“非粮化”土壤肥力质量评价

Evaluation of fertility quality in typical “non-grain” cultivated soils of Zhejiang Province of China based on the improved Nemerow method

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土地类型 Soil type	项目 ltem	pH值 pH value	SOM/(g·kg^-1)	SAN/(mg·kg^-1)	SAP/(mg·kg^-1)	SAK/(mg·kg^-1)
竹林 Bamboo forests	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.43±0.52 b	1.55±0.83 a	1.46±0.66 a	2.69±0.81 a	2.06±0.88 a
	范围Range	1.00~2.50	0.03~3.00	0.17~2.98	0.13~3.00	0.41~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.46	53.71	45.30	30.04	42.60
苗木园 Nurseries	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.85±0.68 a	0.75±0.40 b	1.17±0.47 a	1.97±0.99 b	0.69±0.85 c
	范围Range	1.00~3.00	0.08~1.43	0.37~2.26	0.53~3.00	0.12~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.98	53.64	40.17	50.21	83.99
果园 Orchards	平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation	1.47±0.54 b	1.00±0.27 b	1.12±0.39 a	2.53±0.79 a	1.62±0.74 b
	范围Range	1.00~3.00	0.57~1.70	0.52~2.01	0.54~3.00	0.56~3.00
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	36.84	27.11	35.02	31.22	45.65

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