花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230492

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 527-533.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230492

花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析

蔡诗怡¹(), 虞慧芳², 王建升², 祝彪¹, 沈钰森², 顾宏辉², 盛小光²^,^*()

1.浙江农林大学园艺科学学院,浙江杭州 311300
2.浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2023-04-17 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-09
作者简介:蔡诗怡(1998—),女,浙江温州人,硕士,从事甘蓝类蔬菜遗传育种工作。E-mail: cai11@stu.zafu.edu.cn
通讯作者: *盛小光,E-mail: xguang@zaas.ac.cn
基金资助:
浙江省农业(蔬菜)新品种选育重大专项——花椰菜(2021C02065-4-3);浙江省科技计划(2022C02051);浙江省科技计划(2021C02042);浙江省“三农九方”项目(2022SNJF019)

Major gene plus polygene inheritance analysis of curd sitting height in cauliflower

CAI Shiyi¹(), YU Huifang², WANG Jiansheng², ZHU Biao¹, SHEN Yusen², GU Honghui², SHENG Xiaoguang²^,^*()

1. College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-04-17 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“坐球高度”是评价花椰菜品种是否适合机械化采收的重要农艺性状之一。为了解析花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的遗传规律,使用早熟、紧实型花椰菜F₇代自交系ZAASC4101与芥蓝F₆代自交系ZAASJ1401为亲本构建了包括P₁、P₂、F₁、F₂、B₁、B₂的6个联合世代群体,利用主茎高度(六世代群体)和叶痕间距(F₂群体)两个指标来锚定“坐球高度”性状。研究结果表明,F₂群体中主茎高度与叶痕间距数值呈极显著相关(相关系数为0.652),并且这两个指标均为连续性的近似正态分布,符合数量遗传的特征;主茎高度的六世代群体遗传分析和叶痕间距的F₂群体遗传分析结果均表明,花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的最适遗传模型为:两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型,表明该性状主要受两对主基因+多个微效基因的控制,并且遗传率达到97.84%。因此,可以利用连锁分子标记在早期世代对花椰菜“坐球高度”性状进行辅助选择和遗传改良。综上,本研究结果为进一步定位和挖掘控制花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的关键基因,最终利用生物技术手段育成适宜机械化采收的花椰菜新品种奠定了前期研究基础。

关键词: 花椰菜, 坐球高度, 六世代群体, 主基因+多基因遗传分析, 数量性状

Abstract:

The “curd sitting height” is one of the important agronomic traits for evaluating the suitability of cauliflower varieties for mechanized harvesting. In order to analyze the genetic pattern of the “curd sitting height” trait in cauliflower, the F₇ inbred line of cauliflower (ZAASC4101, early-maturing and compact type) and the F₆ inbred line of Chinese kale (ZAASJ1401) were used as parents to construct six combined populations including P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, B₁ and B₂. The “curd sitting height” trait was anchored using two indicators: main stem height and leaf scar spacing. The results of this study showed that there was a significant correlation between the main stem height and the leaf scar spacing in the F₂ population (the correlation coefficient was 0.652). And the two indicators were both continuous and approximately normal distribution, which was consistent with the characteristics of quantitative inheritance. The genetic analysis of the six-generation populations for the main stem height and the F₂ population for the leaf scar spacing both showed that the optimal genetic model of “curd sitting height” trait in cauliflower was two pairs of additive-dominance-epistatic major genes + additive-dominance-epistatic polygenes genetic model, indicating that this trait was mainly controlled by two pairs of major genes + multiple minor genes, and the heritability reached 97.84%. Therefore, it is possible to use the linkage molecular markers to assist selection and genetic improvement of the “curd sitting height ” trait in cauliflower in early generations. In summary, the results of this study laid a preliminary research foundation for further locating and exploring the key genes controlling the “curd sitting height” of cauliflower, and ultimately using biotechnology to cultivate new varieties of cauliflower suitable for mechanized harvesting.

Key words: cauliflower, curd sitting height, six-generation populations, main gene plus polygene genetic analysis, quantitative trait

中图分类号:

S635.3

蔡诗怡, 虞慧芳, 王建升, 祝彪, 沈钰森, 顾宏辉, 盛小光. 花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(3): 527-533.

CAI Shiyi, YU Huifang, WANG Jiansheng, ZHU Biao, SHEN Yusen, GU Honghui, SHENG Xiaoguang. Major gene plus polygene inheritance analysis of curd sitting height in cauliflower[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(3): 527-533.

图/表 6

参考文献 21

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性状	世代	平均值±标准差	株数	变异系数
Traits	Generation	Mean±SD/cm	No. of plants	CV/%
主茎高度	P₁	28.68±0.84	50	2.94
Main stem	P₂	8.12±0.824	50	10.15
height	F₁	20.98±0.79	50	3.79
	F₂	22.95±5.48	219	23.88
	B₁	27.89±2.18	70	7.83
	B₂	20.21±3.52	185	17.42
叶痕间距	P₁	5.47±0.49	50	8.96
Leaf scar	P₂	2.56±0.29	50	11.33
spacing	F₂	4.00±0.98	219	24.50

性状	世代	平均值±标准差	株数	变异系数
Traits	Generation	Mean±SD/cm	No. of plants	CV/%
主茎高度	P₁	28.68±0.84	50	2.94
Main stem	P₂	8.12±0.824	50	10.15
height	F₁	20.98±0.79	50	3.79
	F₂	22.95±5.48	219	23.88
	B₁	27.89±2.18	70	7.83
	B₂	20.21±3.52	185	17.42
叶痕间距	P₁	5.47±0.49	50	8.96
Leaf scar	P₂	2.56±0.29	50	11.33
spacing	F₂	4.00±0.98	219	24.50

六世代群体主茎高度 The height of the main stem in the six-generation population			F₂群体叶痕间距 F₂ group leaf scar spacing
模型Model	MLV	AIC	模型Model	MLV	AIC
1MG-NCD	-1 957.999	3 921.997	1MG-NCD	-301.558 7	611.117 5
1MG-EAD	-1 911.200	3 828.401	1MG-EAD	-298.587 7	605.175 4
1MG-AD	-1 726.858	3 461.716	1MG-AD	-285.367 0	578.734
1MG-A	-1 758.092	3 522.183	1MG-A	-293.133 0	592.265 9
2MG-EAD	-1 802.738	3 611.476	2MG-EAD	-306.559 5	619.118 9
2MG-EA	-1 754.709	3 515.419	2MG-EA	331.458 3	-656.916 6
2MG-CD	-1 802.738	3 613.476	2MG-CD	-306.559 5	621.118 9
2MG-ADI	-1 592.234	3 204.468	2MG-ADI	-295.229 6	610.459 2
2MG-AD	-1 717.980	3 447.959	2MG-AD	346.549 7	-681.099 3
2MG-A	-1 780.579	3 569.157	2MG-A	648.082 0	-1 288.164
PG-ADI	-1 515.611	3 051.222	PG-ADI
PG-AD	-1 754.194	3 522.388	PG-AD
MX1-NCD-AD	-1 677.031	3 370.061	MX1-NCD-AD
MX1-EAD-AD	-1 578.622	3 173.244	MX1-EAD-AD
MX1-AD-ADI	-1 510.622	3 045.244	MX1-AD-ADI
MX1-AD-AD	-1 565.957	3 149.914	MX1-AD-AD
MX1-A-AD	-1 648.965	3 313.931	MX1-A-AD
MX2-EAD-AD	-1 614.513	3 245.025	MX2-EAD-AD
MX2-EA-AD	-1 621.050	3 258.100	MX2-EA-AD
MX2-CD-AD	-1 575.601	3 169.202	MX2-CD-AD
MX2-ADI-ADI	-1 506.296	3 048.592	MX2-ADI-ADI
MX2-ADI-AD	-1 521.620	3 073.240	MX2-ADI-AD
MX2-AD-AD	-1 550.306	3 122.612	MX2-AD-AD
MX2-A-AD	-1 528.941	3 075.882	MX2-A-AD
			0MG	-306.558 7	617.117 4

六世代群体主茎高度 The height of the main stem in the six-generation population			F₂群体叶痕间距 F₂ group leaf scar spacing
模型Model	MLV	AIC	模型Model	MLV	AIC
1MG-NCD	-1 957.999	3 921.997	1MG-NCD	-301.558 7	611.117 5
1MG-EAD	-1 911.200	3 828.401	1MG-EAD	-298.587 7	605.175 4
1MG-AD	-1 726.858	3 461.716	1MG-AD	-285.367 0	578.734
1MG-A	-1 758.092	3 522.183	1MG-A	-293.133 0	592.265 9
2MG-EAD	-1 802.738	3 611.476	2MG-EAD	-306.559 5	619.118 9
2MG-EA	-1 754.709	3 515.419	2MG-EA	331.458 3	-656.916 6
2MG-CD	-1 802.738	3 613.476	2MG-CD	-306.559 5	621.118 9
2MG-ADI	-1 592.234	3 204.468	2MG-ADI	-295.229 6	610.459 2
2MG-AD	-1 717.980	3 447.959	2MG-AD	346.549 7	-681.099 3
2MG-A	-1 780.579	3 569.157	2MG-A	648.082 0	-1 288.164
PG-ADI	-1 515.611	3 051.222	PG-ADI
PG-AD	-1 754.194	3 522.388	PG-AD
MX1-NCD-AD	-1 677.031	3 370.061	MX1-NCD-AD
MX1-EAD-AD	-1 578.622	3 173.244	MX1-EAD-AD
MX1-AD-ADI	-1 510.622	3 045.244	MX1-AD-ADI
MX1-AD-AD	-1 565.957	3 149.914	MX1-AD-AD
MX1-A-AD	-1 648.965	3 313.931	MX1-A-AD
MX2-EAD-AD	-1 614.513	3 245.025	MX2-EAD-AD
MX2-EA-AD	-1 621.050	3 258.100	MX2-EA-AD
MX2-CD-AD	-1 575.601	3 169.202	MX2-CD-AD
MX2-ADI-ADI	-1 506.296	3 048.592	MX2-ADI-ADI
MX2-ADI-AD	-1 521.620	3 073.240	MX2-ADI-AD
MX2-AD-AD	-1 550.306	3 122.612	MX2-AD-AD
MX2-A-AD	-1 528.941	3 075.882	MX2-A-AD
			0MG	-306.558 7	617.117 4

一阶参数Univalent parameter		二阶参数Bivalent parameter
参数 Parameter	估计值 Estimated value	参数 Parameter	估计值 Estimated value
m	23.498 4	σ² mg	4.033 6
d_a	1.727 6	σ² pg	25.229 4
h_a	-0.399 7	h² mg/%	13.485 1
h_b	0.394 6	h² pg/%	84.346 7

花椰菜“坐球高度”性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析

Major gene plus polygene inheritance analysis of curd sitting height in cauliflower

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