Effects of different safe utilization technologies on cadmium reduction in rice-vegetable rotation system in northern Hainan, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.08.16

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 1725-1733.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.08.16

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different safe utilization technologies on cadmium reduction in rice-vegetable rotation system in northern Hainan, China

HUANG Feng¹(), XING Jianping¹, FU Shaohuai¹, PAN Pan²^,³, WU Lin²^,³, LIU Beibei²^,³, CHEN Miao²^,³^,^*()

1. Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station of Hainan, Haikou 571100, China
2. Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
3. National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment in Danzhou, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China

Received:2021-08-08 Online:2022-08-25 Published:2022-08-26
Contact: CHEN Miao

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effects of safe utilization technologies on Cd-contaminated farmland in Hainan, rice-vegetable rotation system in northern Hainan with light to moderate Cd pollution was selected as the study object. The effects of 6 safe utilization technologies on Cd reduction in pepper and rice, and the effects of 9 passivators on Cd accumulation in rice were compared. The results showed that the Cd reduction effects of various safe utilization technologies decreased in the order of optimal fertilization+soil conditioning+foliage resistance>soil conditioning+foliage resistance>optimal fertilization+foliage resistance>soil conditioning>foliage resistance>optimal fertilization, and the Cd reduction rates in pepper and rice were 61.6%-91.5%, 49.4%-91.3%, respectively. All these technologies reduced health risk of Cd-intake by pepper to an acceptable range, but only optimal fertilization+soil conditioning+foliage resistance and soil conditioning+foliage resistance reduced the health risk of Cd-intake by rice to an acceptable range. Applying passivators could significantly (P<0.05) reduce Cd content in rice, but the Cd reduction rates varied from 29.7% to 77.0%. Among them, biochar and phosphorus combined passivator (biochar+phosphate rock powder, biochar+activated phosphate rock powder), vermicompost and iron phosphorus combined passivator (vermicompost+zero-valent iron+phosphate rock powder) had better effect, and the Cd reduction rate of rice was higher than 68%. In conclusion, optimal fertilization+soil conditioning+foliage resistance, soil conditioning+foliage resistance were feasible for the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated farmland in Hainan, and biochar and phosphorus combined passivator, and vermicompost and iron phosphorus combined passivator were recommended passivators for soil conditioning.

Key words: safe utilization technology, rice-vegetable rotation, cadmium, passivators

CLC Number:

S156.6

HUANG Feng, XING Jianping, FU Shaohuai, PAN Pan, WU Lin, LIU Beibei, CHEN Miao. Effects of different safe utilization technologies on cadmium reduction in rice-vegetable rotation system in northern Hainan, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(8): 1725-1733.

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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检测指标 Indexes	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	均值 Mean
pH	4.9	6.1	5.4
OM/(g·kg^-1)	12.5	32.5	20.5
CEC/(cmol^+.kg^-1)	2.4	7.9	5.7
Cd/(mg·kg^-1)	0.01	0.85	0.53
As/(mg·kg^-1)	3.9	13.8	10.8
Ni/(mg·kg^-1)	21.8	42.0	29.5
Cr/(mg·kg^-1)	46.5	74.8	59.2
Pb/(mg·kg^-1)	14.9	43.2	34.8
ACd/(mg·kg^-1)	0.01	0.54	0.37

检测指标 Indexes	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	均值 Mean
pH	4.9	6.1	5.4
OM/(g·kg^-1)	12.5	32.5	20.5
CEC/(cmol^+.kg^-1)	2.4	7.9	5.7
Cd/(mg·kg^-1)	0.01	0.85	0.53
As/(mg·kg^-1)	3.9	13.8	10.8
Ni/(mg·kg^-1)	21.8	42.0	29.5
Cr/(mg·kg^-1)	46.5	74.8	59.2
Pb/(mg·kg^-1)	14.9	43.2	34.8
ACd/(mg·kg^-1)	0.01	0.54	0.37

钝化剂 Passivator	pH	OM/%	Cd/(mg· kg^-1)
石灰Lime	9.3	—	2.73
生物炭Biochar	8.4	21.3	0.35
蚯蚓粪Vermicompost	7.4	20.8	1.07
磷矿粉Phosphate rock powder	9.5	—	1.5
活化磷矿粉	9.6	—	2.43
Activated phosphate rock powder
竹炭有机肥Bamboo organic fertilizer	6.6	16.3	1.19
腐殖酸肥Humic acid fertilizer	9.5	—	1.08
零价铁Zero-valent iron	9.3	—	—

钝化剂 Passivator	pH	OM/%	Cd/(mg· kg^-1)
石灰Lime	9.3	—	2.73
生物炭Biochar	8.4	21.3	0.35
蚯蚓粪Vermicompost	7.4	20.8	1.07
磷矿粉Phosphate rock powder	9.5	—	1.5
活化磷矿粉	9.6	—	2.43
Activated phosphate rock powder
竹炭有机肥Bamboo organic fertilizer	6.6	16.3	1.19
腐殖酸肥Humic acid fertilizer	9.5	—	1.08
零价铁Zero-valent iron	9.3	—	—

处理 Treatment	辣椒Pepper		水稻Rice
处理 Treatment	镉含量 Cd content/(mg·kg^-1)	降镉率 Cd reduction rate/%	镉含量 Cd content/(mg·kg^-1)	降镉率 Cd reduction rate/%
T₁	0.352 ± 0.014 a	—	0.837 ± 0.041 a	—
T₂	0.135 ± 0.011 b	61.6	0.424 ± 0.023 b	49.4
T₃	0.122 ± 0.010 bc	65.3	0.280 ± 0.014 c	66.6
T₄	0.112 ±0.010 c	68.2	0.267 ± 0.018 c	68.1
T₅	0.055 ± 0.008 d	84.4	0.247 ± 0.016 c	70.5
T₆	0.036 ± 0.006 d	89.8	0.097 ± 0.008 d	88.5
T₇	0.030 ± 0.004 d	91.5	0.072 ± 0.006 d	91.3

Effects of different safe utilization technologies on cadmium reduction in rice-vegetable rotation system in northern Hainan, China

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处理 Treatment	土壤Soil					水稻Rice
处理 Treatment	pH	CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	OM/ (g·kg^-1)	Cd/ (mg·kg^-1)	ACd/ (mg·kg^-1)	Cd/ (mg·kg^-1)	BCF	降镉率 Cd reduction rate/%
S₁	5.5 d	5.96 c	18.8 b	0.353 a	0.081 1 a	0.539 a	1.527 a	—
S₂	6.9 a	6.29 b	19.4 b	0.342 a	0.012 4 d	0.332 b	0.971 b	38.3
S₃	6.0 c	6.69 b	26.7 a	0.338 a	0.079 9 b	0.189 c	0.559 c	64.9
S₄	6.6 bc	7.73 a	20.7 ab	0.364 a	0.064 0 b	0.349 b	0.959 b	35.2
S₅	6.5 bc	8.81 a	17.3 b	0.319 a	0.069 8 b	0.208 c	0.652 c	61.4
S₆	6.3 bc	7.34 a	19.5 ab	0.369 a	0.059 0 c	0.368 b	0.997 b	31.7
S₇	6.7 b	6.60 b	19.3 ab	0.350 a	0.059 8 c	0.379 b	1.083 b	29.7
S₈	6.8 a	7.45 a	20.1 ab	0.333 a	0.045 5 c	0.171 d	0.514 d	68.3
S₉	6.5 bc	6.22 b	19.9 ab	0.357 a	0.045 0 c	0.159 d	0.445 d	70.4
S₁₀	6.7 a	8.23 a	20.9 ab	0.336 a	0.031 9 c	0.124 d	0.369 d	77.0

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