Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.15

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1375-1384.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.15

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Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

HAN Hailiang¹(), BAO Fei¹, CHEN Bin¹, XU Hongxing², WANG Guiyue¹, LYU Zhongxian², ZHAO Fucheng¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang 322100, Zhejiang, China
2. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2022-07-26 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-04

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effect of sex ratio on mating and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) adults, and to provide theoretical basis for the efficient application of sex attractants, 7 sex ratios (female to male) were set as 4:1, 3∶1, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4, the effects of different sex ratios on the mating ability of adults were investigated by dissecting the mated females, and the effects of sex ratios on the adult longevity, pre-oviposition period, oviposition duration, oviposition quantity and hatching rate of female moths were investigated through biological methods. Results showed that reducing the proportion of male moths could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the mating rate of female moths. The average mating times of single female moths increased significantly with the increase of the proportion of male moths, from 0.39 times at sex ratio of 4∶1 to 2.31 times at 1∶4. The average mating time of single male moth decreased from 1.56 times at sex ratio of 4∶1 to 0.50 times at 1∶4. The longevity of adults was the longest when the sex ratio was 1∶1. When the sex ratio was greater than 1, the number of eggs laid by a single female and the egg hatching rate were relatively low. Along with the decrease of sex ratio, those two parameters increased significantly until the sex ratio was 1∶1, when the number of eggs laid by a single female and the egg hatching rate were 949.48 and 73.68%, respectively. But, the further decrease of sex ratio did not significantly increase these parameters. At different sex ratios, the egg laying and larval hatching of female moths were concentrated within 7 days after eclosion. With the decrease of the proportion of male moths, the oviposition duration was prolonged and the peak value was reduced relatively. It was concluded that when the sex ratio was 1∶1, the female moth had the maximum life span, it could fully mate and have the highest single female oviposition and egg hatching rate. Reducing the proportion of male moths could reduce the mating rate and the mating times of female moths, hence reduce the number of eggs and hatching rate of a single female.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), sex ratio, adult longevity, mating time, reproductive capacity

CLC Number:

S433.4

HAN Hailiang, BAO Fei, CHEN Bin, XU Hongxing, WANG Guiyue, LYU Zhongxian, ZHAO Fucheng. Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1375-1384.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Morphology of ovary, bursa copulatrix and spermatophore of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth A, Bursa copulatrix; B, Ovariole; C, Unmated bursa copulatrix; D, Mated bursa copulatrix; E, Spermatophore.

Fig.2 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on mating rate of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05.

Fig.3 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on mating times of female and male moth of Spodoptera frugiperda Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant different within treatments for the same sex at P<0.05. The same as in Fig. 6.

Fig.4 Distribution of mating times of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth under different sex ratio (female∶male)

Fig.5 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on pre-oviposition period and oviposition duration of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05 within treatments under the same index.

Fig.6 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on longevity of adult Spodoptera frugiperda

Table 1 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda

性比(雌∶雄) Sex ratio (female∶male)	单雌平均产卵量 Average eggs per female moth	孵化率 Hatching rate/%
4∶1	395.70±51.80 c	38.15±6.45 c
3∶1	417.86±59.00 bc	46.55±7.33 bc
2∶1	695.19±55.57 ab	58.97±6.10 ab
1∶1	949.48±72.41 a	73.68±4.69 a
1∶2	933.71±85.72 a	61.71±6.16 ab
1∶3	880.60±98.94 a	68.41±5.66 a
1∶4	917.00±85.74 a	72.37±5.08 a

Fig.7 Effects of days after pairing on oviposition quantity (A) and hatching rate (B) of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth under different sex ratios (female∶male)

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Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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