Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221464

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2389-2397.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221464

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis

XU Shenping(), YUAN Xiuyun, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Fang, JIANG Suhua, NIU Suyan, CUI Bo()

Institute of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China

Received:2021-10-22 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

Abstract

Abstract:

Temperature and light intensity are the main environmental factors affecting the growth and development of Phalaenopsis. In this study, the flowering plant of Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ was used as experimental material, and the effects of two light intensity levels (photosynthetic photon flux density were 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) on photosynthesis, physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis were studied under high temperature (30 ℃/28 ℃) and low temperature (24 ℃/18 ℃) conditions. The results showed that the net CO₂ absorption rate under high temperature with low light intensity condition (HT-LL) treatment was significantly higher than that of low temperature with low light intensity condition (LT-LL), low temperature with high light intensity condition (LT-HL) and high temperature and high light intensity condition (HT-HL) in Phalaenopsis leaves. Chlorophyll content under HT-LL treatment was significantly higher than that of LT-LL, LT-HL and HT-HL conditions. The starch content under high light intensity treatment was significantly higher than that in the low light treatment, among which the content was the highest under the HT-HL treatment and the lowest content under the LT-LL treatment; Under HT-LL treatment, the content of starch decreased first and then increased and then decreased, under LT-HL and HT-HL treatments, the content of starch fluctuated up and down. The soluble sugar content of HT-HL treatment was the highest at 7 d. After 14 d, the content of soluble sugar under LT-HL treatment was significantly higher than that under LT-LL, HT-LL and HT-HL treatments. Soluble protein content in HT-HL treatment was significantly higher than that under the other 3 treatments. In addition, combined with the developmental morphology and anatomical characteristics of axillary bud of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis, it was found that the effects of temperature and light on the axillary bud development of flower stalk were significantly different, showing two distinct developmental processes: vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The axillary buds of flower stalk were germinated and grown vegetative growth under HT-LL treatment, and grown reproductive growth under LT-HL, LT-LL and HT-HL treatments. In general, the interaction between temperature and light had a significant effect on the photosynthetic physiology of Phalaenopsis. HT-HL significantly promoted the photosynthesis of Phalaenopsis, which accelerated the axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis. HT-LL treatment had negative effects on photosynthetic physiology of Phalaenopsis and induced vegetative growth of axillary buds of flower stalk.

Key words: Phalaenopsis, microstructure, vegetative growth, reproductive growth, carbohydrate

CLC Number:

S682.31

XU Shenping, YUAN Xiuyun, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Fang, JIANG Suhua, NIU Suyan, CUI Bo. Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2389-2397.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Effects of temperature and light intensity on net CO2 absorption rate and stomatal conductance in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves LT-HL, Low temperature with high light intensity treatment; LT-LL, Low temperature with low light intensity treatment; HT-HL, High temperature and high light intensity treatment; HT-LL, High temperature with low light intensity treatment. Data marked without the same lowercase letter indicated significant differences among treatments at P<0.05. The same as below.

Fig.2 Effects of temperature and light intensity on chlorophyl content in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves Data was detected based on fresh weight. The same as below.

Fig.3 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the carbohydrate contents in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves

Fig.4 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the soluble protein content in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves

Fig.5 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ A, Low temperature and high light intensity; B, Low temperature and low light intensity; C, High temperature and high light intensity; D, High temperature and low light intensity. IM, Inflorenscence meristem; FM, Floral meristem; SE, Sepal meristem; PE, Petal meristem; DB, Dormant bud; CO, Column primordium; VC, Vegetative cone; YL, Young leaf.

References 37

[1]	WANG W Y, CHEN W S, CHEN W H, et al. Influence of abscisic acid on flowering in Phalaenopsis hybrida[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002, 40(1): 97-100.
[2]	HSIAO Y Y, PAN Z J, HSU C C, et al. Research on orchid biology and biotechnology[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2011, 52(9): 1467-1486.
[3]	CHUGH S, GUHA S, RAO I U. Micropropagation of orchids: a review on the potential of different explants[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2009, 122(4): 507-520.
[4]	ENDO M, IKUSIMA I. Diurnal rhythm and characteristics of photosynthesis and respiration in the leaf and root of a Phalaenopsis plant[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 1989, 30(1): 43-47.
[5]	BLANCHARD M G, RUNKLE E S. Temperature during the day, but not during the night, controls flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006, 57(15): 4043-4049.
[6]	WANG Y T. Average daily temperature and reversed day/night temperature regulate vegetative and reproductive responses of a Doritis pulcherrima Lindley hybrid[J]. HortScience, 2007, 42(1): 68-70.
[7]	AN S K, KIM Y J, KIM K S. Optimum heating hour to maintain vegetative growth and inhibit premature inflorescence initiation of six-month and one-year-old Phalaenopsis hybrids[J]. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2013, 54(2): 91-96.
[8]	NEWTON L A, RUNKLE E S. High-temperature inhibition of flowering of Phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis orchids[J]. HortScience, 2009, 44(5): 1271-1276.
[9]	LEE H B, AN S K, KIM K S. Inhibition of premature flowering by intermittent high temperature treatment to young Phalaenopsis plants[J]. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2015, 56(5): 618-625.
[10]	CHEN W H, TSENG Y C, LIU Y C, et al. Cool-night temperature induces spike emergence and affects photosynthetic efficiency and metabolizable carbohydrate and organic acid pools in Phalaenopsis aphrodite[J]. Plant Cell Reports, 2008, 27(10): 1667-1675.
[11]	PARADISO R, MAGGIO A, DE PASCALE S. Moderate variations of day/night temperatures affect flower induction and inflorescence development in Phalaenopsis[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2012, 139: 102-107.
[12]	LOPEZ R G, RUNKLE E S. Environmental physiology of growth and flowering of orchids[J]. HortScience, 2005, 40(7): 1969-1973.
[13]	WANG Y T. Phalaenopsis orchid light requirement during the induction of spiking[J]. HortScience, 1995, 30(1): 59-61.
[14]	GUO W J, LIN Y Z, LEE N. Photosynthetic light requirements and effects of low irradiance and daylength on Phalaenopsis amabilis[J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2012, 137(6): 465-472.
[15]	HÜCKSTÄDT A B, TORRE S. Irradiance during vegetative growth phase affects production time and reproductive development of Phalaenopsis[J]. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 2013, 78(4): 160-168.
[16]	LIU Y C, LIU C H, LIN Y C, et al. Effect of low irradiance on the photosynthetic performance and spiking of Phalaenopsis[J]. Photosynthetica, 2016, 54(2): 259-266.
[17]	LICHTENTHALER H K. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes[M]// Methods in Enzymology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1987: 350-382.
[18]	MORRIS D L. Quantitative determination of carbohydrates with dreywood’s anthrone reagent[J]. Science, 1948, 107(2775): 254-255.
[19]	ZAPATA C, DELÉENS E, CHAILLOU S, et al. Partitioning and mobilization of starch and N reserves in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004, 161(9): 1031-1040.
[20]	BRADFORD M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 1976, 72(1/2): 248-254.
[21]	NOBEL P S. Achievable productivities of certain CAM plants: basis for high values compared with C₃ and C₄ plants[J]. New Phytologist, 1991, 119(2): 183-205.
[22]	许申平, 曾兰婷, 叶庆生. 长期增施CO₂对蝴蝶兰生长与开花的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(8): 1599-1605.
	XU S P, ZENG L T, YE Q S. Effects of long-term elevated CO₂ on growth and flowering in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2015, 42(8): 1599-1605. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	DODD A N, BORLAND A M, HASLAM R P, et al. Crassulacean acid metabolism: plastic, fantastic[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2002, 53(369): 569-580.
[24]	CEUSTERS J, BORLAND A M, GODTS C, et al. Crassulacean acid metabolism under severe light limitation: a matter of plasticity in the shadows?[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011, 62(1): 283-291.
[25]	WU P H, LIU C H, TSENG K M, et al. Low irradiance alters carbon metabolism and delays flower stalk development in two orchids[J]. Biologia Plantarum, 2013, 57(4): 764-768.
[26]	LÜTTGE U. Ecophysiology of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)[J]. Annals of Botany, 2004, 93(6): 629-652.
[27]	LEE H B, JEONG S J, LIM N H, et al. Correlation between carbohydrate contents in the leaves and inflorescence initiation in Phalaenopsis[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 265: 109270.
[28]	QIN Q P, KAAS Q, ZHANG C, et al. The cold awakening of Doritaenopsis ‘Tinny tender’ orchid flowers: the role of leaves in cold-induced bud dormancy release[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2012, 31(2): 139-155.
[29]	KATAOKA K, SUMITOMO K, FUDANO T, et al. Changes in sugar content of Phalaenopsis leaves before floral transition[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2004, 102(1): 121-132.
[30]	韦莉, 彭方仁, 王世博, 等. 蝴蝶兰‘V31’花芽分化的形态观察及几种代谢产物含量的变化[J]. 园艺学报, 2010, 37(8): 1303-1310.
	WEI L, PENG F R, WANG S B, et al. Morphology and changes of several metabolites content during flower bud differentiation in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2010, 37(8): 1303-1310. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	YU S M, LO S F, HO T H D. Source-sink communication: regulated by hormone, nutrient, and stress cross-signaling[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2015, 20(12): 844-857.
[32]	许申平, 张燕, 袁秀云, 等. 依据显微结构及光合特性探讨蝴蝶兰花芽分化的时期[J]. 园艺学报, 2020, 47(7): 1359-1368.
	XU S P, ZHANG Y, YUAN X Y, et al. Explore the key period of floral determination based on the microstructure and photosynthetic characteristics in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2020, 47(7): 1359-1368. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]	CHO A R, CHUNG S W, KIM Y J. Flowering responses under elevated CO₂ and graded nutrient supply in Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 273: 109602.
[34]	CHO A R, SONG S J, CHUNG S W, et al. CO₂ enrichment with higher light level improves flowering quality of Phalaenopsis queen beer ‘mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019, 247: 356-361.
[35]	JEONG S J, LEE H B, AN S K, et al. High temperature stress prior to induction phase delays flowering initiation and inflorescence development in Phalaenopsis queen beer ‘Mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 263: 109092.
[36]	HOGEWONING S W, BOOGAART S A J, TONGERLO E, et al. CAM-physiology and carbon gain of the orchid Phalaenopsisin response to light intensity, light integral and CO₂[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2021, 44(3): 762-774.
[37]	SAKANISHI Y, IMANISHI H, ISHIDA G. Effect of temperature on growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis amabilis[J]. Bulletin of the University of Osaka Prefecture, B, 1980, 32: 1-9.

Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 5

References 37

Related Articles 7

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	XU Shenping, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Fang, JIANG Suhua, NIU Suyan, CUI Bo, YUAN Xiuyun. Cloning of PhaSEP3 gene in Phalaenopsis and its expression in floral organ mutants [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(8): 1703-1712.
[2]	XIE Fang, XIA Yingxia, SU Qiangjun, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, CHEN Zhaohe, ZHOU Gang. Observation of ultramicroscopic characteristics of three morphology of mycelium for Ophiocordyceps sinensis [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(5): 855-860.
[3]	YAN Wenyi, XIE Yongdong, YANG Luxi, CHEN Yan, WANG Haixia, SUN Bo, HE Zhongqun. Comparison of morphology, anatomical structure and karyotype between two Talinum crassifolium (Jacq.) Gaertn. species [J]. , 2019, 31(8): 1321-1330.
[4]	LI Gangbo, ZHANG Mei, FAN Jide, ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Ting, LIN Jing, CHANG Youhong, YANG Feng. Effects of rain-sheltered cultivation on sugar accumulation and nutritional growth of early-maturing sand pear fruit in Xuhuai area [J]. , 2019, 31(6): 900-907.
[5]	MENG Youqing, WENG Haiyong, CEN Haiyan, LI Hongye, HE Yong. Carbohydrate metabolism and near-infrared spectral characteristics in asymptomatic Huang-longbing infected leaves [J]. , 2019, 31(3): 428-435.
[6]	CAO Yan, XIA Qile, CHEN Jianbing, SHAN Zhichu. Production of bacterial cellulose by Gluconacetobacter xylinus using rice milk [J]. , 2019, 31(11): 1918-1925.
[7]	TONG Jing, LI Suyan, SUN Xiangyang, LIU Kefeng, WANG Hongwei, YANG Meiyan. Effects of phosphorus fertilizing on growth and root morphology of Salvia splendens var. Chengxiang Gongzhu [J]. , 2018, 30(3): 386-392.