Effect of extrusion treatment on chemical composition and aroma of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heat-not-burn cigarettes

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231177

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 2803-2811.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231177

• Food Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effect of extrusion treatment on chemical composition and aroma of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heat-not-burn cigarettes

LU Xinbo¹(), YUAN Ying², WANG Jun¹, WANG Huawen¹, XIA Jun¹, WU Dan², TIAN Jinhu², YE Xingqian², YIN Jie¹, JIANG Jian¹^,^*()

1. Technology Center of Zhejiang China Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310024, China
2. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received:2023-10-08 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-12-27

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of different extrusion treatments on the chemical composition and main aroma components of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heat-not-burn cigarettes, flue-cured tobacco leaves were selected as raw materials, and the chemical components as well as the main aroma components under different extrusion treatments were analyzed via continuous flow analysis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy (GC-IMS), etc. Results indicated that the contents of water-soluble sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and other conventional chemical components were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the extrusion treatments. Compared with the leaves before treatment [(109.25±0.93) mg·g^-1], the total phenolic content of flue-cured tobacco leaves after extrusion treatment at 140 ℃ [(116.30±1.24) mg·g^-1] was significantly increased. Differences in the content of flavor substances were observed between the flue-cured tobacco leaves before and after the extrusion treatments. The relative content of ethyl phenylacetate and 2-furfural in the extrusion treatment group at 140 ℃ and 160 ℃ increased, while the content of isobutyric acid, isoamyl alcohol decreased, which enhanced the caramel flavor in flue-cured tobacco and thus played the role of plumping smoke flavor.

Key words: extrusion, flue-cured tobacco, heat-not-burn cigarettes, chemical composition

CLC Number:

TS411

LU Xinbo, YUAN Ying, WANG Jun, WANG Huawen, XIA Jun, WU Dan, TIAN Jinhu, YE Xingqian, YIN Jie, JIANG Jian. Effect of extrusion treatment on chemical composition and aroma of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heat-not-burn cigarettes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2803-2811.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1 Parameter settings of extrusion processing for treatments

处理 Treatment	温度Temperature/℃						模头压力 Die pressure/ MPa	模头转速 Die speed/ (r·min^-1)
处理 Treatment	料筒1区 Barrel zone 1	料筒2区 Barrel zone 2	料筒3区 Barrel zone 3	料筒4区 Barrel zone 4	过渡1区 Transition Zone 1	模头1区 Diezone 1	模头压力 Die pressure/ MPa	模头转速 Die speed/ (r·min^-1)
P80	60	60	70	70	80	80	1.3	80
P100	80	80	90	90	100	100	1.2	80
P120	100	100	110	110	120	120	0.6	80
P140	120	120	130	130	140	140	0.4	80
P160	80	80	100	120	160	160	0.6	80

Table 2 Effects of treatments on contents of conventional chemical components in flue-cured tobacco

处理 Treatment	水溶性糖含量 Water-soluble sugar content/%	总植物碱含量 Total plant alkaloids content/%	还原糖含量 Reducing sugar content/%	氯含量 Chlorine content/%	钾含量 Potassium content/%	总氮含量 Total nitrogen content/%	水溶性糖与总植物碱的比值 Ratio of water- soluble sugar to total plant alkaloids	还原糖与水溶性糖的比值 Ratio of reducing sugar to water- soluble sugar	总氮与总植物碱的比值 Ratio of total nitrogen to total plant alkaloids
CK	25.48± 0.19 a	2.48± 0.01 c	23.05± 0.03 a	0.44± 0.01 a	1.55± 0.02 a	1.89± 0.01 b	9.30± 0.01 a	0.90± 0.01 a	0.76± 0.01 d
P80	22.65± 0.04 d	2.47± 0.01 c	19.84± 0.03 d	0.43± 0.01 a	1.56± 0.01 a	2.01± 0.01 a	8.04± 0.01 d	0.88± 0.01 b	0.81± 0.01 ab
P100	23.15± 0.03 c	2.48± 0.01 c	20.46± 0.06 c	0.44± 0.01 a	1.56± 0.01 a	2.04± 0.01 a	8.26± 0.05 c	0.88± 0.01 b	0.83± 0.01 a
P120	23.74± 0.13 b	2.51± 0.02 b	21.00± 0.02 b	0.43± 0.01 a	1.56± 0.01 a	2.01± 0.02 a	8.38± 0.04 b	0.88± 0.01 b	0.80± 0.01 bc
P140	18.03± 0.03 f	2.55± 0.01 a	15.33± 0.05 f	0.44± 0.01 a	1.58± 0.01 a	2.03± 0.01 a	6.01± 0.03 f	0.85± 0.01 d	0.79± 0.01 c
P160	21.17± 0.12 e	2.48± 0.02 c	18.30± 0.24 e	0.44± 0.01 a	1.56± 0.02 a	2.02± 0.01 a	7.38± 0.04 e	0.86± 0.01 c	0.81± 0.01 ab

Fig.1 Contents of petroleum ether extract and volatile bases in flue-cured tobacco under treatments Bars marked without the same letters indicate signfiicant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.

Table 3 Effects of treatments on total phenols and phenolic substances in flue-cured tobacco mg·g-1

处理 Treatment	总酚含量 Total phenols content	新绿原酸含量 Neochlorogenic acid content	绿原酸含量 Chlorogenic acid content	隐绿原酸含量 Cryptochlorogenic acid content	莨菪亭含量 Scopoletin content	芸香苷含量 Rutin content
CK	109.25±0.93 b	6.34±0.01 a	16.93±0.10 a	9.64±0.04 a	0.48±0.01 a	4.62±0.02 a
P80	104.70±6.18 b	6.19±0.01 e	16.42±0.01 d	9.48±0.02 c	0.47±0.01 ab	3.94±0.02 d
P100	105.64±1.35 b	6.26±0.01 c	16.59±0.02 c	9.56±0.03 b	0.48±0.01 a	4.03±0.02 b
P120	105.19±1.49 b	6.22±0.01 d	16.59±0.01 c	9.48±0.03 c	0.47±0.01 ab	3.99±0.01 c
P140	116.30±1.24 a	6.33±0.01 ab	16.14±0.01 e	9.63±0.03 a	0.46±0.01 b	3.02±0.02 f
P160	107.28±2.82 b	6.32±0.01 b	16.71±0.01 b	9.62±0.03 a	0.47±0.01 ab	3.74±0.02 e

Fig.2 Differential spectrum of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry GC-IMS (a) and fingerprints (b) under treatments 1, Ethyl 2-phenylacetate; 2, 2-Methylpropanoic (D); 3, 2-Methylpropanoic (M); 4, 2-Hydroxybenzal dehyde; 5, 1-Butanoic acid (M); 6, 1-Butanoic acid (D); 7, γ-Butyrolactone (D); 8, γ-Butyrolactone (M); 9, (E)-2-deceal; 10, Unknown-1; 11, Unknown-2; 12, Unknown-3; 13, Propanediol (D); 14, Propanediol (M); 15, 2-Furaldehyde; 16, (E, E)-2, 4-Heptadienal (D); 17, (E, E)-2, 4-Heptadienal (M); 18, 2, 4-Heptadienal (M); 19, 2, 4-Heptadienal (D); 20, Unknown-4; 21, Unknown-5; 22, Unknown-6; 23, Unknown-7; 24, Benzaldehyde (M); 25, Benzaldehyde (D); 26, 2-Acetylfuran (D); 27, 2-Acetylfuran (M); 28, Unknown-8; 29, 2-Furanmethanethiol (D); 30, 2-Furanmethanethiol (M); 31, Unknown-9; 32, Unknown-10; 33, Unknown-11; 34, Unknown-12; 35, Dimethy trisulfide; 36, Unknown-13; 37, Unknown-14; 38, Methyl heptenone; 39, Unknown-15; 40, 2-Methyl-3-furanthiol; 41, Unknown-16; 42, Unknown-17; 43, 2,6-Dimethylpyridine (D); 44, 2,6-Dimethylpyridine (M); 45, 2-2-Pentyl furan; 46, Unknown-18; 47, Unknown-19; 48, Unknown-20; 49, (E)-2-Hexenal (D); 50, (E)-2-Hexenal (M); 51, Unknown-21; 52, Unknown-22; 53, Unknown-23; 54, 3-Methyl-2-butenal (D); 55, 3-Methyl-2-butenal (M); 56, 1-Butanol, 3-methyl (M); 57, 1-Butanol, 3-methyl (D); 58, Unknown-24; 59, Unknown-25; 60, Heptaldehyde (M); 61, Heptaldehyde (D); 62, Unknown-26; 63, Pyridine; 64, Unknown-27; 65, Unknown-28; 66, Unknown-29; 67, Unknown-30; 68, Unknown-31; 69, Cyclopentanone (M); 70, Cyclopentanone (D); 71, (E)-2-Pentenal (D); 72, (E)-2-Pentenal (M); 73, Unknown-32; 74, Unknown-33; 75, 2-Methylpropanol (M); 76, 2-Methylpropanol (D); 77, Unknown-34; 78, Unknown-35; 79, Unknown-36; 80, Dimethyl disulfide; 81, Unknown-37; 82, o-Cresol; 83, Unknown-38; 84, 1-Penten-3-one (D); 85, 1-Penten-3-one (M); 86, Unknown-39; 87, Unknown-40; 88, Unknown-41; 89, 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (M); 90, 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (D); 91, Unknown-42; 92, Unknown-43; 93, 2, 3-Butanedione; 94, Unknown-44; 95, Unknown-45; 96, Ethyl acetate; 97, 2-Ethyl furan; 98, Unknown-46; 99, Unknown-47; Ⅰ, Unknown-48; Ⅱ, Unknown-49; Ⅲ, Unknown-50; Ⅳ, 2-Methylpyrazine (M); Ⅴ, 2-Methylpyrazine (D); Ⅵ, Unknown-51; Ⅶ, Unknown-52; Ⅷ, 2-Methyl-2-propenal (D); Ⅸ, 2-Methyl-2-propenal (M); Ⅹ, Unknown-53; Ⅺ, Unknown-54.

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Effect of extrusion treatment on chemical composition and aroma of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heat-not-burn cigarettes

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