浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 2666-2675.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231436
郭爱奎(), 梁志浩, 李宇星, 汪强, 程怡璠, 薛松, 于文青, 徐肖, 张英虎, 乔海龙, 杨红燕, 沈会权(
)
收稿日期:
2023-12-26
出版日期:
2024-12-25
发布日期:
2024-12-27
作者简介:
郭爱奎(1994—),男,甘肃定西人,硕士,研究实习员,从事大麦遗传育种研究。E-mail:gak16609326125@163.com
通讯作者:
*沈会权,E-mail:jsycshq@163.com
基金资助:
GUO Aikui(), LIANG Zhihao, LI Yuxing, WANG Qiang, CHENG Yifan, XUE Song, YU Wenqing, XU Xiao, ZHANG Yinghu, QIAO Hailong, YANG Hongyan, SHEN Huiquan(
)
Received:
2023-12-26
Online:
2024-12-25
Published:
2024-12-27
摘要:
江苏沿海地区大麦生产处于国内领先水平,探讨江苏沿海地区大麦品种(系)主要性状的变化规律对提高我国大麦产量和品质具有重要借鉴意义。本研究基于2007—2021年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定试验数据,综合运用线性回归分析、通径分析和相关性分析等方法,研究了近15年江苏沿海地区大麦品种(系)农艺和品质性状的变化特征。结果表明: 2007—2021年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定试验品种(系)的株高、单位面积穗数、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重和产量均呈上升趋势,其中株高以年均0.69 cm的速度显著增高,单位面积穗数以年均7.05×104 hm-2显著增加,穗粒数年均增加0.12粒,千粒重年均增加0.26 g,产量年均增加27.58 kg·hm-2,但生育期无显著变化。近年来江苏沿海地区选育的大麦品种(系)籽粒蛋白质含量呈下降趋势,选育了苏啤9号、苏啤11号、盐麦6号、盐麦7号和盐13215等籽粒蛋白质含量低于12.50%的优质大麦。产量三要素的协同发展是近15年江苏沿海地区大麦产量增加的关键驱动因素。然而,株高升高和极端天气频发导致大麦倒伏情况加剧是制约江苏沿海地区大麦产量进一步提升的主要原因。本研究揭示了近15年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定试验品种(系)农艺和品质性状的变化特征,阐明了大麦主要农艺性状与产量之间的关系,可为我国大麦高产优质协同发展提供参考。
中图分类号:
郭爱奎, 梁志浩, 李宇星, 汪强, 程怡璠, 薛松, 于文青, 徐肖, 张英虎, 乔海龙, 杨红燕, 沈会权. 2007—2021年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定试验品种(系)的综合性状变化特征[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(12): 2666-2675.
GUO Aikui, LIANG Zhihao, LI Yuxing, WANG Qiang, CHENG Yifan, XUE Song, YU Wenqing, XU Xiao, ZHANG Yinghu, QIAO Hailong, YANG Hongyan, SHEN Huiquan. Change characteristics of comprehensive traits of barley varieties (strains) in the comparative identification tests in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province of China from 2007 to 2021[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2666-2675.
图1 2007—2021年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定试验品种(系)数量与占比 A,大麦品比鉴定试验品种(系)的数量;B,大麦品比、鉴定试验品种(系)数量的占比。
Fig.1 Number and proportion of comparison and identification of barley varieties (strains) in Jiangsu coastal areas from 2007 to 2021 A, The number of varieties (strains) in barley variety comparison and identification test; B, The proportion of varieties (strains) in barley variety comparison and identification test.
图2 2007—2021年江苏沿海地区大麦品比鉴定品种(系)农艺性状随时间的变化规律
Fig.2 Patterns of agronomic traits of barley varieties (strains) in the comparison and identification tests in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province from 2007 to 2021
图3 近年来江苏沿海地区选育大麦品种(系)的蛋白质、淀粉和β-葡聚糖含量 S3,苏啤3号;S4,苏啤4号;S5,苏啤5号;S6,苏啤6号;S7,苏啤7号;S9,苏啤9号;S10,苏啤10号;S11,苏啤11号;Y6,盐麦6号;Y7,盐麦7号;S12,苏啤12号;S13,苏啤13号;S14,苏啤14号;Y21,盐13215(品系)。
Fig.3 Contents of protein, starch and β-glucan in barley varieties (strains) selected in Jiangsu coastal areas in recent years S3, Supi No. 3; S4, Supi No. 4; S5, Supi No. 5; S6, Supi No. 6; S7, Supi No. 7; S9, Supi No. 9; S10, Supi No. 10; S11, Supi No. 11; Y6, Yanmai 6; Y7, Yanmai 7; S12, Supi No. 12; S13, Supi No. 13; S14, Supi No. 14; Y21, Yan 13215 (strain).
图4 近15年江苏沿海地区大麦产量变化的通径分析 虚线为农艺性状间的相关性;实线为农艺性状对产量通径系数;红线表示负值;黑线表示正值;SN,单位面积穗数;GW,千粒重;PH,株高;KN,穗粒数;SL,穗长。**,在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关。
Fig.4 Analysis of driving factors of barley yield change in Jiangsu coastal areas in recent 15 years Dashed lines were correlation between agronomic traits; Solid line were path coefficient of agronomic traits on yield; Red line represented negative value; Black linerepresented positive value; SN, Spike numbers per unit area; GW, 1 000-grain weight; PH, Plant height; KN, Kernel numbers per spike; SL, Spike length. **, Significant correlation at 0.01 level (both sides).
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