Effects of microbial fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer on yield, quality and soil microorganisms of cauliflower

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221790

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 589-599.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221790

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of microbial fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer on yield, quality and soil microorganisms of cauliflower

HOU Dong¹(), LI Yali¹, YUE Hongzhong¹, ZHANG Dongqin¹, YAO Tuo², HUANG Shuchao³, YANG Haixing⁴

1. Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
2. Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
3. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
4. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Yuzhong County, Gansu Province, Yuzhong 730070, Gansu, China

Received:2022-12-13 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-09

Abstract

Abstract:

In Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China, a 3-year consecutive experiment was carried out from 2018 to 2020 to monitor the impact of replacing chemical fertilizers with microbial fertilizer on the yield, quality and soil environment of cauliflower. There were three treatments: A, full amount of chemical fertilizer (commonly used amount in local, 100% chemical fertilizer); B: microbial fertilizer (60 kg·hm^-2)+60% amount of chemical fertilizer commonly used in local; C, microbial fertilizer (120 kg·hm^-2)+40% amount of chemical fertilizer commonly used in local. The results showed that compared with treatment A, the yield of cauliflower under treatment B was 32.41, 33.61 t·hm^-2 in 2018, 2020, respectively, which was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that under treatment A by 7.7% and 2.1%, respectively. But, in 2019, the yield of cauliflower under treatment A was significanly higher than that under other treatments. Compared with treatment A, the vitamin C content under treatment B and treatment C in 2019 was significantly higher by 72.2% and 94.3%, respectively, and the nitrate content of cauliflower under treatment B was significantly decreased by 7.0%. After the test for 3 years, the soil sucrase activity and available phosphorus content under treatments of B and C were significantly increased thant those under treatment A, while the soil available potassiumn content under treatment C was decreased significantly, yet the soil total phosphorus content was significantly increased. Compared with the treatment of full amount of chemical fertilizer, the relative abundance of soil beneficial microorganisms, such as Planctomycetota, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Mortierella, was increased, and the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, such as Olpidium and Spizellomyces, was decreased by 2.98%-42.97% and 80.69%-85.31%, respectively. In summary, application of appropriate amount of microbial fertilizer in place of chemical fertilizers could improve soil quality, balance microflora, and improve the quality of cauliflower in plateau planting areas. Under test conditions of this test, treatment B showed the best effect.

Key words: cauliflower, microbial fertilizer, soil microorganisms, soil physiochemical property

CLC Number:

S606.2

HOU Dong, LI Yali, YUE Hongzhong, ZHANG Dongqin, YAO Tuo, HUANG Shuchao, YANG Haixing. Effects of microbial fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer on yield, quality and soil microorganisms of cauliflower[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(3): 589-599.

Figures/Tables 8

References 38

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	维生素C含量 Vitamin C content/(mg·kg^-1)	粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content/%	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content/(mg·kg^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content/(mg·kg^-1)	硝酸盐含量 Nitrate content/ (mg·kg^-1)	产量 Yield/ (t·hm^-2)
2018	A	501.6±24.7 a	2.68±0.01 a	38.2±1.1 a	25.4±3.4 a	332.03±29.95 a	30.09±0.05 b
	B	466.6±13.4 a	1.38±0.01 a	39.4±2.1 a	26.2±4.0 a	321.22±87.87 a	32.41±0.13 a
	C	532.9±45.3 a	1.94±0.01 a	35.8±1.3 a	22.4±5.6 a	236.63±12.34 a	27.57±0.10 c
2019	A	388.0±57.7 b	1.05±0.01 a	20.5±0.8 a	22.6±0.8 a	488.68±5.11 b	48.67±0.02 a
	B	668.0±36.8 a	1.00±0.01 ab	18.8±0.2 a	22.3±0.4 a	520.08±4.72 a	45.11±0.01 b
	C	754.0±42.1 a	0.97±0.01 b	14.4±1.2 b	19.4±1.5 a	461.21±3.98 c	39.61±0.02 c
2020	A	833.0±3.4 a	1.06±0.01 b	36.2±5.0 a	16.9±1.7 a	336.33±4.03 a	32.91±0.02 b
	B	832.4±7.9 a	1.46±0.01 a	41.0±5.7 a	17.4±0.7 a	312.95±1.49 b	33.61±0.03 a
	C	797.7±1.7 b	1.27±0.01 ab	34.6±4.0 a	17.8±0.7 a	337.31±1.11 a	28.43±0.03 c

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	维生素C含量 Vitamin C content/(mg·kg^-1)	粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content/%	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content/(mg·kg^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content/(mg·kg^-1)	硝酸盐含量 Nitrate content/ (mg·kg^-1)	产量 Yield/ (t·hm^-2)
2018	A	501.6±24.7 a	2.68±0.01 a	38.2±1.1 a	25.4±3.4 a	332.03±29.95 a	30.09±0.05 b
	B	466.6±13.4 a	1.38±0.01 a	39.4±2.1 a	26.2±4.0 a	321.22±87.87 a	32.41±0.13 a
	C	532.9±45.3 a	1.94±0.01 a	35.8±1.3 a	22.4±5.6 a	236.63±12.34 a	27.57±0.10 c
2019	A	388.0±57.7 b	1.05±0.01 a	20.5±0.8 a	22.6±0.8 a	488.68±5.11 b	48.67±0.02 a
	B	668.0±36.8 a	1.00±0.01 ab	18.8±0.2 a	22.3±0.4 a	520.08±4.72 a	45.11±0.01 b
	C	754.0±42.1 a	0.97±0.01 b	14.4±1.2 b	19.4±1.5 a	461.21±3.98 c	39.61±0.02 c
2020	A	833.0±3.4 a	1.06±0.01 b	36.2±5.0 a	16.9±1.7 a	336.33±4.03 a	32.91±0.02 b
	B	832.4±7.9 a	1.46±0.01 a	41.0±5.7 a	17.4±0.7 a	312.95±1.49 b	33.61±0.03 a
	C	797.7±1.7 b	1.27±0.01 ab	34.6±4.0 a	17.8±0.7 a	337.31±1.11 a	28.43±0.03 c

处理 Treatment	脲酶活性 Urease activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶 Catalase activity/ (mL·h^-1·g^-1)	碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	蔗糖酶活性 Sucrase activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)
A	1.62±0.02 a	1.73±0.01 a	1.49±0.01 a	1.06±0.02 b
B	1.59±0.03 a	1.75±0.01 a	1.37±0.08 a	1.18±0.04 a
C	1.61±0.01 a	1.74±0.01 a	1.37±0.06 a	1.18±0.03 a

处理 Treatment	脲酶活性 Urease activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶 Catalase activity/ (mL·h^-1·g^-1)	碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	蔗糖酶活性 Sucrase activity/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)
A	1.62±0.02 a	1.73±0.01 a	1.49±0.01 a	1.06±0.02 b
B	1.59±0.03 a	1.75±0.01 a	1.37±0.08 a	1.18±0.04 a
C	1.61±0.01 a	1.74±0.01 a	1.37±0.06 a	1.18±0.03 a

处理 Treatment	pH值 pH value	TS/%	OM/ (g·kg^-1)	AN/ (mg·kg^-1)	AP/ (mg·kg^-1)	AK/ (mg·kg^-1)	TN/ (g·kg^-1)	TP/ (g·kg^-1)	TK/ (g·kg^-1)
A	8.40± 0.02 a	0.04± 0.01 a	19.40± 0.85 a	130.33± 0.33 a	24.26± 0.33 b	167.72± 1.15 a	0.81± 0.01 a	0.96± 0.02 b	23.02± 0.12 a
B	8.44± 0.10 a	0.04± 0.01 a	19.16± 0.23 a	126.67± 4.67 a	27.62± 0.65 a	166.06± 1.2 ab	0.84± 0.04 a	0.95± 0.01 b	22.71± 0.12 a
C	8.38± 0.02 a	0.04± 0.01 a	17.73± 0.54 a	126.67± 6.96 a	26.54± 0.19 a	163.06± 1.2 b	0.79± 0.01 a	1.22± 0.02 a	21.95± 1.15 a

Effects of microbial fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer on yield, quality and soil microorganisms of cauliflower

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处理 Treatment	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Simpson指数 Simpson index
A	3 442.4±53.3 a	10.82±0.03 a	0.998 8±0.000 1 a
B	3 190.6±150.0 a	10.76±0.05 a	0.998 9±0.000 1 a
C	3 310.3±50.5 a	10.83±0.04 a	0.999 0±0.000 1 a

处理 Treatment	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Simpson指数 Simpson index
A	592.0±38.8 a	5.725±0.543 a	0.901 6±0.048 9 a
B	580.7±35.4 a	6.076±0.308 a	0.952 9±0.010 9 a
C	539.5±68.5 a	5.854±1.055 a	0.907 2±0.071 9 a

指标 Index	产量 Yield	维生素C含量 Vitamin C content	粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	硝酸盐含量 Nitrate content
pH	1.000^*	0.746	0.976	0.996	-0.266	-0.956
全盐量Total salt content	0.953	0.92	0.994	0.914	-0.561	-0.811
有机质Organic matter content	0.676	0.993	0.809	0.591	-0.899	-0.413
碱解氮含量Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content	-0.171	0.513	0.029	-0.277	-0.896	0.469
有效磷含量Available phosphorus content	0.473	-0.216	0.287	0.566	0.711	-0.723
速效钾含量Available potassium content	0.494	0.941	0.657	0.396	-0.974	-0.199
全氮含量Total nitrogen content	0.998^*	0.794	0.99	0.986	-0.338	-0.931
全磷含量Total phosphorus content	-0.788	-0.999^*	-0.895	-0.717	0.814	0.558
全钾含量Total potassium content	0.556	0.964	0.711	0.462	-0.955	-0.27
脲酶活性Urease activity	-0.774	-0.174	-0.633	-0.839	-0.387	0.933
过氧化氢酶活性Catalase activity	0.694	0.057	0.537	0.769	0.493	-0.884
碱性磷酸酶活性Alkaline phosphatase activity	-0.171	0.513	0.029	-0.277	-0.896	0.469
蔗糖酶活性Sucrase activity	0.171	-0.513	-0.029	0.277	0.896	-0.469
油壶菌属相对丰度	-0.916	-0.432	-0.817	-0.954	-0.126	0.995
Relative abundance of Olpidium
小壶菌属相对丰度	-0.217	0.472	-0.018	-0.322	-0.875	0.510
Relative abundance of Spizellomyces
被孢霉属相对丰度	0.350	-0.345	0.157	0.450	0.799	-0.624
Relative abundance of Mortierella
子囊菌门相对丰度	-0.217	-0.801	-0.408	-0.110	0.998^*	-0.097
Relative abundance of Ascomycota
酸杆菌门相对丰度	0.968	0.898	0.999^*	0.935	-0.516	-0.842
Relative abundance of Acidobacteriota
变形菌门相对丰度	0.008	0.658	0.207	-0.101	-0.961	0.304
Relative abundance of Proteobacteria
放线菌门相对丰度	-0.791	-0.999^*	-0.897	-0.720	0.811	0.562
Relative abundance of Actinobacteria
芽单胞菌门相对丰度	-0.226	0.464	-0.027	-0.331	-0.87	0.517
Relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes
浮霉菌门相对丰度	0.099	-0.574	-0.102	0.207	0.926	-0.403
Relative abundance of Planctomycetota
厚壁菌门相对丰度	-0.672	-0.992	-0.806	-0.587	0.901	0.408
Relative abundance of Firmicutes
硝化螺菌属相对丰度	0.112	0.733	0.308	0.003	-0.985	0.202
Relative abundance of Nitrospira

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