Effects of long-term organic and inorganic fertilizer application on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.09.01

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 1815-1825.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.09.01

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of long-term organic and inorganic fertilizer application on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice

YANG Shengling¹(), HUANG Xingcheng¹^,²^,^*(), LI Yu¹^,², LIU Yanling¹^,², ZHANG Yarong¹^,², ZHANG Yan¹, ZHANG Wen’an¹^,², JIANG Taiming²^,³^,^*()

1. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
2. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agriculture Environment(Guizhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guiyang 550006, China
3. Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China

Received:2021-03-01 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-09-30
Contact: HUANG Xingcheng,JIANG Taiming

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of different fertilization treatments on rice growth, dry matter accumulation, transport and yield were clarified, which provided reference for integrated nutrient management measures in rice. Relying on long-term trial for 25 years, through the field experiment method, 6 test processes including the no fertilizer control (CK), conventional fertilizer (NPK), 25% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer (1/4M + 3/4NP), 50% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer(1/2M + 1/2NP), 100% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer (M) and combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (MNPK) were set up,the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth, dry matter accumulation, transportation and yield of rice were studied.The results showed that the above ground dry weight was as follows: MNPK>1/4M + 3/4NP>1/2M +1/2NP>NPK>M>CK,in which MNPK, 1/4M + 3/4NP increased the yield by 12.42% and 2.04%.The contribution rate of the accumulation of dry matter after anthesis was 50.17%-65.40%,and the organic fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than CK and NPK treatment.At the mature stage of rice, the ratio of rice grains treated with organic fertilizer was higher than that treated with CK and NPK.Compared with CK or NPK, the application of organic and inorganic fertilizer significantly promoted rice tillering, increased relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) value and leaf area index, and optimized rice yield components and increased rice yield.There was significant or extremely significant positive correlation between agronomic traits and effective panicle number, and positive correlation with 1 000-grain weight and grain number per panicle. Under the condition of long-term application of organic fertilizer, 25% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer can promote rice growth and development, increase dry matter accumulation and transportation, which is the best fertilizer measure to increase rice yield in yellow loamy paddy soil area.

Key words: rice growth, organic and inorganic fertilization, dry matter, production

CLC Number:

S511

YANG Shengling, HUANG Xingcheng, LI Yu, LIU Yanling, ZHANG Yarong, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Wen’an, JIANG Taiming. Effects of long-term organic and inorganic fertilizer application on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(9): 1815-1825.

Figures/Tables 11

References 47

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处理 Treatment	化肥Chemical fertilizer			有机肥Organic fertilizer			总量Total nutrient input
处理 Treatment	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NPK	165.0	82.5	82.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	165.0	82.5	82.5
1/4M+3/4NP	123.8	62.7	0	41.2	19.8	91.7	165.0	82.5	91.7
1/2M+1/2NP	82.5	42.8	0	82.5	39.7	183.3	165.0	82.5	183.3
M	0	0	0	165.0	79.4	366.7	165.0	79.4	366.7
MNPK	165.0	82.5	82.5	165.0	79.4	366.7	330.0	161.9	449.2

处理 Treatment	化肥Chemical fertilizer			有机肥Organic fertilizer			总量Total nutrient input
处理 Treatment	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NPK	165.0	82.5	82.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	165.0	82.5	82.5
1/4M+3/4NP	123.8	62.7	0	41.2	19.8	91.7	165.0	82.5	91.7
1/2M+1/2NP	82.5	42.8	0	82.5	39.7	183.3	165.0	82.5	183.3
M	0	0	0	165.0	79.4	366.7	165.0	79.4	366.7
MNPK	165.0	82.5	82.5	165.0	79.4	366.7	330.0	161.9	449.2

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkali hydrolyzed N/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	7.02 a	39.70 b	8.33 d	116.67 d	250.00 d
NPK	6.74 ab	48.18 ab	15.43 c	122.00 d	264.33 d
1/4M+3/4NP	6.74 ab	53.15 a	20.57 b	168.67 bc	357.33 b
1/2M+1/2NP	6.53 b	48.57 ab	16.93 c	153.33 c	296.67 c
M	6.42 b	57.24 a	16.83 c	188.67 ab	335.00 b
MNPK	6.70 ab	59.31 a	32.40 a	193.33 a	386.33 a

处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 Organic matter/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkali hydrolyzed N/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	7.02 a	39.70 b	8.33 d	116.67 d	250.00 d
NPK	6.74 ab	48.18 ab	15.43 c	122.00 d	264.33 d
1/4M+3/4NP	6.74 ab	53.15 a	20.57 b	168.67 bc	357.33 b
1/2M+1/2NP	6.53 b	48.57 ab	16.93 c	153.33 c	296.67 c
M	6.42 b	57.24 a	16.83 c	188.67 ab	335.00 b
MNPK	6.70 ab	59.31 a	32.40 a	193.33 a	386.33 a

施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	积累量Accumulation amount/(kg·hm^-2)		积累率 Accumulation rate/%		转运量 Translocation amount/ (kg·hm^-2)	转运率 Translocation rate/%	对籽粒贡献率 Contribution to grain/%
施肥处理 Fertilization treatment	花前 Pre-anthesis	花后 Post-anthesis	花前 Pre-anthesis	花后 Post-anthesis	转运量 Translocation amount/ (kg·hm^-2)	转运率 Translocation rate/%	转运量 Translocation amount	花后积累量 Post-anthesis accumulation
CK	5 375.82 c	2 295.77 d	70.11 a	29.89 c	1 901.85 b	34.98 bc	46.13 ab	53.87 ab
NPK	10 278.77 b	4 261.73 c	69.90 ab	30.10 bc	4 321.66 ab	43.12 ab	49.83 a	50.17 b
1/4M+3/4NP	11 412.17 b	5 133.61 bc	68.99 abc	31.01 abc	3 912.70 ab	34.45 bc	42.83 ab	57.17 ab
1/2M+1/2NP	9 876.58 b	5 370.54 b	65.13 bc	34.87 ab	2 849.48 b	28.48 c	34.60 b	65.40 a
M	10 419.64 b	4 869.30 bc	65.74 bc	34.26 ab	3 911.21 ab	41.96 ab	44.65 ab	55.35 ab
MNPK	15 204.36 a	6 772.54 a	61.99 d	38.01 a	5 337.00 a	47.58 a	43.81 ab	56.19 ab

Effects of long-term organic and inorganic fertilizer application on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice

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处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Effective spike(10⁶hm^-2)	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g	穗粒数/粒 Grain number per spike	产量 Yield/(kg·hm^-2)
CK	1.41±0.07 e	91.17±3.76 a	27.38±1.02 b	128.21±6.09 ab	4 660±159 b
NPK	2.54±0.46 bc	92.16±3.41 a	29.3±0.37 a	126.56±13.79 ab	9 168±280 a
1/4M+3/4NP	2.90±0.10 ab	91.02±7.64 a	28.89±0.38 a	130.71±11.09 ab	9 355±2 091 a
1/2M+1/2NP	2.37±0.18 cd	95.60±0.81 a	28.48±1.39 ab	122.33±10.15 b	8 846±1 755 a
M	2.12±0.08 d	94.25±2.04 a	28.93±0.22 a	144.88±11.4 ab	8 656±320 a
MNPK	3.01±0.18 a	89.30±2.41 a	28.32±0.25 ab	147.08±2.93 a	10 307±1 299 a

指标 Index	有效穗数 Effective spike	结实率 Seed setting rate	千粒重 1 000-grain weight	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	茎蘖数 Tiller number	干物质积累 Dry matter accumulation	SPAD	叶面积指数 Leaf area index
结实率Seed setting rate	-0.278
千粒重1 000-grain weight	0.608	0.240
穗粒数Grain number per spike	0.289	-0.435	0.081
茎蘖数Tiller number	0.980^**	-0.221	0.563	0.386
干物质积累	0.939^**	-0.117	0.624	0.483	0.979^**
Dry matter accumulation
SPAD	0.933^**	-0.292	0.478	0.507	0.980^**	0.963^**
叶面积指数Leaf area index	0.918^**	-0.442	0.319	0.535	0.950^**	0.915^*	0.968^**
产量Yield	0.937^**	-0.030	0.744	0.366	0.962^**	0.979^**	0.932^**	0.844^*

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