籼粳杂交稻与常规粳稻产量、干物质氮素累积转运及氮素利用差异研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.12.02

浙江农业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1992-2000.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.12.02

籼粳杂交稻与常规粳稻产量、干物质氮素累积转运及氮素利用差异研究

陈贵¹, 陈梅², 张红梅¹, 王士磊¹, 施卫明², 程旺大¹

1.嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴 314016;
2.中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京 210008

收稿日期:2018-02-12 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2018-12-28
作者简介:陈贵(1982—),山西运城人,博士,副研究员,主要从事稻田氮素循环及水稻高效利用氮素机制。E-mail: chenzhao2004@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金(LY16D050002);国家自然科学基金(31572205);嘉兴市科技计划(2018AY11020, 2017AZ13025, 2016BZ26006);浙江省重大研发计划(2016C02050-3);浙江省粮油产业技术团队项目;嘉兴市农业技术推广基金会项目“菌渣及稻草主要成分及其生态循环利用研究”

Differences of yield, accumulation and translocation properties of dry matter and N, and N use efficiency between indica-japonica hybrid rice and japonica rice

CHEN Gui¹, CHEN Mei², ZHANG Hongmei¹, WANG Shilei¹, SHI Weiming², CHENG Wangda¹

1. Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Science, Jiaxing 314016, China;
2. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China

Received:2018-02-12 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在相应栽培密度下,通过田间试验研究了浙江省主栽籼粳杂交水稻(甬优12和嘉优中科6号)和常规粳稻(秀水134)的个体和单位面积群体产量、产量构成,及其对氮肥施用的响应特性,同时对其干物质和氮素的累积、转运特性,以及氮素利用效率开展研究。结果表明:甬优12和嘉优中科6号的个体、单位面积群体及日产量均高于秀水134,其中,个体产量优势更明显。尽管籼粳杂交稻单位面积穗数和结实率相对较低,但其穗大粒多。随施氮量增加,甬优12和嘉优中科6号产量呈增加趋势,而秀水134产量在施氮量超过200 kg·hm^-2后即呈下降趋势。甬优12和嘉优中科6号个体和单位面积群体的干物质和氮素累积均高于秀水134,其中个体差异更明显。整体而言,甬优12和嘉优中科6号单位面积群体齐穗期后干物质和氮素转运量较少,转运效率较低。甬优12和嘉优中科6号的氮素利用效率高于秀水134,然而主要表现为氮素吸收效率高,生理利用效率差异不明显。由此可见,籼粳杂交稻的干物质形成和氮素吸收能力高于常规粳稻,但转运量和转运效率较低。另外,与氮素吸收效率相比,籼粳杂交稻的氮素生理利用效率仍有待进一步提高。

关键词: 籼粳杂交水稻, 常规粳稻, 产量, 累积转运特性, 氮素利用效率

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the differences of yield, yield response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer application based on the individual and the unit area within indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6, and japonica rice cultivar Xiushui 134 under respective planting densities. Meanwhile, yield components, accumulation and redistribution properties of dry matter and N, and N use efficiencies were also studied. The results showed that the yield based on the individual, unit area and daily output of Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6 were higher than that of Xiushui 134, among which the difference of individual yield was more obvious. Although the spike number of unit area and seed setting rate of indica-japonica hybrid rice were relatively lower, the advantages of large panicle with more spikelets were more obvious. With the increase of N fertilizer input, the yields of Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6 showed increasing trend. While, the yield of Xiushui 134 began to decline when N input was over 200 kg·hm^-2. The accumulations of dry matter and N for both individual and unit-area rice plants of Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6 were higher than that of Xiushui 134, of which the individual difference was more obvious. Generally speaking, translocation amounts or efficiencies of dry matter and N for the unit-area in Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6 were relatively lower than those of Xiushui 134. Yongyou 12 and Jiayouzhongke 6 showed higher N use efficiencies, which is mainly characterized as higher N uptake efficiency, other than physiological N use efficiency. In conclusion, the indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars possessed obviously stronger abilities in biomass development and N uptake compared to the japonica rice cultivar. However, their translocation amount and efficiency were lower. Compared with its N uptake efficiency, the physiological N use efficiency in indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivars should be further improved.

Key words: indica-japonica hybrid rice, japonica rice, yield, accumulation and translocation properties, N use efficiency

中图分类号:

S502.4
S511

陈贵, 陈梅, 张红梅, 王士磊, 施卫明, 程旺大. 籼粳杂交稻与常规粳稻产量、干物质氮素累积转运及氮素利用差异研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(12): 1992-2000.

CHEN Gui, CHEN Mei, ZHANG Hongmei, WANG Shilei, SHI Weiming, CHENG Wangda. Differences of yield, accumulation and translocation properties of dry matter and N, and N use efficiency between indica-japonica hybrid rice and japonica rice[J]. , 2018, 30(12): 1992-2000.

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籼粳杂交稻与常规粳稻产量、干物质氮素累积转运及氮素利用差异研究

Differences of yield, accumulation and translocation properties of dry matter and N, and N use efficiency between indica-japonica hybrid rice and japonica rice

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