Tomato disease recognition scheme based on multi-scale and attention mechanism

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.07.19

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1329-1338.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.07.19

• Biosystems Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Tomato disease recognition scheme based on multi-scale and attention mechanism

ZHANG Ning¹^,²(), WU Huarui²^,³^,⁴^,^*(), HAN Xiao²^,³^,⁴, MIAO Yisheng²^,³^,⁴

1. College of Computer and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
2. National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
3. Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
4. Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China

Received:2020-09-25 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-06
Contact: WU Huarui

Abstract

Abstract:

The timely detection and management of tomato diseases can help increase the yield and quality of tomatoes and increase the economic benefits of farmers. The internet of things and artificial intelligence can effectively detect tomato diseases without damage. This paper proposed an improved AT-InceptionV3 (Attention-InceptionV3) neural network tomato leaf disease detection model. The network used InceptionV3 as the backbone network, combined with multi-scale convolution and attention mechanism CBAM (convolutional block attention module, CBAM) module, which enhanced disease information expression and suppressed irrelevant information interference. At the same time, transfer learning was introduced to prevent over-fitting when the sample data volume was small. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimization model, an experimental simulation test was conducted on the public tomato disease data set of Plant Village. The improved model had an accuracy of 98.4% in classification of five leaf images of healthy tomato leaves, bacterial spot disease, late blight, leaf mold and yellow leaf curl vircus in the test stage, and the optimization effect was significant. In order to further verify the universality of this method in different Internet of Things, experiments had compared the model’s classification effect on disease images with different resolutions. The results showed that partial loss of image resolution would not reduce the accuracy of disease classification. This model could be used for tomato greenhouse intelligence and provide an important basis for network decision-making and judgment.

Key words: tomato, multi-scale convolution, attention mechanism, transfer learning, disease recognition

CLC Number:

ZHANG Ning, WU Huarui, HAN Xiao, MIAO Yisheng. Tomato disease recognition scheme based on multi-scale and attention mechanism[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(7): 1329-1338.

Figures/Tables 11

References 21

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网络层数 Number of network layers	类型 Type	滤波器 Filter shape	输入尺寸 Input size
1	卷积层1 Convolutional layer 1	3×3	299×299×3
2	卷积层2 Convolutional layer 2	3×3	149×149×32
3	卷积层3 Convolutional layer 3	3×3	147×147×32
4	池化层1 Pooling layer 1	3×3	147×147×64
5	卷积层4 Convolutional layer 4	3×3	73×73×64
6	卷积层5 Convolutional layer 5	3×3	73×73×80
7	卷积层6 Convolutional layer 6	3×3	35×35×192
8	Inception1模块组 Inception1 module group	3个Inception1 3 Inception1	35×35×288
9	Inception2模块组 Inception2 module group	5个Inception2 5 Inception2	17×17×768
10	Inception3模块组 Inception3 module group	3个Inception3 3 Inception3	8×8×1 280
11	CBAM模块 CBAM module	7×7	8×8×2 048
12	全连接层 Fully connected layer	分类器 Classifier	1×2 048

网络层数 Number of network layers	类型 Type	滤波器 Filter shape	输入尺寸 Input size
1	卷积层1 Convolutional layer 1	3×3	299×299×3
2	卷积层2 Convolutional layer 2	3×3	149×149×32
3	卷积层3 Convolutional layer 3	3×3	147×147×32
4	池化层1 Pooling layer 1	3×3	147×147×64
5	卷积层4 Convolutional layer 4	3×3	73×73×64
6	卷积层5 Convolutional layer 5	3×3	73×73×80
7	卷积层6 Convolutional layer 6	3×3	35×35×192
8	Inception1模块组 Inception1 module group	3个Inception1 3 Inception1	35×35×288
9	Inception2模块组 Inception2 module group	5个Inception2 5 Inception2	17×17×768
10	Inception3模块组 Inception3 module group	3个Inception3 3 Inception3	8×8×1 280
11	CBAM模块 CBAM module	7×7	8×8×2 048
12	全连接层 Fully connected layer	分类器 Classifier	1×2 048

病害类型 Types of disease	InceptionV3从零训练 InceptionV3 training from zero		InceptionV3迁移学习 InceptionV3 transfer learning		AT-InceptionV3迁移学习 AT-InceptionV3 transfer learning
病害类型 Types of disease	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall
细菌性斑疹病Bacterial spot	58.88	56.60	96.30	93.90	93.75	97.40
健康叶Healthy leaf	87.50	74.50	100.0	97.60	100.0	96.38
晚疫病Late blight	61.30	64.50	95.00	98.70	98.75	98.75
叶霉病Leaf mold	62.50	67.60	96.30	96.30	98.75	98.75
黄曲病Yellow leaf curl virus	65.00	71.20	97.50	98.70	98.75	98.75

病害类型 Types of disease	InceptionV3从零训练 InceptionV3 training from zero		InceptionV3迁移学习 InceptionV3 transfer learning		AT-InceptionV3迁移学习 AT-InceptionV3 transfer learning
病害类型 Types of disease	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall	准确率 Accuracy	召回率 Recall
细菌性斑疹病Bacterial spot	58.88	56.60	96.30	93.90	93.75	97.40
健康叶Healthy leaf	87.50	74.50	100.0	97.60	100.0	96.38
晚疫病Late blight	61.30	64.50	95.00	98.70	98.75	98.75
叶霉病Leaf mold	62.50	67.60	96.30	96.30	98.75	98.75
黄曲病Yellow leaf curl virus	65.00	71.20	97.50	98.70	98.75	98.75

原标签 True lable		晚期病害Late disease				早期病害Early diease
原标签 True lable		图片 Images		预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree		图片 Images	预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree
番茄细菌性斑疹病 Tomato bacterial spot				番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.972 39) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.972 39) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.014 88) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.014 88) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.007 67) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.007 67) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.003 56) Tomato late blight (score=0.003 56) 番茄健康叶(score=0.001 49) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.001 49)			番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.941 05) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.941 05) 番茄健康叶(score=0.027 93) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.027 93) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.014 04) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.014 04) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.012 65) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.012 65) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.004 32) Tomato late blight (score=0.004 32)
番茄健康叶 Tomato healthy leaf				番茄健康叶(score=0.832 44) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.832 44) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.081 10) Tomato late blight (score=0.081 10) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.080 07) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.080 07) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.004 26) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.004 26) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.002 13) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.002 13)			番茄健康叶(score=0.918 93) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.918 93) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.070 37) Tomato late blight (score=0.070 37) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.006 04) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.006 04) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.003 07) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.003 07) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.001 60) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.001 60)
番茄晚疫病 Tomato late blight				番茄晚疫病(score=0.999 18) Tomato late blight (score=0.999 18) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.000 56) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.000 56) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.000 11) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.000 11) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 10) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.000 10) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.000 05) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.000 05)			番茄晚疫病(score=0.621 03) Tomato late blight (score=0.621 03) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.139 23) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.139 23) 番茄健康叶(score=0.130 01) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.130 01) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.089 71) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.089 71) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.020 02) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.020 02)
番茄叶霉病 Tomato leaf mold				番茄叶霉病(score=0.994 35) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.994 35) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.002 57) Tomato late blight (score=0.002 57) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.001 33) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.001 33) 番茄健康叶(score=0.001 05) Tomato healthy leaf (score=0.001 05) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.000 70) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.000 70)			番茄叶霉病(score=0.992 87) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.992 87) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.004 54) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.004 54) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.001 39) Tomato late blight (score=0.001 39) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.001 09) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.001 09) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 11) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.000 11)
原标签 True lable	晚期病害Late disease				早期病害Early diease
原标签 True lable	图片 Images		预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree		图片 Images		预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree
番茄黄曲病 Tomato yellow leaf curl virus			番茄黄曲病(score=0.993 05) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.993 05) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.003 78) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.003 78) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.001 20) Tomato late blight (score=0.001 20) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.001 20) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.001 20) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 77) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.000 77)				番茄黄曲病(score=0.975 95) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.975 95) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.008 98) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.008 98) 番茄健康叶(score=0.008 70) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.008 70) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.005 33) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.005 33) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.001 04) Tomato late blight (score=0.001 04)

Tomato disease recognition scheme based on multi-scale and attention mechanism

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模型 Model	迁移学习 Transfer learning	CBAM模块 CBAM module	准确率 Accuracy/%	运行时间 Training time/s
InceptionV3从零训练 InceptionV3 training from zero			67.8	93 000
InceptionV3迁移学习 InceptionV3 transfer learning	√		97.7	1 966
AT-InceptionV3迁移学习 AT-InceptionV3 transfer learning	√	√	98.4	2 031

图像分辨率 Images resolution	单个病害识别准确率Single disease recognition accuracy					平均准确率 Average accuracy
图像分辨率 Images resolution	细菌性斑疹病 Bacterial spot	健康叶 Healthy leaf	晚疫病 Late blight	叶霉病 Leaf mold	黄曲病 Yellow leaf curl virus	平均准确率 Average accuracy
256×256	93.75	100.00	98.75	98.75	98.75	98.00
240×240	99.00	97.00	99.00	97.00	100.00	98.40
224×224	99.00	97.00	98.00	98.00	100.00	98.40
128×128	99.00	100.00	98.00	99.00	100.00	99.20

原标签 True lable	分辨率 Resolution	预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree	预测标签与置信度 Predict label and confidence degree
番茄细菌性斑疹病 Tomato bacterial spot	256×256	番茄黄曲病(score=0.492 34) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.492 34) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.438 02) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.438 02) 番茄健康叶(score=0.030 68) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.030 68) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.030 27) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.030 27) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.008 68) Tomato late blight (score=0.008 68)	番茄晚疫病(score=0.513 22) Tomato late blight (score=0.513 22) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.393 29) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.393 29) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.086 98) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.086 98) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.005 80) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.005 80) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 70) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.000 70)
番茄细菌性斑疹病 Tomato bacterial spot	240×240	番茄黄曲病(score=0.649 63) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(score=0.649 63) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.288 60) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.288 60) 番茄健康叶(score=0.032 27) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.032 27) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.017 99) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.017 99) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.011 51) Tomato late blight (score=0.011 51)	番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.684 45) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.684 45) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.242 76) Tomato late bligh (score=0.242 76) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.067 28) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.067 28) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.004 97) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.004 97) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 53) Tomato healthy leaf (score=0.000 53)
番茄细菌性斑疹病 Tomato bacterial spot	224×224	番茄黄曲病(score=0.640 14) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.640 14) 番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.309 77) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.309 77) 番茄健康叶(score=0.023 06) Tomato healthy leaf(score=0.023 06) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.017 49) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.017 49) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.009 55) Tomato late blight (score=0.009 55)	番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.768 61) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.768 61) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.160 56) Tomato late blight (score=0.160 56) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.064 90) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.064 90) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.005 26) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.005 26) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 66) Tomato healthy leaf (score=0.000 66)
番茄细菌性斑疹病 Tomato Bacterial spot	128×128	番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.491 46) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.491 46) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.475 77) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.475 77) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.017 26) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.017 26) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.010 84) Tomato late blight (score=0.010 84) 番茄健康叶(score=0.004 68) Tomato healthy leaf (score=0.004 68)	番茄细菌性斑疹病(score=0.623 09) Tomato bacterial spot (score=0.623 09) 番茄晚疫病(score=0.270 19) Tomato late bligh (score=0.270 19) 番茄叶霉病(score=0.093 92) Tomato leaf mold (score=0.093 92) 番茄黄曲病(score=0.012 38) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (score=0.012 38) 番茄健康叶(score=0.000 43) Tomato healthy leaf (score=0.000 43)

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