水稻籼粳亚种杂交组合的农艺性状与杂种优势

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241079

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2021-2031.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20241079

水稻籼粳亚种杂交组合的农艺性状与杂种优势

黄玲玲¹^,²(), 叶靖², 翟荣荣², 黄奇³, 巫明明², 朱国富², 俞法明², 张小明²^,³, 韩金玲¹^,^*(), 叶胜海²^,^*()

1.河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院,河北秦皇岛 066000
2.浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州 310021
3.湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江湖州 313000

收稿日期:2024-12-12 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-13
作者简介:黄玲玲(1999—),女,江苏盐城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为籼粳亚种杂种优势。E-mail:1278913942@qq.com
通讯作者: *叶胜海,E-mail:yesh@zaas.ac.cn;韩金玲,E-mail:hanjinlingde@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2024YFD2300500);湖州市现代农业技术研发项目(2022SY004);浙江省科技计划(2022C02034)

Agronomic traits and heterosis in indica-japonica hybrid rice combinations

HUANG Lingling¹^,²(), YE Jing², ZHAI Rongrong², HUANG Qi³, WU Mingming², ZHU Guofu², YU Faming², ZHANG Xiaoming²^,³, HAN Jinling¹^,^*(), YE Shenghai²^,^*()

1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China
2. Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
3. Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2024-12-12 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了明确籼粳亚种杂交稻组合的主要农艺性状与杂种优势,利用22个籼型恢复系和4个粳型不育系组配获得44个杂交品种,并划分为4个集合,以甬优1540为对照品种,分析株高、穗长、单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重和单株产量。结果显示,4个集合的株高普遍较高,单株有效穗数和千粒重表现优良,穗长、每穗实粒数、结实率表现不佳;所有集合中单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数和单株产量的变异系数较大;与产量关系最为密切的性状是单株有效穗数,其次为每穗实粒数。与父本相比,单株有效穗数的杂种优势表现最好,穗长、每穗实粒数和结实率表现较差。与对照甬优1540相比,株高的杂种优势表现最好,每穗实粒数、结实率和单株产量表现较差。研究结果可以为籼粳杂交稻品种改良提供参考。

关键词: 籼粳亚种, 农艺性状, 籼型恢复系, 粳型不育系, 杂种优势

Abstract:

In order to clarify the main agronomic traits and heterosis of indica-japonica hybrid rice combinations, 44 hybrid varieties were obtained by combining 22 indica restorer lines and 4 japonica sterile lines, and divided into four sets. Plant height, panicle length, effective panicle number per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, seed setting rate, 1 000-grain weight and yield per plant were analyzed, Yongyou 1540 was used as the control variety. The results revealed that all sets generally exhibited tall plant heights, with excellent performance in terms of the number of effective panicles per plant and 1 000-grain weight, but poor performance in panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, and seed setting rate.The coefficient of variation of effective panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle and yield per plant in all sets were larger. The trait most closely related to yield was the number of effective panicles per plant, followed by the number of filled grains per panicle. Compared with the male parent, the heterosis of effective panicle number per plant was the best, and the panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate were poor. Compared with the control Yongyou 1540, the heterosis of plant height was the best, and the number of filled grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yield per plant were poor. The results of this study could provide reference for the improvement of indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties.

Key words: indica-japonica rice subspecies, agronomic trait, indica restorer line, japonica sterile line, heterosis

中图分类号:

S511

黄玲玲, 叶靖, 翟荣荣, 黄奇, 巫明明, 朱国富, 俞法明, 张小明, 韩金玲, 叶胜海. 水稻籼粳亚种杂交组合的农艺性状与杂种优势[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(10): 2021-2031.

HUANG Lingling, YE Jing, ZHAI Rongrong, HUANG Qi, WU Mingming, ZHU Guofu, YU Faming, ZHANG Xiaoming, HAN Jinling, YE Shenghai. Agronomic traits and heterosis in indica-japonica hybrid rice combinations[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(10): 2021-2031.

图/表 5

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集合 Set	母本 Female	父本 Male	杂交组合 Hybrid combination	集合 Set	母本 Female	父本 Male	杂交组合 Hybrid combination
集合1 Set 1	浙粳17A Zhejing 17A	R3	XJ25	集合2 Set 2	浙粳6A Zhejing 6A	R13	XJ44
		R4	XJ26			R18	XJ46
		R5	XJ27			R21	XJ47
		R6	XJ28			R22	XJ48
		R7	XJ29			R23	XJ49
		R8	XJ30			R24	XJ50
		R9	XJ32			R25	XJ52
		R10	XJ33			R26	XJ53
		R11	XJ34			R27	XJ54
		R12	XJ35			R28	XJ55
		R14	XJ37			R34	XJ56
集合3 Set 3	浙糯1A Zhenuo 1A	R3	XJ77	集合4 Set 4	浙粳7A Zhejing 7A	R13	XJ59
		R4	XJ78			R18	XJ60
		R5	XJ79			R21	XJ64
		R6	XJ80			R22	XJ65
		R7	XJ82			R23	XJ66
		R8	XJ83			R24	XJ67
		R9	XJ84			R25	XJ68
		R10	XJ85			R26	XJ69
		R11	XJ86			R27	XJ70
		R12	XJ87			R28	XJ72
		R14	XJ88			R34	XJ75

集合 Set	母本 Female	父本 Male	杂交组合 Hybrid combination	集合 Set	母本 Female	父本 Male	杂交组合 Hybrid combination
集合1 Set 1	浙粳17A Zhejing 17A	R3	XJ25	集合2 Set 2	浙粳6A Zhejing 6A	R13	XJ44
		R4	XJ26			R18	XJ46
		R5	XJ27			R21	XJ47
		R6	XJ28			R22	XJ48
		R7	XJ29			R23	XJ49
		R8	XJ30			R24	XJ50
		R9	XJ32			R25	XJ52
		R10	XJ33			R26	XJ53
		R11	XJ34			R27	XJ54
		R12	XJ35			R28	XJ55
		R14	XJ37			R34	XJ56
集合3 Set 3	浙糯1A Zhenuo 1A	R3	XJ77	集合4 Set 4	浙粳7A Zhejing 7A	R13	XJ59
		R4	XJ78			R18	XJ60
		R5	XJ79			R21	XJ64
		R6	XJ80			R22	XJ65
		R7	XJ82			R23	XJ66
		R8	XJ83			R24	XJ67
		R9	XJ84			R25	XJ68
		R10	XJ85			R26	XJ69
		R11	XJ86			R27	XJ70
		R12	XJ87			R28	XJ72
		R14	XJ88			R34	XJ75

材料 Material	PH		PL		EP		FG		SSR		TGW		YPP
材料 Material	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ %	CV/%	均值 Average/ g	CV/%	均值 Average/ g	CV/%
集合1 Set 1	118.98± 3.37 b	2.83	25.37± 0.63 bc	2.49	8.47± 2.40 a	28.39	215.07± 31.07 d	14.45	89.53± 0.03 b	3.50	23.67± 0.99 ab	4.20	42.79± 12.26 bc	28.65
集合2 Set 2	125.73± 5.72 ab	4.55	22.72± 0.83 c	3.68	7.85± 1.40 ab	17.85	244.70± 46.66 cd	19.07	61.88± 0.08 g	12.47	22.34± 0.95 abc	4.24	43.31± 11.70 bc	27.03
集合3 Set 3	134.30± 5.55 a	4.13	24.62± 1.15 bc	4.66	8.61± 1.72 a	19.96	207.01± 27.33 d	13.20	79.50± 0.07 e	9.08	23.96± 1.35 a	5.65	43.49± 11.36 bc	26.12
集合4 Set 4	126.35± 6.16 ab	4.87	22.51± 1.08 c	4.78	8.30± 1.42 a	17.08	259.31± 39.00 bcd	15.04	73.26± 0.04 f	5.43	22.50± 2.18 abc	9.67	48.38± 8.90 ab	18.41
甬优1540 Yongyou1540	117.60± 2.13 b	1.81	23.52± 0.47 bc	2.01	7.00± 2.00 ab	28.57	353.80± 35.42 a	10.01	91.20± 0.03 a	2.82	21.79± 0.03 bc	1.24	54.21± 18.35 a	33.85
父本集合1 Male parent set 1	121.24± 3.46 b	2.85	26.31± 1.69 ab	6.44	6.00± 0.87 b	14.49	324.06± 63.93 ab	19.73	88.18± 0.05 c	6.21	21.30± 1.87 c	8.79	40.20± 7.43 c	18.49
父本集合2 Male parent set 2	126.02± 7.40 ab	5.87	28.76± 2.99 a	10.40	6.12± 1.49b	24.26	306.82± 50.54 abc	16.47	84.79± 0.06 d	7.03	22.19± 1.98 abc	8.92	41.31± 11.59 c	28.05

材料 Material	PH		PL		EP		FG		SSR		TGW		YPP
材料 Material	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ cm	CV/%	均值 Average/ %	CV/%	均值 Average/ g	CV/%	均值 Average/ g	CV/%
集合1 Set 1	118.98± 3.37 b	2.83	25.37± 0.63 bc	2.49	8.47± 2.40 a	28.39	215.07± 31.07 d	14.45	89.53± 0.03 b	3.50	23.67± 0.99 ab	4.20	42.79± 12.26 bc	28.65
集合2 Set 2	125.73± 5.72 ab	4.55	22.72± 0.83 c	3.68	7.85± 1.40 ab	17.85	244.70± 46.66 cd	19.07	61.88± 0.08 g	12.47	22.34± 0.95 abc	4.24	43.31± 11.70 bc	27.03
集合3 Set 3	134.30± 5.55 a	4.13	24.62± 1.15 bc	4.66	8.61± 1.72 a	19.96	207.01± 27.33 d	13.20	79.50± 0.07 e	9.08	23.96± 1.35 a	5.65	43.49± 11.36 bc	26.12
集合4 Set 4	126.35± 6.16 ab	4.87	22.51± 1.08 c	4.78	8.30± 1.42 a	17.08	259.31± 39.00 bcd	15.04	73.26± 0.04 f	5.43	22.50± 2.18 abc	9.67	48.38± 8.90 ab	18.41
甬优1540 Yongyou1540	117.60± 2.13 b	1.81	23.52± 0.47 bc	2.01	7.00± 2.00 ab	28.57	353.80± 35.42 a	10.01	91.20± 0.03 a	2.82	21.79± 0.03 bc	1.24	54.21± 18.35 a	33.85
父本集合1 Male parent set 1	121.24± 3.46 b	2.85	26.31± 1.69 ab	6.44	6.00± 0.87 b	14.49	324.06± 63.93 ab	19.73	88.18± 0.05 c	6.21	21.30± 1.87 c	8.79	40.20± 7.43 c	18.49
父本集合2 Male parent set 2	126.02± 7.40 ab	5.87	28.76± 2.99 a	10.40	6.12± 1.49b	24.26	306.82± 50.54 abc	16.47	84.79± 0.06 d	7.03	22.19± 1.98 abc	8.92	41.31± 11.59 c	28.05

集合 Set	统计数值 Statistical value	PH	EP	PL	FG	SSR	TGW	YPP
集合1 Set 1	均值Average	-1.83	45.23	-3.21	-32.09	1.92	11.75	8.80
	范围Range	-5.32~ 3.72	-19.05~ 134.38	-15.38~ 7.00	-48.37~ -15.13	-4.17~ 23.92	-1.80~ 22.30	-39.44~ 64.38
	PPAC	18.18	81.82	27.27	0	54.55	90.91	54.55
集合2 Set 2	均值Average	0.08	33.91	-20.34	-17.82	-26.86	1.30	13.42
	范围Range	-9.94~ 10.18	-25.00~ 114.29	-32.96~ -9.28	-47.15~ 30.23	-41.17~ -8.98	-10.63~ 14.15	-61.27~ 80.61
	PPAC	45.45	81.82	0	18.18	0	54.55	63.64
集合3 Set 3	均值Average	10.87	45.49	-6.10	-34.25	-9.55	13.12	9.69
	范围Range	3.47~ 21.08	-4.76~ 100.00	-17.54~ 4.47	-49.30~ -11.55	-22.34~ 4.78	0.45~ 24.12	-41.92~ 61.26
	PPAC	100.00	90.91	27.27	0	18.18	100.00	63.64
集合4 Set 4	均值Average	0.63	44.78	-21.14	-14.20	-13.22	2.21	29.09
	范围Range	-10.43~ 22.37	-15.38~ 120.00	-33.22~ -11.79	-36.89~ 8.46	-21.89~ 1.61	-8.54~ 41.44	-34.50~ 140.01
	PPAC	36.36	81.82	0	18.18	9.09	54.55	54.55

水稻籼粳亚种杂交组合的农艺性状与杂种优势

Agronomic traits and heterosis in indica-japonica hybrid rice combinations

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集合 Set	统计数值 Statistical value	PH	EP	PL	FG	SSR	TGW	YPP
集合1 Set 1	均值Average	1.18	21.00	7.88	-39.24	-1.83	8.60	-21.07
	范围Range	-4.20~ 4.82	-19.05~ 134.38	4.45~ 12.24	-51.06~ -25.30	-8.99~ 1.71	2.24~ 17.07	-47.46~ 8.35
	PPAC	72.73	54.55	100.00	0	45.45	100.00	27.27
集合2 Set 2	均值Average	6.91	12.12	-3.40	-30.87	-32.15	2.46	-20.11
	范围Range	1.19~ 14.17	-14.29~ 42.86	-8.21~ 5.68	-53.56~ -12.46	-44.10~ -16.26	-5.71~ 8.46	-57.34~ 2.96
	PPAC	100.00	54.55	9.09	0	0	72.73	9.09
集合3 Set 3	均值Average	14.20	22.94	4.66	-41.52	-12.82	9.93	-19.77
	范围Range	6.75~ 22.93	-14.29~ 47.62	-1.55~ 15.88	-53.03~ -29.30	-26.25~ -1.55	2.04~ 24.87	-52.66~ 6.18
	PPAC	100.00	72.73	90.91	0	0	100.00	18.18
集合4 Set 4	均值Average	7.44	18.61	-4.29	-26.75	-19.67	3.21	-10.76
	范围Range	-0.60~ 17.83	-9.52~ 57.14	-9.86~ 6.01	-45.03~ -10.14	-25.52~ -13.67	-6.12~ 31.35	-33.23~ 11.04
	PPAC	90.91	81.82	18.18	0	0	54.55	36.36

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