Characteristics of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in rhizosphere of tobacco affected by bacterial wilt in Guizhou Province, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.01.16

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 146-155.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.01.16

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristics of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in rhizosphere of tobacco affected by bacterial wilt in Guizhou Province, China

YANG Shengzhu¹(), LI Xiang¹, LI Chaowen¹^,², CHEN Hainian¹, LIU Li¹^,²^,^*(), LU Yingang¹^,²^,³, CAO Zhuoyang⁴

1. College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. Institute of New Fertilizer Resources and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. Guizhou Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang 550025, China
4. Shanghai Environmental Protection Information Center, Shanghai 200235, China

Received:2021-09-21 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-02-21

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the occurrence regularity of tobacco bacterial wilt and provide theoretical basis for disease prevention in the respect of soil fertility and enzyme activity, the difference of rhizosphere nutrients and enzyme activities between healthy tobacco and diseased tobacco which suffered from bacterial wilt in Guizhou Province and the effects of climate on this difference were studied with multi-site randomized complete block design in three climate zones named mountain-hill areas of southeastern Guizhou (mid-subtropical monsoon humid climate), the hilly basin of central Guizhou (northern subtropical monsoon humid climate) and the plateau mountainous area of northwestern Guizhou (subtropical monsoon humid climate). The results showed that compared with the healthy, rhizosphere soil pH, available phosphorus and urease activity of the diseased were significantly reduced by 4.66%, 25.98% and 21.92%, respectively; while organic matter, CEC, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium and catalase activities were significantly higher, respectively, and the rising trend was more obvious in the humid subtropical monsoon climate at high altitude. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the correlation between tested indexes of the healthy was more and stronger than the diseased. Factor analysis made the conclusion more clear that the lower the pH, urease and phosphatase activity and the higher CEC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus available potassium and catalase activities, tobacco might be more susceptible to bacterial wilt. The stepwise discriminant analysis indicated that the discrimination model whose discriminant accuracy was 100% was constructed by soil pH, CEC, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium, which could predict the susceptibility of tobacco plants to bacterial wilt in unknown soil. In conclusion, tobacco rhizosphere soil CEC, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium were higher and soil pH was lower, which might be more susceptible to tobacco wilt disease. Regulation of rhizosphere nutrients balance will play an important role in improving soil suppressive ability to bacterial wilt and constructing disease-resistant soil.

Key words: tobacco, bacterial wilt, soil nutrients, soil enzyme, climate

CLC Number:

S572

YANG Shengzhu, LI Xiang, LI Chaowen, CHEN Hainian, LIU Li, LU Yingang, CAO Zhuoyang. Characteristics of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in rhizosphere of tobacco affected by bacterial wilt in Guizhou Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(1): 146-155.

Figures/Tables 9

References 29

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养分 Nutrients	处理Treatments		P	植烟土壤适宜养分含量 Suitable nutrient content of tobacco planting soil
养分 Nutrients	H	D	P
OM/(g·kg^-1)	25.06±2.13	31.73±2.95	**	15~30^[18]
CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	16.40±1.11	18.48±1.24	**	10~20^[19]
TN/(g·kg^-1)	1.21±0.10	1.63±0.10	**	1.0~2.0^[19]
AN/(mg·kg^-1)	103.20±5.53	138.85±12.06	**	60~120^[18]
TP/(g·kg^-1)	0.90±0.06	1.07±0.08	*	0.4~1.0^[19]
TK/(g·kg^-1)	14.49±1.47	15.65±1.61	**	10.0~25.0^[19]
AK/(mg·kg^-1)	274.86±26.30	399.10±26.67	**	150~220^[18]
AP/(mg·kg^-1)	18.28±3.27	13.53±1.94	**	10~20^[18]
pH	6.01±0.27	5.73±0.24	*	5.5~7.0^[18]

养分 Nutrients	处理Treatments		P	植烟土壤适宜养分含量 Suitable nutrient content of tobacco planting soil
养分 Nutrients	H	D	P
OM/(g·kg^-1)	25.06±2.13	31.73±2.95	**	15~30^[18]
CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	16.40±1.11	18.48±1.24	**	10~20^[19]
TN/(g·kg^-1)	1.21±0.10	1.63±0.10	**	1.0~2.0^[19]
AN/(mg·kg^-1)	103.20±5.53	138.85±12.06	**	60~120^[18]
TP/(g·kg^-1)	0.90±0.06	1.07±0.08	*	0.4~1.0^[19]
TK/(g·kg^-1)	14.49±1.47	15.65±1.61	**	10.0~25.0^[19]
AK/(mg·kg^-1)	274.86±26.30	399.10±26.67	**	150~220^[18]
AP/(mg·kg^-1)	18.28±3.27	13.53±1.94	**	10~20^[18]
pH	6.01±0.27	5.73±0.24	*	5.5~7.0^[18]

处理Treatment		CAT/(mL·g^-1·20 min^-1)	Ure/(mg·g^-1·24 h^-1)	Pho/(mg·g^-1·24 h^-1)
TZ	H	1.59±0.17 b	0.38±0.05 c	3.02±0.56 bc
	D	1.51±0.15 b	0.45±0.02 c	2.86±0.50 bc
KY	H	2.03±0.17 a	1.18±0.14 a	1.51±0.27 c
	D	2.18±0.15 a	0.68±0.14 b	2.46±0.56 c
WN	H	1.25±0.16 c	0.62±0.05 b	5.90±0.84 a
	D	1.68±0.14 b	0.59±0.04 b	4.22±1.20 b
H		1.62±0.12 b	0.73±0.35 a	3.47 a
D		1.79±0.11 a	0.57±0.12 b	3.18 a

处理Treatment		CAT/(mL·g^-1·20 min^-1)	Ure/(mg·g^-1·24 h^-1)	Pho/(mg·g^-1·24 h^-1)
TZ	H	1.59±0.17 b	0.38±0.05 c	3.02±0.56 bc
	D	1.51±0.15 b	0.45±0.02 c	2.86±0.50 bc
KY	H	2.03±0.17 a	1.18±0.14 a	1.51±0.27 c
	D	2.18±0.15 a	0.68±0.14 b	2.46±0.56 c
WN	H	1.25±0.16 c	0.62±0.05 b	5.90±0.84 a
	D	1.68±0.14 b	0.59±0.04 b	4.22±1.20 b
H		1.62±0.12 b	0.73±0.35 a	3.47 a
D		1.79±0.11 a	0.57±0.12 b	3.18 a

指标Index	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3	Factor 4
CEC	0.98	0.01	0.03	-0.08
AP	-0.78	0.49	0.06	0.03
Alt	0.72	-0.56	0.29	-0.06
pH	0.71	0.45	-0.43	0.25
Ure	0.67	0.40	-0.56	0.10
TP	0.58	-0.13	0.20	-0.10
OM	-0.02	-0.79	0.43	0.29
TK	0.08	0.75	-0.40	-0.01
TN	-0.35	0.75	0.19	0.30
Pho	0.17	-0.74	0.45	0.05
AK	-0.18	0.14	-0.84	-0.19
CAT	0.03	0.30	-0.79	0.26
AN	-0.08	-0.03	-0.03	0.96
特征值Eigenvalues	4.82	3.63	1.29	1.00
方差贡献	3.58	3.33	2.53	1.29
Variance contribution
累积贡献率	27.53	53.17	72.65	82.60
Cumulative contribution/%

Characteristics of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in rhizosphere of tobacco affected by bacterial wilt in Guizhou Province, China

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指标Index	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3	Factor 4
TP	0.85	-0.04	0.16	0.11
Alt	0.82	0.08	-0.46	0.23
TN	-0.76	0.17	-0.09	0.07
AP	-0.75	0.13	0.35	-0.28
CEC	0.70	-0.63	-0.25	0.07
Ure	0.31	-0.82	-0.21	-0.04
TK	-0.32	-0.72	0.31	-0.16
pH	0.37	-0.71	0.05	0.35
OM	0.46	0.70	-0.33	0.19
CAT	0.20	-0.70	0.15	-0.02
Pho	0.00	0.20	-0.87	-0.13
AN	0.08	0.09	0.27	0.89
AK	-0.16	0.05	0.53	-0.72
特征值Eigenvalues	4.60	3.21	1.37	1.12
方差贡献	3.64	3.17	1.82	1.67
Variance contribution
累积贡献率	28.00	52.37	66.39	79.21
Cumulative contribution/%

因素Factors		发生类别Category
判别因子变量 Discriminant variable (X)	X对应的土壤指标 X corresponding soil index	健康Y₁ Healthy Y₁	患病Y₂ Diseased Y₂
X₀	-	-39.387	-69.265
X₁	pH	0.328	-5.270
X₃	CEC	1.725	3.233
X₄	TN	16.995	25.353
X₅	AN	0.128	0.227
X₉	AK	0.054	0.091

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