Effects of irrigation methods on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.09.02

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 1826-1836.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.09.02

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of irrigation methods on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, China

MENG Fanhao(), YANG Hengshan, ZHANG Ruifu, ZHANG Yuqin, LI Weimin, ZHANG Yushan, ZHANG Mingwei

Engineering Research Center of Forage Crops of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028043, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2021-08-26 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-09-30

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to scientifically choose the suitable irrigation method for spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, experiments were carried out in Tongliao City, Chifeng City and Xing’an League from 2018 to 2020. Three irrigation methods, namely, shallow buried drip irrigation (SBDI), mulched drip irrigation (MDI) and traditional border irrigation (TBI) were introduced, and the effects of these irrigation methods on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize were explored. It was shown that the dry matter accumulation of spring maize under SBDI in Tongliao City and Chifeng City after silking was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that under TBI. The dry matter translocation rate and its contribution rate of stem of spring maize under SBDI were 9.31%, 15.25% and 13.45%, 29.07% higher than those under MDI and TBI, respectively, and the dry matter translocation rate and its contribution rate of leaf were increased by 15.17%, 32.38% and 6.93%, 47.82%, respectively. Under all the three irrigation methods, the dry matter accumulation of spring maize either before silking or after silking was significantly (P<0.05) positively correlated with the yield. Overall, the yield of spring maize under SBDI was 3.43% and 7.43% higher than that under MDI and TBI, and the yield under MDI was 3.87% higher than that under TBI. The irrigation water use efficiency under SBDI and MDI was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that under TBI, and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer under SBDI was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that under TBI except the experiment in Xing’an League in 2018. Given the yield, efficient utilization of water and nitrogen, SBDI was the suitable irrigation method in the Xiliaohe Plain and the quasi-ecological area.

Key words: Xiliaohe Plain, irrigation method, spring maize, dry matter, water and nitrogen utilization efficiency

CLC Number:

S275
S513

MENG Fanhao, YANG Hengshan, ZHANG Ruifu, ZHANG Yuqin, LI Weimin, ZHANG Yushan, ZHANG Mingwei. Effects of irrigation methods on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(9): 1826-1836.

Figures/Tables 7

References 27

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年份 Year	降雨量Rainfall/mm			积温Accumulated temperature/℃
年份 Year	通辽市 Tongliao City	赤峰市 Chifeng City	兴安盟 Xing’an League	通辽市 Tongliao City	赤峰市 Chifeng City	兴安盟 Xing’an League
2018	384.9	337.6	414.2	3 200	3 100	2 850
2019	395.6	324.1	410.5	3 230	3 200	2 790
2020	409.8	383.6	424.2	3 320	3 300	2 860

年份 Year	降雨量Rainfall/mm			积温Accumulated temperature/℃
年份 Year	通辽市 Tongliao City	赤峰市 Chifeng City	兴安盟 Xing’an League	通辽市 Tongliao City	赤峰市 Chifeng City	兴安盟 Xing’an League
2018	384.9	337.6	414.2	3 200	3 100	2 850
2019	395.6	324.1	410.5	3 230	3 200	2 790
2020	409.8	383.6	424.2	3 320	3 300	2 860

地点 Area	全氮 Total nitrogen/ (g·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available phosphorus/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效氮 Available nitrogen/ (mg·kg^-1)
通辽市Tongliao City	0.77	12.85	18.57	111.85	51.87
赤峰市Chifeng City	0.61	12.48	15.20	98.70	57.81
兴安盟Xing’an League	1.25	33.10	7.48	47.30	53.50

地点 Area	全氮 Total nitrogen/ (g·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available phosphorus/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效氮 Available nitrogen/ (mg·kg^-1)
通辽市Tongliao City	0.77	12.85	18.57	111.85	51.87
赤峰市Chifeng City	0.61	12.48	15.20	98.70	57.81
兴安盟Xing’an League	1.25	33.10	7.48	47.30	53.50

地区 Area	年份 Year	处理 Treatment	转运量 Translocation amount/(kg·hm^-2)		转运率 Translocation rate/%		转运贡献率 Contribution rate of translocation/%
地区 Area	年份 Year	处理 Treatment	茎鞘Stem	叶片Blade	茎鞘Stem	叶片Blade	茎鞘Stem	叶片Blade
通辽市	2018	SBDI	1 298.25 a	819.14 a	20.62	24.22	15.23	9.61
Tongliao City		MDI	918.03 b	702.00 a	16.25	24.59	10.19	7.79
		TBI	1 164.02 ab	523.50 b	19.00	21.90	11.63	5.23
	2019	SBDI	1 488.04 a	771.75 a	21.58	22.03	13.30	6.90
		MDI	1 101.12 b	761.25 a	17.58	18.75	9.32	6.45
		TBI	1 036.50 b	738.00 b	17.29	20.03	8.50	6.05
	2020	SBDI	1 758.75 a	918.00 a	24.85	37.16	16.50	8.61
		MDI	1 559.25 b	807.75 ab	23.39	28.04	12.89	6.68
		TBI	1 661.25 ab	687.01 b	22.74	27.39	13.03	5.39
赤峰市	2018	SBDI	1 493.25 a	990.75 ab	20.32	36.28	15.15	10.05
Chifeng City		MDI	1 120.50 b	1 134.75 a	16.49	37.03	13.87	14.04
		TBI	1 269.04 b	658.51 b	17.13	22.14	12.93	6.71
	2019	SBDI	1 207.52 a	1 622.25 a	17.34	44.74	11.01	14.79
		MDI	1 194.03 a	1 151.25 b	17.52	32.37	13.92	13.42
		TBI	975.75 b	951.01 b	14.53	25.88	8.16	7.96
	2020	SBDI	1 501.51 a	1 581.75 a	20.38	44.37	13.40	14.12
		MDI	1 297.50 b	1 155.75 b	17.82	32.68	14.65	13.05
		TBI	1 151.25 b	796.53 c	15.58	25.25	10.47	7.24
兴安盟	2018	SBDI	1 160.10 a	754.20 a	19.67	23.89	10.61	6.90
Xing’an League		MDI	1 019.71 a	681.31 b	18.30	22.01	9.62	6.43
		TBI	1 014.30 a	694.80 b	18.06	21.39	9.33	6.39
	2019	SBDI	1 054.81 a	968.41 a	18.93	28.67	8.60	7.90
		MDI	1 089.94 a	960.34 a	20.58	27.18	7.85	6.91
		TBI	813.60 b	966.63 a	16.05	27.69	6.05	7.19
	2020	SBDI	1 066.53 a	872.15 a	17.19	26.32	9.16	7.49
		MDI	1 032.31 a	854.12 a	17.55	27.14	7.26	6.00
		TBI	912.65 a	771.37 a	16.57	25.64	7.42	6.27

Effects of irrigation methods on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, China

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地点 Area	年份 Year	处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Effective panicles/(10⁴ hm^-2)	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
通辽市	2018	SBDI	7.21 a	452.32 a	361.73 a	12.08 a
Tongliao City		MDI	7.15 a	448.28 a	350.28 b	11.93 ab
		TBI	7.08 a	469.83 a	344.84 b	11.58 b
	2019	SBDI	7.29 a	478.85 a	382.58 a	13.35 a
		MDI	7.19 a	479.27 a	376.15 b	13.19 a
		TBI	6.99 a	470.97 a	379.77 b	12.86 b
	2020	SBDI	7.25 a	457.49 a	364.19 a	12.54 a
		MDI	7.21 a	448.28 a	352.17 b	11.56 b
		TBI	7.02 a	445.40 a	348.77 b	10.94 c
赤峰市	2018	SBDI	7.23 a	469.28 a	368.28 a	12.37 a
Chifeng City		MDI	7.26 a	453.81 ab	361.93 ab	11.75 b
		TBI	7.12 a	448.09 b	350.84 b	11.53 b
	2019	SBDI	7.28 a	485.10 a	371.74 a	13.17 a
		MDI	7.31 a	479.40 ab	364.95 a	12.85 ab
		TBI	7.05 a	478.02 b	353.84 b	12.22 b
	2020	SBDI	7.25 a	477.82 a	389.27 a	13.53 a
		MDI	7.29 a	469.78 ab	378.58 ab	13.09 ab
		TBI	7.01 a	458.48 b	371.81 b	12.26 b
兴安盟	2018	SBDI	7.19 a	432.44 a	331.66 a	10.28 a
Xing’an League		MDI	7.12 a	425.38 ab	328.68 ab	10.03 a
		TBI	7.08 a	412.34 b	326.84 b	9.58 b
	2019	SBDI	7.17 a	429.17 a	331.39 a	10.34 a
		MDI	7.09 a	428.28 ab	328.52 ab	9.99 ab
		TBI	7.03 a	414.27 b	325.77 b	9.83 b
	2020	SBDI	7.21 a	447.88 a	344.19 a	11.15 a
		MDI	7.15 a	430.27 ab	352.65 a	10.81 ab
		TBI	6.95 a	429.30 b	328.77 b	10.50 b

地点 Area	年份 Year	处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Effective panicles/(10⁴ hm^-2)	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
通辽市	2018	SBDI	7.21 a	452.32 a	361.73 a	12.08 a
Tongliao City		MDI	7.15 a	448.28 a	350.28 b	11.93 ab
		TBI	7.08 a	469.83 a	344.84 b	11.58 b
	2019	SBDI	7.29 a	478.85 a	382.58 a	13.35 a
		MDI	7.19 a	479.27 a	376.15 b	13.19 a
		TBI	6.99 a	470.97 a	379.77 b	12.86 b
	2020	SBDI	7.25 a	457.49 a	364.19 a	12.54 a
		MDI	7.21 a	448.28 a	352.17 b	11.56 b
		TBI	7.02 a	445.40 a	348.77 b	10.94 c
赤峰市	2018	SBDI	7.23 a	469.28 a	368.28 a	12.37 a
Chifeng City		MDI	7.26 a	453.81 ab	361.93 ab	11.75 b
		TBI	7.12 a	448.09 b	350.84 b	11.53 b
	2019	SBDI	7.28 a	485.10 a	371.74 a	13.17 a
		MDI	7.31 a	479.40 ab	364.95 a	12.85 ab
		TBI	7.05 a	478.02 b	353.84 b	12.22 b
	2020	SBDI	7.25 a	477.82 a	389.27 a	13.53 a
		MDI	7.29 a	469.78 ab	378.58 ab	13.09 ab
		TBI	7.01 a	458.48 b	371.81 b	12.26 b
兴安盟	2018	SBDI	7.19 a	432.44 a	331.66 a	10.28 a
Xing’an League		MDI	7.12 a	425.38 ab	328.68 ab	10.03 a
		TBI	7.08 a	412.34 b	326.84 b	9.58 b
	2019	SBDI	7.17 a	429.17 a	331.39 a	10.34 a
		MDI	7.09 a	428.28 ab	328.52 ab	9.99 ab
		TBI	7.03 a	414.27 b	325.77 b	9.83 b
	2020	SBDI	7.21 a	447.88 a	344.19 a	11.15 a
		MDI	7.15 a	430.27 ab	352.65 a	10.81 ab
		TBI	6.95 a	429.30 b	328.77 b	10.50 b