›› 2014, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 0-537542.

• 作物科学 •    

浙江省近年来审定糯玉米品种主要性状演变分析

吕桂华,徐秀红,陈坚剑,郭国锦*
  

  1. 浙江省东阳玉米研究所,浙江 东阳 322100
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2014-05-25 发布日期:2014-05-25

Evolution of agronomic traits of waxy corn cultivars certified recently in Zhejiang Province

LYU Guihua;XU Xiuhong;CHEN Jianjian;GUO Guojin*   

  1. Dongyang Maize Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Dongyang 322100, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2014-05-25 Published:2014-05-25

摘要: 统计2000—2013年浙江省审定的42个糯玉米品种的12项农艺性状和4项抗性性状,并对其演变情况和相关性进行分析。结果表明,浙江省近年来审定品种产量水平呈极显著上升趋势,平均每年提高2259 kg·hm-2;审定品种与对照生育期相差天数逐年增加,平均每年比对照延迟0429 d;直链淀粉含量年际间呈极显著下降趋势,平均每年下降0048%;单穗重呈显著上升趋势,平均每年上升455 g,各审定品种的其他农艺性状,如生育期、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、秃尖、千粒重在不同年份间无显著性增益。相关分析表明,各性状与产量的相关系数由大到小依次为穗长>生育期>单穗重>株高>穗粗>行粒数>穗行数>穗位高>千粒重>秃尖,其中穗长、生育期与产量极显著正相关,单穗重、株高、穗粗和行粒数与产量显著相关。浙江省糯玉米品种突破性高产育种急需加强种质创新与改良,注重穗长和穗粗的选择,并持续降低直链淀粉的含量,适当延长生育期也有助于产量的提高。

关键词: 糯玉米, 抗性, 品种

Abstract: Twelve agronomic traits and 4 resistant traits of 42 waxy corn cultivars certified during 2000 to 2013 in Zhejiang Province were analyzed, and their evolutional analysis and correlations were also discussed. The results showed that the yield of waxy corn cultivars certified exhibited a significantly upward trend, with an average annual increase of 2259 kg·hm-2. Compared with the control, the growth period of cultivars delayed 0429 d annually. Amylose content showed a significantly downward trend, with an average annual decrease of 0048%. Single panicle weight rose significantly with an average annual increase of 455 g, and there was no significant difference in other agronomic traits such as growth period, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of lines per row, bald, and weight in the approved varieties among years. Further analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient of traits and yield was decreased in the order of ear length > growth period > single panicle weight > plant height > ear diameter > kernels per row > rows per ear > ear height > thousand seed weight > bald, and there was a significant positive correlation between single panicle weight, plant height, ear diameter, kernels per row and yield. For the high yield breeding of waxy corn varieties in Zhejiang Province, germplasm innovation was urgently needed, and efforts should be focused on the selection of ear length and ear diameter. The amylose content should be further reduced, and the growth period should be appropriately extended to achieve ideal yield.

Key words: waxy corn, resistance, cultivar