Effects of biogas slurry substituting chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality and soil characteristics

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240321

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 880-891.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240321

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of biogas slurry substituting chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality and soil characteristics

YING Yongfei¹(), HAN Dongxuan², MENG Fang³, YU Lin⁴, SHEN Jialuan⁵, WANG Kaiying²^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Province Technology Extension and Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Hangzhou 310017, China
2. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Animal Husbandry and Agricultural Machinery Development Center of Lin’an District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311300, China
4. Plant Quarantine Station of Lin’an District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311300, China
5. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Lin’an District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311300, China

Received:2024-04-08 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-09

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the impact of biogas slurry substituting chemical fertilizers on rice production, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of applying three ratios of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizers (100% chemical fertilizer, 80% chemical fertilizer + 25% biogas slurry, 100% biogas slurry) as basal fertilizers on rice yield and quality, soil nutrients, microbial community structure, as well as heavy metal contents in both soil and rice. The results showed that among the three treatments, the rice with 100% biogas slurry as the basal fertilizer demonstrated the best performance in terms of seed setting rate, 1 000-grain weight, yield, and rice quality. The application of biogas slurry led to an increase in the contents of Cu, Zn and As in rice straw, posing a risk of heavy metal accumulation. Although the As content in grains increased significantly (P<0.05), it did not exceed the limit standard stipulated in GB 2762-2022 National Food Safety Standard: Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods. The application of biogas slurry altered the soil microbial community structure, enhanced the microbial α-diversity, and raised the relative abundance of electroactive bacteria. Overall, under the experimental conditions, the application of biogas slurry substituting the full amount of pure nitrogen in the basal fertilizer could reduce fertilizer cost and increase planting quality and profits, bring about optimal benefits.

Key words: reduced chemical fertilizer usage, biogas slurry, soil characteristics, rice yield, food safety

CLC Number:

S147.2

YING Yongfei, HAN Dongxuan, MENG Fang, YU Lin, SHEN Jialuan, WANG Kaiying. Effects of biogas slurry substituting chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality and soil characteristics[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(4): 880-891.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Effect of treatments on rice yield and its components

处理	PH/cm	ESN	SL/cm	FGN	GN	SSR/%	TGW/g	Y/(kg·hm^-2)
Treatment
CK	129.5±6.6 a	17.0±4.0 a	23.8±0.3 a	342±31 a	483±41 a	70.9±3.9 b	22.1±1.1 b	11 023.2±88.0 c
S1	122.4±4.0 b	17.4±2.6 a	23.9±0.8 a	324±23 a	446±40 ab	72.6±4.5 b	22.9±1.2 ab	11 349.6±96.5 b
S2	126.0±3.4 b	19.0±2.4 a	24.0±0.6 a	308±51 a	404±42 b	76.2±6.2 a	23.7±1.1 a	12 465.6±118.5 a

Table 2 Rice quality under treatments

处理 Treatment	蛋白质含量 Protein content/%	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%	氮含量 N content/(g·kg^-1)	磷含量 P content/(g·kg^-1)	钾含量 K content/(g·kg^-1)
CK	6.48±0.06 c	11.14±0.07 a	10.30±0.01 c	1.36±0.04 c	3.99±0.06 a
S1	6.89±0.10 b	11.34±0.07 a	10.86±0.06 b	1.58±0.00 b	3.73±0.10 a
S2	7.70±0.11 a	11.24±0.07 a	11.60±0.04 a	1.90±0.01 a	3.93±0.16 a

Fig.1 Heavy metals content in straw and grain of rice under treatments Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05.

Fig.2 Soil physiochemical properties under treatments Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant (P<0.05) difference at the same stage.BRP, Before rice planting; AH, After harvest.The same as below.

Fig.3 Heavy metals content in soil under treatments

Fig.4 Changes in microbial community composition and alpha diversity under treatments

Fig.5 Relative abundance of electroactive bacteria (left) and its composition (right) under treatments

Fig.6 Correlation between soil microbial abundance(A), alpha diversity(B) and soil environmental factors pH, Soil pH value; OM, Soil organic matter content; AN, Soil hydrolysable nitrogen content; AP, Soil available phosphorus content; AK, Soil available potassium content; Simpson,Simpson index; Shannon, Shannon index; Pielou-e,Pielou-e index;observed-feature,observed-feature index;goods-coverage,goods-coverage index;dominance,dominance index;Chao1,Chao1 index.

Table 3 Economic benefits of rice planting under treatments yuan·hm-2

处理 Treatment	种子费 Seed fee	肥料费 Fertilizer fee	人工费 Labor cost	总成本 Total cost	产值 Output	利润 Profit
CK	1 800	2 250	13 425	17 475	29 655	12 180
S1	1 800	1 980	13 800	17 580	30 525	12 945
S2	1 800	900	13 800	16 500	33 525	17 025

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Effects of biogas slurry substituting chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality and soil characteristics

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