丛枝菌根真菌改善镉胁迫下植物根系和土壤微环境的效应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.05.19

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 1039-1048.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.05.19

丛枝菌根真菌改善镉胁迫下植物根系和土壤微环境的效应

杜红¹(), 李玉鹏², 程文³, 肖荣英⁴, 胡鹏⁵

1.河南农业职业学院农业工程学院,河南郑州 451450
2.南阳市农业科学院小麦研究中心,河南南阳 473000
3.安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥 230031
4.信阳农林学院农学院,河南信阳 464000
5.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,华中农业大学微量元素研究中心,湖北武汉 430070

收稿日期:2021-03-08 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-06
作者简介:杜红(1964—),女,河南睢县人,硕士,副教授,主要从事作物栽培生理研究。E-mail: duhong1964@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100500)

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant roots and soil microenvironment under cadmium stress

DU Hong¹(), LI Yupeng², CHENG Wen³, XIAO Rongying⁴, HU Peng⁵

1. College of Agricultural Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 451450, China
2. Wheat Research Center,Nanyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanyang 473000, Henan, China
3. Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling,Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
4. College of Agriculture,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
5. Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received:2021-03-08 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究Cd胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对植物根系和土壤微环境的影响,以黑麦草为供试植物、变形球囊霉(Glomus versiforme)为供试AMF,以Cd浓度(0、10、20、30 mg·kg^-1)和是否对黑麦草接种AMF为双因素,设计8个处理,开展盆栽试验。结果显示:随着Cd浓度增加,AMF侵染率和孢子数量显著(P<0.05)降低。相同Cd浓度下,接种AMF显著(P<0.05)改善了黑麦草的根系构型(根系总长度、根系总投影面积、根系总体积、根尖数、根分叉数)。在相同Cd浓度下,接种AMF显著(P<0.05)增加了土壤中真菌、细菌和放线菌的数量,土壤微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮含量,以及土壤多酚氧化酶活性,和土壤易提取球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白和总球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白含量。这说明,接种AMF能够通过改善植物根系和微生物环境、提高土壤相关酶活性和球囊霉素含量等,增加植物抗性。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 镉胁迫, 土壤微生物, 根系

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant roots and soil microorganism,a pot experiment was carried out with Lolium perenne as test plant, and Glomus versiforme as test AMP. Two factors were set: whether Lolium perenne was inoculated with AMF, and Cd concentration (0, 10, 20, 30 mg·kg^-1). It was shown that AMF infection rate and spore number were significantly (P<0.05) decreased with the increasing Cd concentration.Under the same Cd concentration, inoculation of AMF significantly (P<0.05) improved the root architecture (total root length, total root projection area, total root volume, number of root tips and number of root bifurcations) of Lolium perenne.Under the same Cd concentration, inoculation of AMF significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes in soil,contents of soil microbial biomass carbon, soil microbial biomass nitrogen,soil polyphenol oxidase activity, and the contents of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein and total glomalin-related soil protein. Therefore, it was concluded that AMF could increase plant resistance by improving plant roots and microbial environment, and increasing soil related enzyme activities and glomus content.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, cadmium stress, soil microorganism, root system

中图分类号:

S154.39

杜红, 李玉鹏, 程文, 肖荣英, 胡鹏. 丛枝菌根真菌改善镉胁迫下植物根系和土壤微环境的效应[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(5): 1039-1048.

DU Hong, LI Yupeng, CHENG Wen, XIAO Rongying, HU Peng. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant roots and soil microenvironment under cadmium stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(5): 1039-1048.

图/表 8

参考文献 43

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接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/(mg·kg^-1)	菌根侵染率 Colonization rate/%	孢子数 Number of spores/cm^-1	株高 Plant height/cm	地上部干重 Dry weigh of shoot/g
NM	0	—	—	34.8±2.2 bc	3.609±0.386 a
	10	—	—	30.8±2.4 de	2.623±0.198 c
	20	—	—	28.0±1.8 ef	2.510±0.134 cd
	30	—	—	22.9±1.3 g	2.138±0.180 d
AMF	0	53.0±7.5 a	15.3±3.1 a	42.6±2.3 a	3.897±0.282 a
	10	47.6±2.5 ab	12.3±2.5 ab	37.3±1.8 b	3.507±0.346 ab
	20	42.7±2.5 bc	10.7±1.2 bc	32.0±2.3 cd	3.125±0.205 b
	30	37.7±2.5 c	7.3±0.6 c	25.9±1.3 fg	2.406±0.261 cd

接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/(mg·kg^-1)	菌根侵染率 Colonization rate/%	孢子数 Number of spores/cm^-1	株高 Plant height/cm	地上部干重 Dry weigh of shoot/g
NM	0	—	—	34.8±2.2 bc	3.609±0.386 a
	10	—	—	30.8±2.4 de	2.623±0.198 c
	20	—	—	28.0±1.8 ef	2.510±0.134 cd
	30	—	—	22.9±1.3 g	2.138±0.180 d
AMF	0	53.0±7.5 a	15.3±3.1 a	42.6±2.3 a	3.897±0.282 a
	10	47.6±2.5 ab	12.3±2.5 ab	37.3±1.8 b	3.507±0.346 ab
	20	42.7±2.5 bc	10.7±1.2 bc	32.0±2.3 cd	3.125±0.205 b
	30	37.7±2.5 c	7.3±0.6 c	25.9±1.3 fg	2.406±0.261 cd

接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/ (mg·kg^-1)	根系总长度 Total root length/cm	根系总投影面积 Total root projection area/cm²	根系总体积 Total root volume/cm³	根尖数 Number of root tips	根分叉数 Number of root branches
NM	0	365.0±8.8 b	31.3±1.1 b	0.159±0.004 a	2 080.3±225.5 ab	1 378.0±167.9 ab
	10	305.3±14.3 d	23.1±3.1 cd	0.124±0.009 b	1 604.0±165.4 cd	1 129.0±105.5 cd
	20	203.3±13.0 ef	18.6±3.0 e	0.086±0.011 c	1 251.0±96.6 ef	771.7±130.5 ef
	30	153.7±19.7 g	11.9±1.2 f	0.062±0.015 d	1 045.7±71.6 f	567.3±59.9 f
AMF	0	399.7±20.9 a	38.7±2.9 a	0.169±0.004 a	2 149.0±266.1 a	1 562.3±117.8 a
	10	334.2±12.6 c	32.8±2.5 b	0.134±0.010 b	1 814.0±174.8 bc	1 234.7±101.4 bc
	20	230.6±15.0 e	25.1±1.7 c	0.102±0.011 c	1 371.7±118.6 de	925.0±122.3 de
	30	203.9±16.1 ef	19.6±1.1 de	0.092±0.015 c	1 080.0±131.4 f	741.3±111.5 ef

接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/ (mg·kg^-1)	根系总长度 Total root length/cm	根系总投影面积 Total root projection area/cm²	根系总体积 Total root volume/cm³	根尖数 Number of root tips	根分叉数 Number of root branches
NM	0	365.0±8.8 b	31.3±1.1 b	0.159±0.004 a	2 080.3±225.5 ab	1 378.0±167.9 ab
	10	305.3±14.3 d	23.1±3.1 cd	0.124±0.009 b	1 604.0±165.4 cd	1 129.0±105.5 cd
	20	203.3±13.0 ef	18.6±3.0 e	0.086±0.011 c	1 251.0±96.6 ef	771.7±130.5 ef
	30	153.7±19.7 g	11.9±1.2 f	0.062±0.015 d	1 045.7±71.6 f	567.3±59.9 f
AMF	0	399.7±20.9 a	38.7±2.9 a	0.169±0.004 a	2 149.0±266.1 a	1 562.3±117.8 a
	10	334.2±12.6 c	32.8±2.5 b	0.134±0.010 b	1 814.0±174.8 bc	1 234.7±101.4 bc
	20	230.6±15.0 e	25.1±1.7 c	0.102±0.011 c	1 371.7±118.6 de	925.0±122.3 de
	30	203.9±16.1 ef	19.6±1.1 de	0.092±0.015 c	1 080.0±131.4 f	741.3±111.5 ef

接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/(mg·kg^-1)	真菌 Fungi/(10⁴ g^-1)	细菌 Bacteria/(10⁵CFU·g^-1)	放线菌 Actinomyces/(10⁵ g^-1)
NM	0	1.45±0.19 cd	1.73±0.07 c	4.26±0.39 b
	10	1.24±0.13 de	1.46±0.05 cd	3.43±0.18 c
	20	1.13±0.11 e	1.31±0.12 d	2.46±0.19 de
	30	1.06±0.10 e	1.23±0.08 d	2.32±0.15 e
AMF	0	2.51±0.31 a	3.10±0.19 a	5.17±0.29 a
	10	2.06±0.09 b	2.35±0.27 b	4.13±0.44 b
	20	1.59±0.07 c	1.73±0.31 c	3.05±0.63 cd
	30	1.22±0.05 de	1.41±0.13 d	3.17±0.25 c

丛枝菌根真菌改善镉胁迫下植物根系和土壤微环境的效应

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant roots and soil microenvironment under cadmium stress

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接种 Inoculation	Cd浓度 Cd concentration/ (mg·kg^-1)	脱氢酶 Dehydrogenase activity/(mg·g^-1)	酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase activity/(mg·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶 Catalase activity/ (mg·g^-1)	多酚氧化酶 Polyphenol oxidase activity/(mg·g^-1)
NM	0	0.693±0.134 d	53.4±6.6 a	0.803±0.165 d	0.132±0.020 b
	10	0.797±0.162 cd	42.8±2.7 bcd	1.027±0.090 cd	0.093±0.030 c
	20	0.840±0.195 bcd	39.5±3.5 cde	1.240±0.082 abc	0.063±0.010 d
	30	0.970±0.080 abc	34.2±3.3 ef	1.333±0.061 ab	0.060±0.010 d
AMF	0	0.797±0.163 cd	47.5±4.4 ab	1.090±0.134 c	0.163±0.020 a
	10	0.853±0.120 bcd	45.7±4.5 bc	1.193±0.146 bc	0.125±0.020 b
	20	1.043±0.066 ab	36.9±3.0 def	1.437±0.190 a	0.105±0.020 bc
	30	1.087±0.129 a	30.9±1.3 f	1.450±0.177 a	0.076±0.020 cd

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