浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1297-1312.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250355

• 作物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

营养液配方对水培菜用甘薯生长、产量和营养品质的影响

马文清(), 庞林江, 王思雨, 舒兴, 崔鹏, 徐锡明, 吕尊富, 陆国权*()   

  1. 浙江农林大学 现代农学院, 浙江 杭州 311300
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 作者简介:马文清,研究方向为薯类作物生理生化与代谢调控。E-mail:mawenqing0222@163.com
  • 通讯作者: *陆国权,E-mail: lugq@zafu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-10-Sweetpotato)

Effects of nutrient solution formulation on growth, yield and nutritional quality of hydroponic vegetable sweet potato

MA Wenqing(), PANG Linjiang, WANG Siyu, SHU Xing, CUI Peng, XU Ximing, LYU Zunfu, LU Guoquan*()   

  1. College of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
  • Received:2025-05-06 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要:

菜用甘薯作为一种新型叶菜,其水培目前缺乏专用营养液配方。为研究不同营养液配方对水培菜用甘薯生长、产量和品质的影响,本研究采用营养液膜技术(nutrient film technique, NFT)进行水培,以菜用甘薯品种薯绿1号(品种A)、徐菜观1号(品种B)和农林紫白(品种C)为试验材料,设置6个营养液配方处理:Hoagland通用配方(对照,CK)、日本园试配方(T1)、华南农业大学叶菜A配方(T2)、日本山崎茼蒿配方(T3)、Cooper通用配方(T4)和荷兰温室配方(T5)。通过测定不同营养液配方处理下各品种的生长指标、质构指标和品质指标,研究不同配方对菜用甘薯生长、产量和品质的影响。基于主成分分析构建综合品质评价模型,通过综合得分评价品质,以筛选最适营养液配方和品种。结果表明,不同营养液配方处理下,各菜用甘薯品种的指标变化趋势存在差异。在T2处理下,3个品种的地上部干物率、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量和维生素C含量均达到最高,硝酸盐含量最低;其余指标在不同配方间的变化趋势不一致,例如,单株产量在CK、T1和T3处理下较高。不同配方处理下菜用甘薯的综合得分呈现较一致的趋势,3个品种在T2处理下的综合得分均最高,且显著高于CK和其他处理组;品种B和品种C在各处理下的得分相近,且均显著高于品种A。综上所述,在6种营养液配方中,华南农业大学叶菜A配方(T2)为最优配方,能显著提升水培菜用甘薯的品质;徐菜观1号(品种B)和农林紫白(品种C)的品质较为相似,且均优于薯绿1号(品种A)。

关键词: 菜用甘薯, 营养液配方, 水培, 品质, 综合评价模型

Abstract:

Vegetable sweet potato, as a novel leafy vegetable, currently lacks specialized nutrient solution formulations for hydroponic cultivation. To investigate the effects of different nutrient solution formulations on the growth, yield and quality of hydroponic vegetable sweet potato, this study used the nutrient film technique (NFT) for hydroponic cultivation. Three vegetable sweet potato varieties, Shulyu 1 (variety A), Xucaiguan 1 (variety B), and Nonglin Zibai (variety C), were used as experimental materials. Six nutrient solution formulation treatments were established: Hoagland universal formulation (control, CK), Japanese garden trial formulation (T1), South China Agricultural University leafy vegetable A formulation (T2), the Japanese Yamazaki Chrysanthemum formulation (T3), Cooper universal formulation (T4) and Dutch greenhouse formulation (T5). By measuring growth indicators, texture indicators and quality indicators of each variety under different nutrient solution formulations, the effects of different formulations on the growth, yield and quality of vegetable sweet potato were studied. A comprehensive quality evaluation model was constructed based on principal component analysis, and quality was evaluated through comprehensive scores to screen for the optimal nutrient solution formulation and variety. The results showed that under different nutrient solution formulations, the trends of indicator changes varied among the vegetable sweet potato varieties. Under the T2 treatment, the shoot dry matter rate, soluble sugar content, starch content and vitamin C content of all three varieties reached their highest levels, while nitrate content was the lowest. The trends for other indicators were inconsistent among different formulations; for example, yield per plant was higher under CK, T1 and T3 treatments. The comprehensive scores of vegetable sweet potatoes under different formulation treatments showed a relatively consistent trend. The comprehensive scores of all three varieties under the T2 treatment were the highest and significantly higher than those of CK and other treatment groups. The comprehensive scores of variety B and variety C under each treatment were similar and both were significantly higher than that of variety A. In conclusion, among the six nutrient solution formulations, the South China Agricultural University leafy vegetable A formulation was the optimal formulation, significantly improving the quality of hydroponic vegetable sweet potato. The qualities of Xucaiguan 1 (variety B) and Nonglin Zibai (variety C) were relatively similar and both were superior to that of Shulyu 1 (variety A).

Key words: vegetable sweet potato, nutrient solution formulation, hydroponics, quality, comprehensive evaluation model

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