Abstract: Correct choice of the leading industry of agriculture is the main way to fully exploit its advantages in resources and labor, optimize the industrial structure and promote the regional characteristic agricultural economy. Based on the present situation of agricultural leading industry in Henan Province, we analyzed the industrial advantages of crop farming, livestock breeding and the fruit industry using the method of aggregated advantage index and the location entropy. Furthermore, each leading industry of agriculture was selected out and the countermeasures for promoting the development of agricultural leading industry in Henan Province was proposed combined with the regional natural resource, location condition and agricultural economy present situation．

Key words: Henan Province, agriculture, leading industry, quantitative selection