乡村环境治理现代化水平评价:以2019年为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.18

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 913-921.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.18

乡村环境治理现代化水平评价:以2019年为例

张婉君¹(), 朱利中¹^,², 陈丁江¹^,², 吴东雷¹^,², 王飞儿¹^,², 张清宇¹^,²^,^*()

1.浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州 310058
2.浙江生态文明研究院,浙江湖州 313300

收稿日期:2022-03-03 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-05-05
通讯作者: ^*张清宇,E-mail:qy_zhang@zju.edu.cn
作者简介:张婉君(1997—),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士,研究方向为乡村环境治理评价。E-mail:zhangwanjun@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国工程院咨询项目“乡村环境治理现代化战略研究”(2020-ZD-35-03);浙江省委政策研究室咨询项目“‘绿水青山就是金山银山’转化机制研究”

Evaluation on rural environment governance modernization level: year of 2019 as an example

ZHANG Wanjun¹(), ZHU Lizhong¹^,², CHEN Dingjiang¹^,², WU Donglei¹^,², WANG Feier¹^,², ZHANG Qingyu¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Zhejiang Academy of Ecological Civilization, Huzhou 313300, China

Received:2022-03-03 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从人居环境、生态环境和保障体系3个维度选取19项指标构建乡村环境治理现代化评价指标体系,结合层次分析法和德尔菲法确定指标权重,采用功效函数法确定指标值,并基于2019年全国1 818个县级行政区的数据,对其乡村环境治理的现代化水平进行评价。结果显示,2019年,我国乡村环境治理现代化水平的综合评价指数为0.350,属于一般水平,处于优秀水平的样本主要分布在东部地区。我国乡村环境治理现代化水平存在较大的地区差异,西部地区的人居环境较为薄弱,各地区的主要受限维度均为保障体系。基于此,提出如下对策建议:构建互助合作机制与基础设施长效运营管理机制,促进乡村环境治理现代化在不同地区协调发展;强化保障体制机制,补齐乡村环境治理现代化短板。

关键词: 乡村环境治理, 现代化, 评价指标体系, 乡村振兴

Abstract:

From three dimensions of living environment, ecological environment and assurance system, 19 indexes were selected to construct an evaluation index system for rural environment governance modernization level. The indexes weights were determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Delphi method, and the indexes values were determined by the efficacy coefficient method. Based on the data of 1 818 county-level administrative districts in 2019, the modernization level of rural environment governance was evaluated. The results showed that the modernization level of rural environment governance of China at county level belonged to the general level, with an average value of 0.350. The county-level administrative districts, which reached the excellent level, were mainly distributed in the eastern region. There were large regional differences in the modernization level of rural environment governance in China. The living environment in the western region was weak. The main restricting dimension in all regions was the assurance system. Based on these findings, suggestions were put forward, such as establishing a mutual assistance and cooperation mechanism and a long-term infrastructure operation and management mechanism to promote the coordinated development of rural environment governance modernization level in different regions, and strengthening the assurance system and mechanism to make up for the shortcomings of the modernization level of rural environmental governance.

Key words: rural environment governance, modernization, evaluation index system, rural revitalization

中图分类号:

S-9
X321

张婉君, 朱利中, 陈丁江, 吴东雷, 王飞儿, 张清宇. 乡村环境治理现代化水平评价:以2019年为例[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(4): 913-921.

ZHANG Wanjun, ZHU Lizhong, CHEN Dingjiang, WU Donglei, WANG Feier, ZHANG Qingyu. Evaluation on rural environment governance modernization level: year of 2019 as an example[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 913-921.

图/表 7

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目标层 Target layer	准则层 Criterion layer	指标层 Index layer	权重 Weight
(A)乡村环境治理	(B1)人居环境	(C11)饮用水卫生合格率Hygienic qualification rate of drinking water/%	0.079 9
现代化	Living environment	(C12)农村卫生厕所普及率Popularization rate of rural sanitary toilets/%	0.070 4
Rural environment		(C13)生活污水处理率Domestic sewage treatment rate/%	0.070 4
governance		(C14)生活垃圾无害化处理率Harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage/%	0.070 4
modernization		(C15)农村居民人均可支配收入Per capita disposable income of rural residents/%	0.050 1
	(B2)生态环境	(C21)土壤质量达标率Soil quality compliance rate/%	0.060 0
	Ecological	(C22)空气质量达标率Air quality compliance rate/%	0.070 4
	environment	(C23)地表水功能区水质达标率 Water quality compliance rate of surface water function zone/%	0.070 4
		(C24)林草覆盖率Forest and grass coverage rate/%	0.049 9
		(C25)湿地保护率Wetland protection rate/%	0.049 9
		(C26)生态环境状况指数变化Changes of ecological environment status index	0.060 0
		(C27)生态系统生产总值Gross ecosystem product (GEP)/yuan	0.009 9
		(C28)GDP自然消耗系数GDP natural consumption coefficient	0.009 9
		(C29)单位面积耕地化肥施用量 Application amount of chemical fertilizer per unit area of cultivated land/(kg·hm^-2)	0.049 9
	(B3)保障体系	(C31)美丽村庄占比Proportion of beautiful villages/%	0.039 7
	Assurance system	(C32)生态环境公众满意度Public satisfaction of ecological environment/%	0.069 6
		(C33)“两山”转化体制机制创新 Innovation on transformation system and mechanism of “Two Mountains”	0.039 7
		(C34)人为重大环境污染事故Man-made major environmental pollution accidents	0.039 7
		(C35)生态环境相关荣誉Honors related to ecological environment	0.039 7

目标层 Target layer	准则层 Criterion layer	指标层 Index layer	权重 Weight
(A)乡村环境治理	(B1)人居环境	(C11)饮用水卫生合格率Hygienic qualification rate of drinking water/%	0.079 9
现代化	Living environment	(C12)农村卫生厕所普及率Popularization rate of rural sanitary toilets/%	0.070 4
Rural environment		(C13)生活污水处理率Domestic sewage treatment rate/%	0.070 4
governance		(C14)生活垃圾无害化处理率Harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage/%	0.070 4
modernization		(C15)农村居民人均可支配收入Per capita disposable income of rural residents/%	0.050 1
	(B2)生态环境	(C21)土壤质量达标率Soil quality compliance rate/%	0.060 0
	Ecological	(C22)空气质量达标率Air quality compliance rate/%	0.070 4
	environment	(C23)地表水功能区水质达标率 Water quality compliance rate of surface water function zone/%	0.070 4
		(C24)林草覆盖率Forest and grass coverage rate/%	0.049 9
		(C25)湿地保护率Wetland protection rate/%	0.049 9
		(C26)生态环境状况指数变化Changes of ecological environment status index	0.060 0
		(C27)生态系统生产总值Gross ecosystem product (GEP)/yuan	0.009 9
		(C28)GDP自然消耗系数GDP natural consumption coefficient	0.009 9
		(C29)单位面积耕地化肥施用量 Application amount of chemical fertilizer per unit area of cultivated land/(kg·hm^-2)	0.049 9
	(B3)保障体系	(C31)美丽村庄占比Proportion of beautiful villages/%	0.039 7
	Assurance system	(C32)生态环境公众满意度Public satisfaction of ecological environment/%	0.069 6
		(C33)“两山”转化体制机制创新 Innovation on transformation system and mechanism of “Two Mountains”	0.039 7
		(C34)人为重大环境污染事故Man-made major environmental pollution accidents	0.039 7
		(C35)生态环境相关荣誉Honors related to ecological environment	0.039 7

指标 Index	指标类型 Indicator type	满意值 Satisfaction value	不允许值 Disallowed value
C11	约束性Binding	100	80
C12	约束性Binding	90	80
C13	约束性Binding	95	85
C14	约束性Binding	100	80
C15	约束性Binding	17 304	11 369
C21	约束性Binding	—	—
C22	约束性Binding	96	77
C23	约束性Binding	95	73
C24	约束性Binding	64	33
C25	约束性Binding	—	—
C26	约束性Binding	明显变好Noticeably better	略微变差Slightly worse
C27	预期性Anticipating	—	—
C28	约束性Binding	—	—
C29	约束性Binding	50	70
C31	约束性Binding	2	0.1
C32	约束性Binding	87	76
C33	预期性Anticipating	有Yes	无No
C34	预期性Anticipating	无No	有Yes
C35	预期性Anticipating	有Yes	无No

指标 Index	指标类型 Indicator type	满意值 Satisfaction value	不允许值 Disallowed value
C11	约束性Binding	100	80
C12	约束性Binding	90	80
C13	约束性Binding	95	85
C14	约束性Binding	100	80
C15	约束性Binding	17 304	11 369
C21	约束性Binding	—	—
C22	约束性Binding	96	77
C23	约束性Binding	95	73
C24	约束性Binding	64	33
C25	约束性Binding	—	—
C26	约束性Binding	明显变好Noticeably better	略微变差Slightly worse
C27	预期性Anticipating	—	—
C28	约束性Binding	—	—
C29	约束性Binding	50	70
C31	约束性Binding	2	0.1
C32	约束性Binding	87	76
C33	预期性Anticipating	有Yes	无No
C34	预期性Anticipating	无No	有Yes
C35	预期性Anticipating	有Yes	无No

位次区间 Rank interval	F	等级 Grade
[0%,25%)	(0.466,1.000]	优秀Excellent
[25%,50%)	(0.358, 0.466]	良好Good
[50%,100%]	[0,0.358]	一般Average

乡村环境治理现代化水平评价:以2019年为例

Evaluation on rural environment governance modernization level: year of 2019 as an example

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