植物生长调节剂对狗牙根生长特性及坪用质量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.11

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 841-852.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.11

植物生长调节剂对狗牙根生长特性及坪用质量的影响

邓丕超()

湖南高尔夫旅游职业学院高尔夫教育学院,湖南常德415000

收稿日期:2021-12-13 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-05-05
作者简介:邓丕超(1979—),男,湖南汉寿人,硕士,副教授,主要从事高尔夫球场管理方面的研究。E-mail:302725056@qq.com
基金资助:
湖南省教育规划办“十三五”规划课题(XJK17BZY008);2019年度湖南省职业院校教育教学改革研究项目(ZJGB2019380)

Effects of plant growth regulators on growth characteristics and turf quality of bermudagrass

DENG Peichao()

College of Golf Education, Hunan Golf and Tourism College, Changde 415000, Hunan, China

Received:2021-12-13 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以运动百慕大狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon× C. trasvalensis cv. Tifsport)为材料,研究不同浓度生长调节剂(抗倒酯、矮壮素、多效唑、敌草快、乙烯利和赤霉素)对狗牙根生长特性及坪用质量的影响,以期为狗牙根营养体扩繁利用相关的植物生长调节剂产品提供理论依据。结果表明:经隶属函数分析,各植物生长调节剂的推荐施用浓度为:抗倒酯2.0 kg·hm^-2、矮壮素2.0 kg·hm^-2、多效唑0.5 kg·hm^-2、敌草快0.1 kg·hm^-2、乙烯利2.0 kg·hm^-2和赤霉素0.02 kg·hm^-2。在各植物生长调节剂推荐施用浓度下,除敌草快处理外(0.1 kg·hm^-2时,损伤率就达15.3%),其他5种植物生长调节剂处理均未造成狗牙根的损伤。外施多效唑不影响狗牙根的叶色(施用多效唑后叶色评分仍在7.0以上)。与对照相比,外施抗倒酯、矮壮素、多效唑和乙烯利均明显降低狗牙根的高度和叶长(下降幅度均超过20%)。喷施乙烯利后的所有浓度处理,其匍匐茎数量无明显变化,喷施敌草快和赤霉素后可显著降低狗牙根匍匐茎的数量。敌草快不适宜用作生长抑制剂来控制狗牙根草坪草的生长。施用2.0 kg·hm^-2的抗倒酯,可以有效抑制狗牙根匍匐茎和节间长度,喷施此浓度下的抗倒酯,对狗牙根匍匐茎的数量和坪用质量未产生不良影响。

关键词: 狗牙根, 抗倒酯, 矮壮素, 赤霉素, 敌草快

Abstract:

To provide theoretical basis for the expansion of bermudagrass vegetations, Cyndon dactylon × C. trasvalensis cv. Tifsport was used as the material to study the effects of different concentrations of growth regulators (antitransexate, chlormequat, paclobutrazol, diquat, ethephon and gibberellin) on the growth characteristics and turf quality of bermudagrass. The results demonstrated that according to the subordinate function, the recommended application concentrations of the plant growth regulators were as follows: 2.0 kg·hm^-2 of trinexapac-ethyl, 2.0 kg·hm^-2 chlormequat chloride, 0.5 kg·hm^-2 paclobutrazol, 0.1 kg·hm^-2 diquat, 2.0 kg·hm^-2 ethephon and 0.02 kg·hm^-2 gibberellin. At the recommended application concentration of each plant growth regulator, except diquat treatments (applied at 0.1 kg·hm^-2 caused 15.3% of damage rate), the other five plant growth regulators did not cause damage at the recommended concentrations. Paclobutrazol did not affect the leaf color (the leaf color score was still more than 7.0). Compared with the control, the height and leaf length were significantly reduced by the application of trinexapac-ethyl, chlorocholine chloride, paclobutrazol and ethephon (the decline rate was more than 20%). The number of stolons had no significant change by application of ethephon at all concentrations, but diquat and gibberellic acid could significantly reduce the number of stolons. Diquat was not suitable as a growth inhibitor to control the growth of bermudagrass. Application at 2.0 kg·hm^-2 trinexapac-ethyl inhibited the stolon and internode length showed and no effect on the stolon number and turf quality of bermudagrass.

Key words: Cynodon dactylon, trinexapac-ethyl, chlorocholine chloride, gibberellic acid, diquat

中图分类号:

S668.4

邓丕超. 植物生长调节剂对狗牙根生长特性及坪用质量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(4): 841-852.

DENG Peichao. Effects of plant growth regulators on growth characteristics and turf quality of bermudagrass[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 841-852.

图/表 10

参考文献 30

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分类 Classification	植物生长调节剂名称 Plant growth regulators common name	相对有效活性成分 Relative active ingredient concentration/%	英文缩写 Abbreviation
赤霉素抑制剂	抗倒酯Trinexapac-ethyl	11.6	TE
Gibberellin inhibitor	矮壮素Chlormequat chloride	48.3	CCC
	多效唑Paclobutrazol	24.3	PB
除草剂Herbicide	敌草快Diquat	15.2	DQ
激素化合物	乙烯利Ethephon	41.3	EP
Hormone compound	赤霉素Gibberellin	40.0	GA

分类 Classification	植物生长调节剂名称 Plant growth regulators common name	相对有效活性成分 Relative active ingredient concentration/%	英文缩写 Abbreviation
赤霉素抑制剂	抗倒酯Trinexapac-ethyl	11.6	TE
Gibberellin inhibitor	矮壮素Chlormequat chloride	48.3	CCC
	多效唑Paclobutrazol	24.3	PB
除草剂Herbicide	敌草快Diquat	15.2	DQ
激素化合物	乙烯利Ethephon	41.3	EP
Hormone compound	赤霉素Gibberellin	40.0	GA

处理 Treatment	施用量Application rate/(kg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatment	TE	CCC	PB	DQ	EP	GA
R1	0.5	2.0	0.5	0.05	2.0	0.02
R2	1.0	4.0	1.0	0.1	4.0	0.04
R3	2.0	8.0	2.0	0.2	8.0	0.08
R4	4.0	16.0	4.0	0.4	16.0	0.16
R5	8.0	32.0	8.0	0.8	32.0	0.32
R6	16.0	64.0	16.0	1.6	64.0	0.64
R7	32.0	128.0	32.0	3.2	128.0	1.28

处理 Treatment	施用量Application rate/(kg·hm^-2)
处理 Treatment	TE	CCC	PB	DQ	EP	GA
R1	0.5	2.0	0.5	0.05	2.0	0.02
R2	1.0	4.0	1.0	0.1	4.0	0.04
R3	2.0	8.0	2.0	0.2	8.0	0.08
R4	4.0	16.0	4.0	0.4	16.0	0.16
R5	8.0	32.0	8.0	0.8	32.0	0.32
R6	16.0	64.0	16.0	1.6	64.0	0.64
R7	32.0	128.0	32.0	3.2	128.0	1.28

指标 Index	评分Score					权重系数 Weight coefficient
指标 Index	5	4	3	2	1	权重系数 Weight coefficient
密度/(根·cm^-2)	≥0.8	>0.6~0.8	>0.4~0.6	>0.3~0.4	≤0.3	0.25
Density/(root·cm^-2)
颜色 Colour	墨绿 Blackish green	深绿 Dark green	绿 Green	浅绿 Light green	黄绿 Yellow-green	0.20
质地Texture/mm	≤3	>3~4	>4~5	>5~6	≥6	0.25
盖度Coverage/%	>90~100	>80~90	>70~80	>60~70	≤60	0.15
均一性 Homogeneity	很整齐 Perfectly neat	整齐 Neat	基本均一 Basically homogeneous	不均匀 Inhomogeneous	杂乱 Disorder	0.15

植物生长调节剂对狗牙根生长特性及坪用质量的影响

Effects of plant growth regulators on growth characteristics and turf quality of bermudagrass

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处理 Treatment	损伤率Turf injury/%
处理 Treatment	TE	CCC	PB	DQ	EP	GA
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0
R1	0	0	0	8.7±0.88 g	0	0
R2	0	0	0	15.3±0.88 f	10.2±1.15 e	0
R3	1.7±0.88 e	2.4±0.58 de	0	19.4±1.86 e	13.4±1.2 de	0
R4	12.1±1.15 d	5.6±1.76 d	0	40.6±1.45 d	16.5±1.86 d	0
R5	20.4±0.88 c	10.2±1.45 c	0	89.5±1.21 c	30.2±0.88 c	0
R6	33.5±0.88 b	27.4±1.86 b	0	94.3±1.03 b	41.5±1.45 b	0
R7	83.4±3.93 a	35.6±1.76 a	0	98.1±0.88 a	63.4±1.23 a	0
P-value	<0.001	<0.001	—	<0.001	<0.001	—

处理 Treatment		密度 Density	质地 Texture	颜色 Color	均一性 Homogeneity	盖度 Coverage	综合评价值 Comprehensive evaluation value
TE	CK	3.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 d	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.58±0.07 a
	R1	3.33±0.33 a	3.67±0.33 c	2.67±0.33 ab	4.33±0.33 b	4.67±0.33 a	3.70±0.09 a
	R2	3.00±0 ab	4.33±0.33 b	2.33±0.33 ab	4.00±0 bc	4.33±0.33 a	3.68±0.07 a
	R3	2.33±0.33 bc	5.00±0 a	2.67±0.33 ab	4.00±0 cd	4.00±0 a	3.63±0.08 a
	R4	1.67±0.33 cd	5.00±0 a	2.67±0.33 ab	3.00±0.58 d	2.33±0.33 b	2.87±0.09 b
	R5	1.33±0.33 d	5.00±0 a	2.33±0.33 ab	2.67±0.33 de	2.00±0 bc	2.68±0.12 b
	R6	1.00±0 d	5.00±0 a	2.00±0 bc	2.00±0 e	1.33±0.33 cd	2.40±0.05 c
	R7	1.00±0 d	5.00±0 a	1.33±0.33 c	1.33±0.33 f	1.00±0 d	2.05±0.05 d
CCC	CK	3.33±0.33 c	3.00±0 b	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.58±0.07 bc
	R1	4.67±0.33 a	4.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.33±0.33 ab	4.20±0.14 a
	R2	4.00±0.58 ab	4.67±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	4.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.07±0.27 a
	R3	3.33±0.33 c	5.00±0 a	2.33±0.33 b	3.67±0.33 a	4.33±0.33 ab	3.75±0.15 ab
	R4	3.67±0.33 ab	4.67±0.33 a	2.00±0 b	4.00±0.58 a	3.33±0.33 b	3.58±0.07 bc
	R5	3.67±0.33 ab	5.00±0 a	2.33±0.33 b	2.33±0.33 b	3.67±0.33 ab	3.53±0.19 bcd
	R6	3.33±0.33 c	5.00±0 a	2.00±0 b	2.33±0.33 b	2.33±0.33 c	3.18±0.09 cd
	R7	3.33±0.33 c	5.00±0 a	2.00±0 b	2.00±0 b	2.00±0 c	3.08±0.08 d
PB	CK	3.33±0.33 ab	3.00±0 a	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.58±0.07 a
	R1	3.67±0.33 a	2.33±0.67 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 b	4.67±0.33 a	3.47±0.16 a
	R2	3.33±0.33 ab	3.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 b	4.33±0.33 ab	3.42±0.20 a
	R3	3.33±0.33 ab	3.00±0.58 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 b	4.00±0.58 ab	3.28±0.19 ab
	R4	2.33±0.33 bc	3.00±0.58 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 b	3.67±0.33 ab	3.15±0.14 ab
	R5	1.67±0.33 cd	2.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 b	3.67±0.33 ab	2.90±0.20 bc
	R6	1.33±0.33 d	2.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.67±0.33 ab	3.33±0.33 bc	2.65±0 c
	R7	1.00±0 d	2.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.67±0.33 ab	2.33±0.33 c	2.58±0.12 c
DQ	CK	3.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.58±0.07 a
	R1	1.67±0.33 b	2.33±0.33 bc	2.67±0.33 a	2.67±0.33 b	2.67±0.33 b	2.33±0.08 b
	R2	1.67±0.33 b	3.00±0 a	2.67±0.33 a	2.33±0.33 bc	1.67±0.33 c	2.30±0.23 b
	R3	1.00±0 b	2.00±0 c	2.33±0.33 a	2.00±0 bc	1.33±0.33 c	1.72±0.06 c
	R4	1.33±0.33 b	2.67±0.33 ab	2.33±0.33 a	1.67±0.33 c	1.00±0 c	1.87±0.10 c
	R5	—	—	—	—	—	—
	R6	—	—	—	—	—	—
	R7	—	—	—	—	—	—
EP	CK	3.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 c	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.58±0.07 ab
	R1	3.33±0.33 a	3.67±0.33 bc	3.33±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	5.00±0 a	3.87±0.15a
	R2	3.00±0.58 a	4.33±0.33 ab	3.00±0 a	3.67±0.33 ab	4.33±0.33 a	3.63±0.04 ab
	R3	3.33±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 bc	3.33±0.33 b	3.60±0.24 ab
	R4	3.00±0.58 a	5.00±0 a	3.33±0.33 a	3.33±0.33 bc	3.33±0.33 b	3.67±0.21 ab
	R5	3.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.00±0 a	2.67±0.33 bcd	2.67±0.33 bc	3.48±0.02 abc
	R6	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.33±0.33 a	2.33±0.33 cd	2.33±0.33 c	3.28±0.18 bc
	R7	2.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 a	3.33±0.33 a	1.67±0.33 d	2.00±0 c	3.05±0.06 c
GA	CK	3.33±0.33 a	3.00±0 bc	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	4.67±0.33 ab	3.58±0.07 a
	R1	3.33±0.33 a	3.33±0.33 ab	3.00±0 a	4.67±0.33 a	5.00±0 a	3.72±0.13 a
	R2	3.00±0 ab	4.00±0.58 a	2.67±0.33 ab	4.33±0.33 ab	4.33±0.33 ab	3.58±0.15 a
	R3	2.33±0.33 bc	2.33±0.33 bc	2.33±0.33 ab	4.00±0.58 ab	4.33±0.33 ab	2.88±0.19 b
	R4	2.33±0.33 bc	2.33±0.33 bc	2.67±0.33 ab	3.33±0.33 bc	4.00±0 ab	2.80±0.13 b
	R5	2.00±0 c	2.67±0.33 bc	2.67±0.33 ab	2.67±0.33 c	3.67±0.33 bc	2.65±0.13 b
	R6	1.67±0.33 cd	2.00±0 c	2.00±0 b	3.33±0.33 bc	2.67±0.67 cd	2.22±0.12 c
	R7	1.00±0 d	2.00±0 c	2.33±0.33 ab	3.33±0.33 bc	2.33±0.33 d	2.07±0.10 c

处理 Treatment		μ₁	μ₂	μ₃	μ₄	μ₅	μ₆	μ₇	μ₈	S	排名 Rank
TE	R1	1.000 0	0.965 5	0.645 2	1.000 0	0.035 7	0.100 0	0.811 0	1.000 0	0.694 7	4
	R3	0.979 6	0.948 3	0.483 9	0.863 6	0.848 2	0.650 0	0.694 7	0.957 6	0.803 2	1
CCC	R1	1.000 0	0.866 7	0.210 5	1.000 0	1.000 0	0.600 0	0.632 5	1.000 0	0.788 7	2
	R2	1.000 0	0.866 7	0.315 8	0.571 4	0.185 2	0.600 0	0.607 4	0.883 9	0.628 8	7
PB	R1	1.000 0	0.800 0	0.727 3	1.000 0	0.000 0	0.381 0	0.761 0	0.890 0	0.694 9	3
	R2	1.000 0	0.600 0	0.545 5	0.851 9	0.258 1	0.428 6	0.501 6	0.840 0	0.628 2	8
DQ	R1	0.911 3	0.454 5	0.333 3	0.000 0	1.000 0	0.400 0	0.267 7	0.328 0	0.461 9	12
	R2	0.844 0	0.636 4	1.000 0	0.000 0	0.909 1	0.000 0	0.059 5	0.311 8	0.470 1	11
EP	R1	1.000 0	1.000 0	0.320 0	0.666 7	0.272 7	0.000 0	0.818 8	1.000 0	0.634 8	6
	R4	0.739 7	0.733 3	0.280 0	0.833 3	0.000 0	0.923 1	0.220 5	0.756 1	0.560 8	10
GA	R1	1.000 0	0.777 8	0.190 5	0.826 1	0.578 9	1.000 0	0.000 0	1.000 0	0.671 7	5
	R3	1.000 0	0.444 4	0.476 2	0.521 7	0.421 1	1.000 0	0.200 0	0.490 9	0.569 3	9

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