Response of yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes to regulation of sowing date in northern Zhejiang, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221732

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2751-2762.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221732

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Response of yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes to regulation of sowing date in northern Zhejiang, China

ZHANG Hongmei(), WANG Baojun, SHEN Yaqiang, CHENG Wangda()

Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing 314016, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-12-06 Online:2023-12-25 Published:2023-12-27

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the response of yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes to the regulation of sowing date in northern Zhejiang and to provide basis for reasonable sowing date of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes in this region. From 2019 to 2020, field experiments were conducted and a two factor randomized block design was adopted. Long grain japonica rice Jiahexiang No.1 (L) and round grain japonica rice Zhehexiang No.2 (R) were set at 2 levels. The sowing dates were set at 5 levels: May 15 (S1), May 25 (S2), June 4 (S3), June 14 (S4), and June 24 (S5). A total of 10 treatments were used to study the effects of sowing date regulation on the yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes in northern Zhejiang. The results showed that the full sowing duration of L-type and R-type high-quality japonica rice was shortened with the delay of sowing date. In terms of actual yield, the yield of L-type high-quality japonica rice [(10.83±0.02) t·hm^-2] was basically stable under different sowing dates, and the difference was not significant. The trend of inter annual yield change of R-type high-quality japonica rice was different, the yield of R-S2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of R-S1 in 2019, the difference of yield under different treatments was not significant in 2020. Correlation network analysis showed that sowing date regulation had a greater impact on R type high-quality japonica rice. The sunshine duration, accumulated temperature and precipitation in rice growth period decreased significantly with the delay of sowing date. The effective panicle number and amylose content of L-type high-quality japonica rice significantly increased, the ratio of grain length to width and taste quality significantly decreased with the delay of sowing date. The effective panicle number, grain length and protein content of R type high-quality japonica rice significantly increased, and plant height and milled rice rate significantly decreased with the delay of sowing date. The comprehensive score of principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of long grain high-quality japonica rice was L-S4 (0.902)>L-S3 (0.045)>L-S5 (0.013)>L-S2 (-0.407)>L-S1 (-0.552), the comprehensive score of round grain high-quality japonica rice was R-S4 (0.485)>R-S5 (0.349)>R-S3 (0.323)>R-S2 (-0.216)>R-S1 (-0.941). In conclusion, around June 14 was the suitable sowing date of long grain and round grain high-quality japonica rice in northern Zhejiang.

Key words: rice, sowing date, grain shape, correlation network analysis, principal component analysis

CLC Number:

S511

ZHANG Hongmei, WANG Baojun, SHEN Yaqiang, CHENG Wangda. Response of yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes to regulation of sowing date in northern Zhejiang, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(12): 2751-2762.

Figures/Tables 11

References 23

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品种Variety	粒形Grain type	处理Treatment	播期Sowing date	移栽期Transplanting date
嘉禾香1号	长粒形(L)	L-S1	5月15日May 15th	6月11日June 11th
Jiahexiang No.1	Long-grained rice	L-S2	5月25日May 25th	6月21日June 21st
		L-S3	6月04日June 4th	7月01日July 1st
		L-S4	6月14日June 14th	7月11日July 11th
		L-S5	6月24日June 24th	7月21日July 21st
浙禾香2号	圆粒形(R)	R-S1	5月15日May 15th	6月11日June 11th
Zhehexiang No.2	Round-grained rice	R-S2	5月25日May 25th	6月21日June 21st
		R-S3	6月04日June 4th	7月01日July 1st
		R-S4	6月14日June 14th	7月11日July 11th
		R-S5	6月24日June 24th	7月21日July 21st

品种Variety	粒形Grain type	处理Treatment	播期Sowing date	移栽期Transplanting date
嘉禾香1号	长粒形(L)	L-S1	5月15日May 15th	6月11日June 11th
Jiahexiang No.1	Long-grained rice	L-S2	5月25日May 25th	6月21日June 21st
		L-S3	6月04日June 4th	7月01日July 1st
		L-S4	6月14日June 14th	7月11日July 11th
		L-S5	6月24日June 24th	7月21日July 21st
浙禾香2号	圆粒形(R)	R-S1	5月15日May 15th	6月11日June 11th
Zhehexiang No.2	Round-grained rice	R-S2	5月25日May 25th	6月21日June 21st
		R-S3	6月04日June 4th	7月01日July 1st
		R-S4	6月14日June 14th	7月11日July 11th
		R-S5	6月24日June 24th	7月21日July 21st

处理 Treatment	齐穗期Date of rice full heading		播齐历期Period of sowing to full heading/d
处理 Treatment	2019	2020	2019	2020	平均值Mean
L-S1	9月2日September 2nd	9月2日September 2nd	110	110	110.0
DWL-S2	9月7日September 7th	9月7日September 7th	105	105	105.0
L-S3	9月10日September 10th	9月11日September 11th	98	99	98.5
L-S4	9月9日September 9th	9月17日September 17th	87	95	91.0
L-S5	9月13日September 13th	9月20日September 20th	81	88	84.5
R-S1	9月4日September 4th	9月2日September 2nd	112	110	111.0
R-S2	9月8日September 8th	9月8日September 8th	106	106	106.0
R-S3	9月11日September 11th	9月11日September 11th	99	99	99.0
R-S4	9月15日September 15th	9月17日September 17th	93	95	94.0
R-S5	9月17日September 17th	9月20日September 20th	85	88	86.5

处理 Treatment	齐穗期Date of rice full heading		播齐历期Period of sowing to full heading/d
处理 Treatment	2019	2020	2019	2020	平均值Mean
L-S1	9月2日September 2nd	9月2日September 2nd	110	110	110.0
DWL-S2	9月7日September 7th	9月7日September 7th	105	105	105.0
L-S3	9月10日September 10th	9月11日September 11th	98	99	98.5
L-S4	9月9日September 9th	9月17日September 17th	87	95	91.0
L-S5	9月13日September 13th	9月20日September 20th	81	88	84.5
R-S1	9月4日September 4th	9月2日September 2nd	112	110	111.0
R-S2	9月8日September 8th	9月8日September 8th	106	106	106.0
R-S3	9月11日September 11th	9月11日September 11th	99	99	99.0
R-S4	9月15日September 15th	9月17日September 17th	93	95	94.0
R-S5	9月17日September 17th	9月20日September 20th	85	88	86.5

处理 Treatments	有效穗数 Effective panicles/ (×10⁶ hm^-2)			每穗总粒数 Grains per panicle			千粒重 1 000-grain weight/g			结实率 Seed setting rate/%			实际产量 Actual yield/ (t·hm^-2)
处理 Treatments	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean
L-S1	3.08± 0.17 ab	2.99± 0.23 a	3.04	117.20± 7.26 b	121.69± 9.82 a	119.45	29.48± 0.62 a	30.25± 0.13 a	29.87	85.90± 4.59 b	90.52± 1.16 a	88.21	10.53± 0.43 a	10.82± 0.27 a	10.68
L-S2	2.86± 0.05 b	3.27± 0.47 a	3.07	136.06± 2.87 a	114.72± 14.60 a	125.39	29.35± 0.28 a	29.76± 0.48 ab	29.56	90.38± 2.56 ab	85.28± 4.13 bc	87.83	11.05± 0.36 a	10.83± 0.21 a	10.94
L-S3	3.31± 0.05 a	3.14± 0.42 a	3.21	119.21± 9.70 b	119.10± 16.65 a	119.16	27.81± 1.06 a	29.41± 0.36 bc	28.61	89.75± 2.13 ab	82.50± 2.62 c	86.13	10.77± 0.67 a	10.92± 0.22 a	10.85
L-S4	3.34± 0.26 a	3.46± 0.28 a	3.40	110.95± 10.51 b	108.68± 13.14 a	109.82	28.90± 1.31 a	28.96± 0.33 cd	28.93	90.87± 0.77 ab	87.92± 2.81 ab	89.40	10.79± 0.46 a	10.56± 0.23 a	10.67
L-S5	3.39± 0.18 a	3.37± 0.20 a	3.38	112.64± 8.17 b	118.33± 6.67 a	115.49	29.01± 0.86 a	28.45± 0.36 e	28.73	92.48± 3.64 a	90.50± 1.28 a	91.49	10.99± 0.36 a	10.85± 0.53 a	10.92
R-S1	3.17± 0.09 b	2.92± 0.45 a	3.05	124.89± 11.60 bc	149.21± 28.71 a	137.05	24.76± 0.61 a	23.47± 0.29 a	24.12	97.03± 1.74 a	94.87± 1.58 a	95.95	9.88± 0.33 b	9.69± 0.37 a	9.78
R-S2	3.28± 0.05 b	2.73± 0.31 a	3.01	141.59± 9.72 a	160.74± 24.60 a	151.17	24.61± 0.85 a	23.40± 0.26 a	24.01	96.05± 1.37 a	93.50± 1.22 bc	94.78	10.84± 0.63 a	9.88± 0.44 a	10.36
R-S3	3.25± 0.15 b	3.21± 0.40 a	3.23	131.08± 4.65 ab	140.94± 19.32 a	136.01	25.01± 1.60 a	22.90± 0.46 a	23.96	97.42± 0.76 a	92.93± 0.80 c	95.18	10.26± 0.40 ab	10.07± 0.15 a	10.17
R-S4	3.48± 0.13 a	3.75± 0.24 a	3.62	119.49± 4.04 bc	123.73± 8.49 a	121.61	24.99± 0.90 a	22.25± 0.45 b	23.62	95.75± 0.73 a	93.33± 1.88 ab	94.54	10.19± 0.36 ab	9.90± 0.35 a	10.04
R-S5	3.59± 0.09 a	3.75± 0.38 a	3.67	110.22± 6.16 c	112.48± 12.17 a	111.35	26.06± 0.51 a	23.43± 0.09 a	24.75	96.87± 1.04 a	91.78± 1.57 a	94.33	10.13± 0.50 ab	9.54± 0.28 a	9.83

Response of yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice with different grain shapes to regulation of sowing date in northern Zhejiang, China

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粒型 Grain type	主成分 Principal component	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累计方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
长粒形	1	8.16	45.32	45.32
Long-grained	2	4.87	27.06	72.38
	3	3.40	18.90	91.28
	4	1.57	8.72	100
圆粒型	1	8.87	49.26	49.26
Round-grained	2	5.10	28.31	77.57
	3	2.28	12.68	90.25
	4	1.75	9.75	100

处理 Treatments	F₁得分 F₁ score	F₂得分 F₂ score	F₃得分 F₃ score	F₄得分 F₄ score	F综合的得分 F score	排名 Rank
L-S1	-0.997	0.611	-1.348	-0.126	-0.552	5
L-S2	-0.936	-0.827	0.820	0.983	-0.407	4
L-S3	-0.119	0.211	0.919	-1.515	0.045	2
L-S4	0.966	1.206	0.348	0.831	0.902	1
L-S5	1.087	-1.201	-0.739	-0.173	0.013	3
R-S1	-1.150	-0.903	-1.024	0.113	-0.941	5
R-S2	-0.741	0.377	1.163	-1.075	-0.216	4
R-S3	0.019	0.222	0.743	1.612	0.323	3
R-S4	0.505	1.366	-1.015	-0.222	0.485	1
R-S5	1.368	-1.062	0.134	-0.427	0.349	2

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处理 Treatments	粒长 Grain length/mm			长宽比 Ratio of length/width			垩白粒率 Chalking rice rate/%			垩白度 Chalking degree/%			透明度 Transparency grade
处理 Treatments	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean
L-S1	6.80	6.80	6.80	2.90	2.90	2.90	15.00	1.00	8.00	2.10	0.10	1.10	2.00	1.00	1.50
L-S2	6.90	6.90	6.90	2.80	2.90	2.85	18.00	2.00	10.00	1.60	0.40	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
L-S3	6.80	6.90	6.85	2.80	2.90	2.85	12.00	2.00	7.00	1.20	0.40	0.80	1.00	1.00	1.00
L-S4	6.80	7.00	6.90	2.80	2.90	2.85	7.00	4.00	5.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	2.00	1.50
L-S5	6.90	6.90	6.90	2.80	2.80	2.80	21.00	6.00	13.50	1.20	0.80	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
R-S1	4.80	4.90	4.85	1.80	1.80	1.80	45.00	3.00	24.00	5.70	0.30	3.00	3.00	2.00	2.50
R-S2	4.90	4.90	4.90	1.80	1.80	1.80	47.00	2.00	24.50	5.90	0.30	3.10	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S3	4.90	5.00	4.95	1.80	1.80	1.80	46.00	4.00	25.00	5.60	0.30	2.95	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S4	4.90	5.00	4.95	1.80	1.80	1.80	43.00	1.00	22.00	5.20	<0.01	2.60	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S5	5.00	5.00	5.00	1.70	1.80	1.75	45.00	3.00	24.00	5.80	0.40	3.10	2.00	2.00	2.00

处理 Treatments	粒长 Grain length/mm			长宽比 Ratio of length/width			垩白粒率 Chalking rice rate/%			垩白度 Chalking degree/%			透明度 Transparency grade
处理 Treatments	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean	2019	2020	平均 Mean
L-S1	6.80	6.80	6.80	2.90	2.90	2.90	15.00	1.00	8.00	2.10	0.10	1.10	2.00	1.00	1.50
L-S2	6.90	6.90	6.90	2.80	2.90	2.85	18.00	2.00	10.00	1.60	0.40	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
L-S3	6.80	6.90	6.85	2.80	2.90	2.85	12.00	2.00	7.00	1.20	0.40	0.80	1.00	1.00	1.00
L-S4	6.80	7.00	6.90	2.80	2.90	2.85	7.00	4.00	5.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	2.00	1.50
L-S5	6.90	6.90	6.90	2.80	2.80	2.80	21.00	6.00	13.50	1.20	0.80	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
R-S1	4.80	4.90	4.85	1.80	1.80	1.80	45.00	3.00	24.00	5.70	0.30	3.00	3.00	2.00	2.50
R-S2	4.90	4.90	4.90	1.80	1.80	1.80	47.00	2.00	24.50	5.90	0.30	3.10	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S3	4.90	5.00	4.95	1.80	1.80	1.80	46.00	4.00	25.00	5.60	0.30	2.95	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S4	4.90	5.00	4.95	1.80	1.80	1.80	43.00	1.00	22.00	5.20	<0.01	2.60	2.00	2.00	2.00
R-S5	5.00	5.00	5.00	1.70	1.80	1.75	45.00	3.00	24.00	5.80	0.40	3.10	2.00	2.00	2.00

处理 Treatments	碱消值(级) Alkali spreading value			胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm			直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%			蛋白质含量 Protein content/%			食味品质得分 Taste quality score
处理 Treatments	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean
L-S1	7.00	7.00	7.00	69.00	67.00	68.00	17.30	17.70	17.50	7.92	8.11	8.02	80.00	79.00	79.50
L-S2	7.00	7.00	7.00	71.00	70.00	70.50	17.90	17.40	17.65	7.15	7.89	7.52	81.00	79.00	80.00
L-S3	7.00	7.00	7.00	71.00	65.00	68.00	17.70	17.90	17.80	8.17	8.31	8.24	80.00	78.00	79.00
L-S4	7.00	7.00	7.00	66.00	74.00	70.00	17.80	18.50	18.15	8.28	8.27	8.28	80.00	77.00	78.50
L-S5	7.00	7.00	7.00	64.00	64.00	64.00	17.80	18.80	18.30	8.22	7.76	7.99	79.00	78.00	78.50
R-S1	7.00	7.00	7.00	70.00	78.00	74.00	9.70	9.70	9.70	7.31	7.43	7.37	79.00	83.00	81.00
R-S2	7.00	7.00	7.00	72.00	79.00	75.50	9.70	9.70	9.70	7.10	7.71	7.41	80.00	81.00	80.50
R-S3	7.00	7.00	7.00	78.00	73.00	75.50	10.00	10.40	10.20	7.57	7.86	7.72	81.00	81.00	81.00
R-S4	7.00	7.00	7.00	80.00	72.00	76.00	9.80	10.40	10.10	7.73	7.89	7.81	81.00	80.00	80.50
R-S5	7.00	7.00	7.00	75.00	70.00	72.50	9.80	10.50	10.15	7.80	8.30	8.05	85.00	78.00	81.50

处理 Treatments	碱消值(级) Alkali spreading value			胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm			直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%			蛋白质含量 Protein content/%			食味品质得分 Taste quality score
处理 Treatments	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean	2019	2020	平均值 Mean
L-S1	7.00	7.00	7.00	69.00	67.00	68.00	17.30	17.70	17.50	7.92	8.11	8.02	80.00	79.00	79.50
L-S2	7.00	7.00	7.00	71.00	70.00	70.50	17.90	17.40	17.65	7.15	7.89	7.52	81.00	79.00	80.00
L-S3	7.00	7.00	7.00	71.00	65.00	68.00	17.70	17.90	17.80	8.17	8.31	8.24	80.00	78.00	79.00
L-S4	7.00	7.00	7.00	66.00	74.00	70.00	17.80	18.50	18.15	8.28	8.27	8.28	80.00	77.00	78.50
L-S5	7.00	7.00	7.00	64.00	64.00	64.00	17.80	18.80	18.30	8.22	7.76	7.99	79.00	78.00	78.50
R-S1	7.00	7.00	7.00	70.00	78.00	74.00	9.70	9.70	9.70	7.31	7.43	7.37	79.00	83.00	81.00
R-S2	7.00	7.00	7.00	72.00	79.00	75.50	9.70	9.70	9.70	7.10	7.71	7.41	80.00	81.00	80.50
R-S3	7.00	7.00	7.00	78.00	73.00	75.50	10.00	10.40	10.20	7.57	7.86	7.72	81.00	81.00	81.00
R-S4	7.00	7.00	7.00	80.00	72.00	76.00	9.80	10.40	10.10	7.73	7.89	7.81	81.00	80.00	80.50
R-S5	7.00	7.00	7.00	75.00	70.00	72.50	9.80	10.50	10.15	7.80	8.30	8.05	85.00	78.00	81.50