茶园节能型开沟刀设计与试验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.07.18

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1320-1328.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.07.18

茶园节能型开沟刀设计与试验

秦宽¹^,²(), 梁小龙¹, 曹成茂¹^,²^,^*(), 方梁菲¹, 吴正敏³^,⁴, 葛俊¹

1.安徽农业大学工学院,安徽合肥 230036
2.安徽省智能农机装备工程实验室,安徽合肥 230036
3.安徽农业大学茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室,安徽合肥 230036
4.安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,安徽合肥 230036

收稿日期:2020-07-16 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-08-06
作者简介:*曹成茂,E-mail: caochengmao@sina.com
秦宽(1989—),男,安徽蚌埠人,博士,讲师,主要从事茶园机械方面的研究。E-mail: qinkuan@ahau.edu.cn
通讯作者: 曹成茂
基金资助:
安徽省自然科学基金(2008085QE270);安徽省科技重大专项(812136763034)

Design and experiment of tea garden energy-saving ditching blade

QIN Kuan¹^,²(), LIANG Xiaolong¹, CAO Chengmao¹^,²^,^*(), FANG Liangfei¹, WU Zhengmin³^,⁴, GE Jun¹

1. School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
2. Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Hefei 230036, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
4. School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

Received:2020-07-16 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-06
Contact: CAO Chengmao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对茶园机械化开沟减阻减耗需要,设计茶园节能型开沟刀,用于减小茶园开沟时的开沟功耗。通过理论分析确定节能型开沟刀侧切刃与正切刃曲线方程,通过离散元仿真方法确定侧切刃螺旋线终点处滑切角与正切刃在侧切刃平面内展开曲线终点处静态滑切角分别为62°、56°。对设计完成的节能型开沟刀进行田间试验,试验结果表明:在开沟深度为15、20、25 cm时,节能型开沟刀的开沟功耗分别为0.093、0.107、0.128 kW,均小于对照组通用开沟刀的开沟功耗,说明设计的节能型开沟刀在各个开沟深度均能够达到降低开沟功耗的目的。此外节能型开沟刀在不同开沟深度的沟深稳定性系数均大于90%,高于国家标准和对照组通用开沟刀试验结果,说明设计的节能型开沟刀在降低作业功耗的同时,可保证开沟质量。

关键词: 茶园, 开沟刀, 离散元, 节能

Abstract:

Aiming at the needs of mechanized ditching in the tea garden to reduce resistance and consumption, an energy-saving ditching blade was designed to reduce the consumption of tea garden ditching. Through theoretical design and analysis, the curve equation of energy-saving ditching blade side edge and sidelong edge were determined. Through discrete element method simulation, the sliding-cutting angle at the end of the helix of the side cutting edge and the static sliding-cutting angle from the beginning to the end of the expansion curve in the plane of the side cutting edge were determined to be 62° and 56° respectively. Field experiment was performed on the designed energy-saving ditching blade. The experiment results showed that the energy consumption of the energy-saving ditching blade were 0.093, 0.107 and 0.128 kW respectively when the ditching depth was 15, 20 and 25 cm. The power consumption of energy-saving ditching blade was less than that of general ditching blade, which indicated that the designed energy-saving ditching blade in various ditching depths were able to achieve the purpose of reducing the power consumption. In addition, the stability coefficient of ditching depth of the energy-saving ditching blade at different ditching depths was greater than 90%, which was higher than the national standard. It showed that the designed energy-saving ditching blade could reduce the energy consumption of the operation and ensure the quality of ditching.

Key words: tea garden, ditching blade, discrete element, energy conservation

中图分类号:

S222.3

秦宽, 梁小龙, 曹成茂, 方梁菲, 吴正敏, 葛俊. 茶园节能型开沟刀设计与试验[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(7): 1320-1328.

QIN Kuan, LIANG Xiaolong, CAO Chengmao, FANG Liangfei, WU Zhengmin, GE Jun. Design and experiment of tea garden energy-saving ditching blade[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(7): 1320-1328.

图/表 9

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项目 Project	参数 Parameter	项目 Project	参数 Parameter
土槽长×宽×高 Soil trench length × width × height/mm×mm×mm	10000×1000×400	铁剪切模量 Iron shear modulus (G₃)/Pa	8×10¹⁰
机具前进速度 Forward speed of the machine (V_m)/(m·s^-1)	0.9	土壤—土壤恢复系数 Soil-soil restoration coefficient (e₁)	0.7
开沟刀转速 Speed of ditching blade (n_z)/(r·min^-1)	350	土壤—铁恢复系数 Soil-iron recovery coefficient(e₂)	0.6
土壤密度 Soil density (ρ₁₎/(kg·m^-3)	1600	土壤—土壤静摩擦因数 Soil-soil static friction coefficient (fs₁)	0.5
土壤泊松比 Soil Poisson’s ratio (γ₁)	0.32	土壤—铁静摩擦因数 Coefficient of soil-iron static friction (fs₂)	0.7
土壤剪切模量 Shear modulus of soil (G₁)/Pa	1×10⁶	土壤—土壤滚动摩擦因数 Soil-soil rolling friction factor (fd₁)	0.55
铁密度 The density of iron (ρ₃)/(kg·m^-3)	7830	土壤—铁滚动摩擦因数 Coefficient of soil-iron rolling friction (fd₂)	0.04
铁泊松比Iron Poisson’s ratio (γ₃)	0.4

项目 Project	参数 Parameter	项目 Project	参数 Parameter
土槽长×宽×高 Soil trench length × width × height/mm×mm×mm	10000×1000×400	铁剪切模量 Iron shear modulus (G₃)/Pa	8×10¹⁰
机具前进速度 Forward speed of the machine (V_m)/(m·s^-1)	0.9	土壤—土壤恢复系数 Soil-soil restoration coefficient (e₁)	0.7
开沟刀转速 Speed of ditching blade (n_z)/(r·min^-1)	350	土壤—铁恢复系数 Soil-iron recovery coefficient(e₂)	0.6
土壤密度 Soil density (ρ₁₎/(kg·m^-3)	1600	土壤—土壤静摩擦因数 Soil-soil static friction coefficient (fs₁)	0.5
土壤泊松比 Soil Poisson’s ratio (γ₁)	0.32	土壤—铁静摩擦因数 Coefficient of soil-iron static friction (fs₂)	0.7
土壤剪切模量 Shear modulus of soil (G₁)/Pa	1×10⁶	土壤—土壤滚动摩擦因数 Soil-soil rolling friction factor (fd₁)	0.55
铁密度 The density of iron (ρ₃)/(kg·m^-3)	7830	土壤—铁滚动摩擦因数 Coefficient of soil-iron rolling friction (fd₂)	0.04
铁泊松比Iron Poisson’s ratio (γ₃)	0.4

平均开沟阻力Average trenching resistance (F_Z)/N
τ_s/°	τ_n/°
	50	51.5	53	54.5	56	57.5	59	60.5	62	63.5	65
50	256.5	268.1	239.6	203.2	198.6	231.6	251.9	186.3	252.3	230.4	257.5
52	214.3	205.9	195.0	194.4	175.3	204.1	156.3	174.7	184.6	213.6	221.7
54	258.6	237.8	224.3	243.1	208.7	233.9	204.2	218.4	213.6	198.2	200.4
56	198.6	207.8	223.0	215.3	199.2	193.7	186.5	163.1	152.3	175.8	163.8
58	186.3	216.5	231.6	195.2	203.9	193.4	187.6	186.4	211.2	207.6	234.9
60	217.3	165.4	217.8	184.0	186.7	227.5	214.8	205.6	217.3	224.7	231.6

平均开沟阻力Average trenching resistance (F_Z)/N
τ_s/°	τ_n/°
	50	51.5	53	54.5	56	57.5	59	60.5	62	63.5	65
50	256.5	268.1	239.6	203.2	198.6	231.6	251.9	186.3	252.3	230.4	257.5
52	214.3	205.9	195.0	194.4	175.3	204.1	156.3	174.7	184.6	213.6	221.7
54	258.6	237.8	224.3	243.1	208.7	233.9	204.2	218.4	213.6	198.2	200.4
56	198.6	207.8	223.0	215.3	199.2	193.7	186.5	163.1	152.3	175.8	163.8
58	186.3	216.5	231.6	195.2	203.9	193.4	187.6	186.4	211.2	207.6	234.9
60	217.3	165.4	217.8	184.0	186.7	227.5	214.8	205.6	217.3	224.7	231.6

处理 Treatment	开沟功耗 The power consumption of the ditch/kW			沟深稳定性系数 Stability coefficient of ditch depth/%
	开沟深度 Trenching depth/cm			开沟深度Trenching depth/cm
	15	20	25	15	20	25
茶园节能型开沟刀(试验组)	0.093	0.107	0.128	91.2	92.8	91.7
Energy-saving ditching blade for tea garden(Experimental group)
通用开沟刀(对照组)	0.102	0.123	0.157	90.8	89.3	89.8
General ditching blade(Control group)

茶园节能型开沟刀设计与试验

Design and experiment of tea garden energy-saving ditching blade

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