虾蟹混养池塘的温室气体排放及其影响因子

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240696

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1872-1880.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240696

虾蟹混养池塘的温室气体排放及其影响因子

周聃¹(), 刘梅¹, 张政¹^,², 邹松保¹, 倪蒙¹, 原居林¹^,^*()

¹ 浙江省淡水水产研究所农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室, 浙江湖州 313001
² 长江大学动物科学技术学院, 湖北荆州 434020

收稿日期:2024-08-01 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-15
作者简介:*原居林,E-mail: yuanjulin1982@163.com
周聃(1991—),男,浙江湖州人,硕士,工程师,主要从事水产养殖、水产品加工方面的研究。E-mail: 85895424@qq.com
通讯作者: 原居林
基金资助:
浙江省科技计划(2022C02027);湖州市科技特派员项目(2023KT17)

Greenhouse gases emission flux and impact factors in shrimp and crab mixed culture pond

ZHOU Dan¹(), LIU Mei¹, ZHANG Zheng¹^,², ZOU Songbao¹, NI Meng¹, YUAN Julin¹^,^*()

¹ Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, Zhejiang, China
² College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, China

Received:2024-08-01 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: YUAN Julin

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究虾蟹混养池塘的温室气体排放规律及其影响因子,构建了中华绒螯蟹单养(Q1)和放养高(Q2)、低(Q3)密度罗氏沼虾的虾蟹混养系统,采用静态悬浮箱-气相色谱法测定这3个系统的温室气体[二氧化碳(CO₂)、甲烷(CH₄)和氧化亚氮(N₂O)]排放通量,同时检测水质和气象指标,并对其进行相关分析。结果显示:Q1、Q2、Q3的CO₂排放通量分别为-47.06~65.19、-36.57~118.10、-43.33~85.47 mg·m^-2·h^-1,CH₄排放通量分别为0.07~4.47、0.05~0.21、0.04~2.81 mg·m^-2·h^-1,N₂O排放通量分别为-0.005~0.019、-0.031~0.009、-0.017~0.014 mg·m^-2·h^-1。相关分析表明:水体的pH值是影响池塘CO₂排放通量的主要环境因子,亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度是影响池塘CH₄和N₂O排放通量的主要环境因子。Q1、Q2、Q3的全球增温潜势(GWP)分别为348.61、209.29、226.81 g·m^-2,单位产品增温潜势(UWP)分别为2 294.24、970.97、1 296.80 g·kg^-1。综上,向中华绒螯蟹养殖池塘内放养罗氏沼虾,虽然会提高CO₂排放通量,但会降低CH₄排放通量,对N₂O排放通量的影响较小,与中华绒螯蟹单养相比,虾蟹混养能提高经济效益,降低GWP和UWP。

关键词: 罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii), 中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis), 温室气体排放, 全球增温潜势

Abstract:

In order to reveal the greenhouse gases emission and influencing factors in shrimp and crab mixed culture pond, Eriocheir sinensis monoculture system (Q1) and mixed aquaculture system with high (Q2) or low (Q3) stocking densities of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were constructed. The greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) emission flux in these systems were determined by the static suspension box-gas chromatography (GC), and the water quality and meteorological indicators were also measured and used for correlation analysis. The results showed that the CO₂ emission flux of Q1, Q2 and Q3 was -47.06-65.19,-36.57-118.10,-43.33-85.47 mg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively; the CH₄ emission flux of Q1, Q2 and Q3 was 0.07-4.47, 0.05-0.21, 0.04-2.81 mg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively; and the N₂O emission flux of Q1, Q2 and Q3 was -0.005-0.019,-0.031-0.009,-0.017-0.014 mg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. The pH value of water was the main environmental factor affecting CO₂ emission flux in ponds, while the concentration of nitrite nitrogen in the water was the main environmental factor affecting the CH₄ and N₂O emission. Global warming potential (GWP) of Q1, Q2 and Q3 was 348.61, 209.29, 226.81 g·m^-2, respectively, and the unit product warming potential (UWP) of Q1, Q2 and Q3 was 2 294.24, 970.97, 1 296.80 g·kg^-1, respectively. In general, co-culture of Eriocheir sinensis and Macrobrachium rosenbergii increased CO₂ emission flux, yet decreased CH₄ emission flux, and had no significant impact on N₂O emission flux. Compared with the monoculture of Eriocheir sinensis, the mixed aquaculture could improve the economic benefit and decrease the GWP and UWP.

Key words: Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Eriocheir sinensis, greenhouse gases emission, global warming potential

中图分类号:

S964.3

周聃, 刘梅, 张政, 邹松保, 倪蒙, 原居林. 虾蟹混养池塘的温室气体排放及其影响因子[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(9): 1872-1880.

ZHOU Dan, LIU Mei, ZHANG Zheng, ZOU Songbao, NI Meng, YUAN Julin. Greenhouse gases emission flux and impact factors in shrimp and crab mixed culture pond[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(9): 1872-1880.

图/表 8

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池塘 Pond	月份 Month	COD_Cr/ (mg· L^-1)	TP/ (mg· L^-1)	TN/ (mg· L^-1)	AN/ (mg· L^-1)	NN/ (mg· L^-1)	pH	DO/ (mg· L^-1)	WT/℃	WS/ (km· h^-1)	AT/℃	RH/%	AP/ HPa
Q1	6	32.2 ±1.3	0.50 ±0.03	1.90 ±0.13	0.07 ±0.01	0.015 ±0.002	9.50 ±0.21	7.61 ±0.14	29.9 ±1.3	3.2 ±0.5	31.2 ±1.4	61.8 ±1.2	994.4 ±3.2
	7	34.1 ±2.0	0.51 ±0.02	1.80 ±0.12	0.01 ±0.01	0.005 ±0.001	8.50 ±0.27	7.28 ±0.13	32.7 ±2.1	4.8 ±0.4	34.2 ±1.6	63.8 ±1.7	1 001.7 ±3.6
	8	23.1 ±0.9	0.41 ±0.02	0.71 ±0.06	0.02 ±0.01	0.001 ±0.000	7.83 ±0.19	7.02 ±0.12	35.1 ±2.0	3.3 ±0.6	36.2 ±2.1	65.3 ±2.1	1 007.7 ±3.1
	9	28.4 ±1.6	0.43 ±0.03	1.30 ±0.09	0.07 ±0.02	0.013 ±0.003	8.41 ±0.31	7.65 ±0.14	26.8 ±1.7	4.6 ±0.3	29.2 ±1.3	77.0 ±1.9	1 014.3 ±3.4
	10	32.6 ±2.3	1.70 ±0.07	0.20 ±0.06	0.13 ±0.03	0.030 ±0.007	7.76 ±0.18	7.07 ±0.16	17.8 ±1.6	8.0 ±0.6	17.8 ±0.9	40.0 ±1.3	1 028.8 ±4.3
Q2	6	40.3 ±2.2	0.52 ±0.04	1.50 ±0.14	0.08 ±0.02	0.022 ±0.009	8.77 ±0.31	6.14 ±0.13	28.7 ±1.4	3.7 ±0.4	31.1 ±1.3	62.8 ±1.7	996.8 ±2.7
	7	37.2 ±3.1	0.83 ±0.07	2.80 ±0.21	0.05 ±0.01	0.002 ±0.000	8.76 ±0.24	7.39 ±0.12	31.7 ±1.7	4.5 ±0.3	34.7 ±1.4	61.6 ±1.3	1 002.3 ±3.1
	8	34.6 ±1.7	1.64 ±0.11	0.90 ±0.09	0.21 ±0.06	0.013 ±0.004	7.76 ±0.19	6.18 ±0.14	35.2 ±2.3	3.1 ±0.5	35.8 ±1.9	64.7 ±2.0	1 007.2 ±3.0
	9	55.0 ±3.4	0.72 ±0.09	1.91 ±0.13	0.14 ±0.04	0.021 ±0.003	8.13 ±0.22	8.17 ±0.18	25.7 ±1.6	4.8 ±0.4	29.7 ±0.9	76.4 ±2.1	1 016.2 ±3.7
	10	34.7 ±2.6	0.46 ±0.06	1.41 ±0.17	0.33 ±0.08	0.061 ±0.009	7.52 ±0.16	6.52 ±0.16	17.8 ±1.4	8.3 ±0.7	17.6 ±1.1	40.3 ±1.4	1 027.3 ±3.1
Q3	6	35.3 ±2.7	0.54 ±0.06	2.40 ±0.19	0.08 ±0.03	0.015 ±0.004	9.58 ±0.32	7.81 ±0.17	28.3 ±1.2	4.8 ±0.4	30.1 ±1.4	60.4 ±1.2	997.5 ±2.0
	7	46.2 ±2.4	0.97 ±0.12	2.10 ±0.17	0.05 ±0.01	0.006 ±0.001	9.62 ±0.34	7.27 ±0.16	32.8 ±1.3	5.2 ±0.5	34.5 ±1.3	58.2 ±1.4	1 001.8 ±3.3
	8	50.1 ±3.4	0.34 ±0.06	0.98 ±0.09	0.03 ±0.01	0.001 ±0.000	8.73 ±0.31	6.96 ±0.09	35.6 ±1.9	4.0 ±0.6	38.1 ±2.1	55.7 ±1.3	1 007.4 ±3.4
	9	57.0 ±3.7	1.08 ±0.14	1.71 ±0.21	0.09 ±0.02	0.014 ±0.003	8.91 ±0.29	7.59 ±0.19	25.7 ±1.4	2.0 ±0.2	33.4 ±1.9	65.9 ±2.1	1 014.5 ±2.9
	10	26.7 ±1.9	0.77 ±0.05	3.21 ±0.29	0.61 ±0.12	0.033 ±0.012	8.09 ±0.18	9.51 ±0.22	17.6 ±1.0	8.9 ±0.7	18.3 ±1.6	35.0 ±1.9	1 028.3 ±3.6

池塘 Pond	月份 Month	COD_Cr/ (mg· L^-1)	TP/ (mg· L^-1)	TN/ (mg· L^-1)	AN/ (mg· L^-1)	NN/ (mg· L^-1)	pH	DO/ (mg· L^-1)	WT/℃	WS/ (km· h^-1)	AT/℃	RH/%	AP/ HPa
Q1	6	32.2 ±1.3	0.50 ±0.03	1.90 ±0.13	0.07 ±0.01	0.015 ±0.002	9.50 ±0.21	7.61 ±0.14	29.9 ±1.3	3.2 ±0.5	31.2 ±1.4	61.8 ±1.2	994.4 ±3.2
	7	34.1 ±2.0	0.51 ±0.02	1.80 ±0.12	0.01 ±0.01	0.005 ±0.001	8.50 ±0.27	7.28 ±0.13	32.7 ±2.1	4.8 ±0.4	34.2 ±1.6	63.8 ±1.7	1 001.7 ±3.6
	8	23.1 ±0.9	0.41 ±0.02	0.71 ±0.06	0.02 ±0.01	0.001 ±0.000	7.83 ±0.19	7.02 ±0.12	35.1 ±2.0	3.3 ±0.6	36.2 ±2.1	65.3 ±2.1	1 007.7 ±3.1
	9	28.4 ±1.6	0.43 ±0.03	1.30 ±0.09	0.07 ±0.02	0.013 ±0.003	8.41 ±0.31	7.65 ±0.14	26.8 ±1.7	4.6 ±0.3	29.2 ±1.3	77.0 ±1.9	1 014.3 ±3.4
	10	32.6 ±2.3	1.70 ±0.07	0.20 ±0.06	0.13 ±0.03	0.030 ±0.007	7.76 ±0.18	7.07 ±0.16	17.8 ±1.6	8.0 ±0.6	17.8 ±0.9	40.0 ±1.3	1 028.8 ±4.3
Q2	6	40.3 ±2.2	0.52 ±0.04	1.50 ±0.14	0.08 ±0.02	0.022 ±0.009	8.77 ±0.31	6.14 ±0.13	28.7 ±1.4	3.7 ±0.4	31.1 ±1.3	62.8 ±1.7	996.8 ±2.7
	7	37.2 ±3.1	0.83 ±0.07	2.80 ±0.21	0.05 ±0.01	0.002 ±0.000	8.76 ±0.24	7.39 ±0.12	31.7 ±1.7	4.5 ±0.3	34.7 ±1.4	61.6 ±1.3	1 002.3 ±3.1
	8	34.6 ±1.7	1.64 ±0.11	0.90 ±0.09	0.21 ±0.06	0.013 ±0.004	7.76 ±0.19	6.18 ±0.14	35.2 ±2.3	3.1 ±0.5	35.8 ±1.9	64.7 ±2.0	1 007.2 ±3.0
	9	55.0 ±3.4	0.72 ±0.09	1.91 ±0.13	0.14 ±0.04	0.021 ±0.003	8.13 ±0.22	8.17 ±0.18	25.7 ±1.6	4.8 ±0.4	29.7 ±0.9	76.4 ±2.1	1 016.2 ±3.7
	10	34.7 ±2.6	0.46 ±0.06	1.41 ±0.17	0.33 ±0.08	0.061 ±0.009	7.52 ±0.16	6.52 ±0.16	17.8 ±1.4	8.3 ±0.7	17.6 ±1.1	40.3 ±1.4	1 027.3 ±3.1
Q3	6	35.3 ±2.7	0.54 ±0.06	2.40 ±0.19	0.08 ±0.03	0.015 ±0.004	9.58 ±0.32	7.81 ±0.17	28.3 ±1.2	4.8 ±0.4	30.1 ±1.4	60.4 ±1.2	997.5 ±2.0
	7	46.2 ±2.4	0.97 ±0.12	2.10 ±0.17	0.05 ±0.01	0.006 ±0.001	9.62 ±0.34	7.27 ±0.16	32.8 ±1.3	5.2 ±0.5	34.5 ±1.3	58.2 ±1.4	1 001.8 ±3.3
	8	50.1 ±3.4	0.34 ±0.06	0.98 ±0.09	0.03 ±0.01	0.001 ±0.000	8.73 ±0.31	6.96 ±0.09	35.6 ±1.9	4.0 ±0.6	38.1 ±2.1	55.7 ±1.3	1 007.4 ±3.4
	9	57.0 ±3.7	1.08 ±0.14	1.71 ±0.21	0.09 ±0.02	0.014 ±0.003	8.91 ±0.29	7.59 ±0.19	25.7 ±1.4	2.0 ±0.2	33.4 ±1.9	65.9 ±2.1	1 014.5 ±2.9
	10	26.7 ±1.9	0.77 ±0.05	3.21 ±0.29	0.61 ±0.12	0.033 ±0.012	8.09 ±0.18	9.51 ±0.22	17.6 ±1.0	8.9 ±0.7	18.3 ±1.6	35.0 ±1.9	1 028.3 ±3.6

环境因子 Environmental factors	CO₂排放通量 Emission flux of CO₂	CH₄排放通量 Emission flux of CH₄	N₂O排放通量 Emission flux of N₂O
COD_Cr	-0.036	0.038	0.090
TP	0.161	-0.280	-0.150
TN	-0.301	0.049	0.236
AN	0.307	-0.529^*	-0.579^*
NN	0.123	-0.537^*	-0.794^**
pH	-0.716^**	0.322	0.515^*
DO	0.024	-0.508	-0.704^**
WT	0.006	0.517^*	0.712^**
WS	0.123	-0.359	-0.349
AT	-0.001	0.471	0.614^*
RH	-0.056	0.352	0.312
AP	0.558^*	-0.439	-0.748^**

环境因子 Environmental factors	CO₂排放通量 Emission flux of CO₂	CH₄排放通量 Emission flux of CH₄	N₂O排放通量 Emission flux of N₂O
COD_Cr	-0.036	0.038	0.090
TP	0.161	-0.280	-0.150
TN	-0.301	0.049	0.236
AN	0.307	-0.529^*	-0.579^*
NN	0.123	-0.537^*	-0.794^**
pH	-0.716^**	0.322	0.515^*
DO	0.024	-0.508	-0.704^**
WT	0.006	0.517^*	0.712^**
WS	0.123	-0.359	-0.349
AT	-0.001	0.471	0.614^*
RH	-0.056	0.352	0.312
AP	0.558^*	-0.439	-0.748^**

池塘 Pond	中华绒螯蟹产量 Yield of E. sinensis/ (kg·hm^-2)	罗氏沼虾产量 Yield of M. rosenbergii/ (kg·hm^-2)	经济产值 Economic output/ (yuan·hm^-2)	毛利润 Gross profit/(yuan·hm^-2)
Q1	1 519.5	0	182 340	92 340
Q2	1 531.5	624.0	258 660	128 160
Q3	1 566.0	183.0	209 880	110 880

虾蟹混养池塘的温室气体排放及其影响因子

Greenhouse gases emission flux and impact factors in shrimp and crab mixed culture pond

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池塘 Pond	CO₂排放强度 Emission intensity of CO₂/ (g·m^-2)	CH₄排放强度 Emission intensity of CH₄/ (g·m^-2)	N₂O排放强度 Emission intensity of N₂O/ (g·m^-2)	GWP/ (g·m^-2)	UWP/ (g·kg^-1)
Q1	69.66	9.76	0.02	348.61	2 294.24
Q2	205.11	0.43	-0.03	209.29	970.97
Q3	105.28	4.39	-0.01	226.81	1 296.80

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