Antiviral effects of gypenoside against bovine viral diarrhea virus in vitro

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231161

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 2687-2695.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231161

• Animal Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Antiviral effects of gypenoside against bovine viral diarrhea virus in vitro

CAI Dongjie¹(), SHEN Zifan¹, ZUO Zhicai¹^,^*(), TIAN Bin², YE Gang¹, LI Weiqiang¹, BU Qinglong³

1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2. Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
3. School of Pet Technology, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China

Received:2023-09-28 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-12-27

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of gypenoside on bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), the in vitro cell culture technique combined with cytopathic effect (CPE) observation and CCK-8 assay was employed. The safe concentrations of gypenoside and α-glycerol monolaurate were determined. Three different treatment protocols were used:pre-treatment with compound followed by viral infection, post-treatment with compound after viral infection, and pre-incubation of compound and virus prior to infection. Western blot and quantitative PCR were conducted to evaluate the changes of expression levels of BVDV E2 protein gene and 5'-UTR, to explore the inhibitory effect in vitro. The results showed that the cell viability at the concentration of 16 μmol·L^-1 for gypenoside and 25 μg·mL^-1 for α-glycerol monolaurate was not significantly different from the control group (P>0.05), indicating that these concentrations were the maximum safe concentrations of the two compounds. Compared to the control group, gypenoside exhibited significant (P<0.01) inhibition on the expression levels of BVDV E2 protein gene and 5'-UTR, and its direct virucidal effect was superior to the α-glycerol monolaurate. Gypenoside also showed significant (P<0.05) adsorption inhibition against BVDV, while no significant difference was found in replication inhibition when compared to the virus control group.

Key words: bovine viral diarrhea virus, gypenoside, antivirus

CLC Number:

S853.74

CAI Dongjie, SHEN Zifan, ZUO Zhicai, TIAN Bin, YE Gang, LI Weiqiang, BU Qinglong. Antiviral effects of gypenoside against bovine viral diarrhea virus in vitro[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2687-2695.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Indirect immunofluorescence results of BVDV QL1903 strain

Fig.2 Results of drug-induced cytopathic effect in MDBK cells

Fig.3 Effect of gypenoside and α-glycerol monolaurate on MDBK cell viability The concentration in blank control is 0. Bars marked with “*” or “**” indicate significant difference with the blank control at P<0.05 or P<0.01 level, respectively.

Fig.4 Effects of gypenoside combined with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) on cell viability Control, Blank control; BVDV, Virus group; L+BVDV, 4 μmol·L-1 gypenoside+BVDV; M+BVDV, 8 μmol·L-1 gypenoside+BVDV; H+BVDV,16 μmol·L-1 gypenoside+BVDV.

Fig.5 Inactivation of gypenoside on bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) Control, Blank control without BVDV; BVDV, Virus group (with BVDV); DMSO, Solvent control group (with BVDV); Y, Positive drug group (α-glycerol monolaurate with BVDV); Z, Direct killing group (gypenoside+BVDV). “**” indicates significant difference at P<0.01.The same as below.

Fig.6 Effect of gypenoside on replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) F, Replication inhibition group (gypenoside+BVDV). The same as below.

Fig.7 Effect of gypenoside on adsorption of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) X, Adsorption inhibition group (gypenoside+BVDV). The same as below.

Fig.8 Effects of action modes of gypenoside on E2 protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) A, Result of Western blot; B, Effect of treatments on relative expression level of BVDV E2 protein.

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Antiviral effects of gypenoside against bovine viral diarrhea virus in vitro

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