Abstract:

To explore the mitochondrial genome of Nysius graminicola (Kolenati, 1845) and the phylogeny of Lygaeoidea, we newly sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of N. graminicola by using the next-generation sequencing method. In phylogenetic analyses, we selected 17 family including 52 exemplars of Lygaeoidea as ingroups. Two species of Coreoidea was used as outgroup. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships using Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The sequenced genome is a circular molecule of 16 760 bp in length (Genbank accession No.: OQ553818) which possesses 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and putative control regions as well. For most of the protein-coding genes the star codons were ATN except for nad2 using GTG and cox1using TTG as star codon. Most of the protein-coding genes terminated with the stop codon TAA, while cox1, cox2, nad3, cob and nad1 employed the incomplete T as the stop codon. All tRNA genes can be folded into a typical cloverleaf structure, with the except of the trnS1-AGN. The trnS1 lacks the DHU arm. Both phylogenetic inference methods showed largely identical tree topological structures. The families of Lygaeidae and Rhyparochromidae were non-monophyletic. However, the families of Pachygronthidae, Heterogastridae, Berytidae, Blissidae and Malcidae were monophyletic. In addition, N. graminicola is closely related to N. fuscovittatus.

Key words: Hemiptera, Lygaeoidea, Nysius graminicola, mitochondrial genome, phylogeny